The Holocaust had a profound impact on Germany's image in the rest of the world. During WWII, Hitler systematically killed 6 million Jews through concentration camps and gas chambers. After Germany's surrender in 1945, the Allied powers divided Germany into Western and Eastern sectors, with the Western powers controlling West Germany and the Soviet Union controlling East Germany.

1. Warm-up Question?
What impact do you think the
Holocaust had on the rest of the
world’s image of Germany?
Discuss with your partner
(the person who sits beside you)

2. WWII and the
Holocaust

3. The Allied powers
• United Kingdom, France, Soviet Union
(previously Russia), and the United
States.

4. The Axis Power
• Germany, Italy, and Japan.

5. WORLD WAR II
• The Second World War was started
by Germany in an unprovoked attack
on Poland. Britain and France
declared war on Germany after Hitler
had refused to abort his invasion of
Poland.

6. WWII Leaders
Churchill, Roosevelt, and Stalin

7. How did people protect
themselves during the war?
• Children and some women were evacuated
from the big cities into the countryside.
• People carried gas masks to protect
themselves against a possible gas attack.
• People built air raid shelters in their
gardens.
• All windows and doors were blacked out to
make it harder for the enemy planes to spot
where they lived.

8. What effect did the war have on
people?
• World War II brought a lot of suffering and
hardship to thousands of people.
• German bombers made terrifying night raids.
• Families were broken up as men were sent to the
front lines to fight, some never to return.
• Children were sent out of the cities to stay with
strangers, away from the bombing.
• Shops were half empty of things to buy and what
was available was often rationed.
• The peaceful routine of everyday life was
shattered.

9. • Britain was called the 'Home Front',
because people felt that they were
part of the war. The war effected
everyone whether they were on the
front line (in Europe) or on the home
front (back in Britain).
• Not everyone went to fight, but
everyone helped in the 'war effort' in
some way or other.

10. DISCLAIMER:
There are some
horrific things that
happened during
WWII.
Please be respectful.

11. Hitler’s Plan
• As part of Hitler’s plan to conquer the
new world, he began the systematic
killing of every Jew – man, woman,
and child – under Nazi rule.
• The Nazis imprisoned Jews in certain
sections of cities, made them wear
special identifying armbands, and
separated them from their families.

12. Jewish Treatment
• Jews were forced to give up their
jobs and businesses. They were not
allowed to attend school.
• They had to wear the Star of David
which identified them as Jewish.
They also had to carry papers which
identified them.

14. Concentration Camps
• The Nazis built concentration camps
and sent Jews from the cities by
railcar to these camps.
• When the Jews arrived, their heads
were shaved and a number was
tattooed onto their arms.

16. “The Showers”
• Many were immediately herded into
“showers”, which were nothing more
than gas chambers.
• In such places, as many as 2,000
people could be killed at one time.

18. Living Conditions
• Thousands died from forced labor,
little food, and exposure to the
summer heat and winter cold.
• Disabled people, children, and
especially twins were experimented
on.
• The guards would play horrific games
with the babies and children to put
them to death.

19. By the time WWII
was over, as
many as 6 million
Jews were dead.

20. Germany surrenders
• World War II ended in 1945 with the
unconditional surrender of the Axis powers.
• On 8 May 1945, the Allies accepted
Germany’s surrender, about a week after
Adolf Hitler had committed suicide.
• VE Day – Victory in Europe celebrates the
end of the Second World War on 8 May
1945.
• Street parties were held all over Britain to
celebrate the end of the war.

22. But ........
• Even though the war was officially at an end in
the Far East the war raged on, claiming more
lives.
• Japan, did not surrender at the same time as
Germany. It was able to hold out for another few
months. Atomic bombs were dropped on
Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9
respectively.
• After that the Imperial government sought the
Emperor's personal authority to surrender which
he granted. He made a personal radio address
announcing the decision.

23. Japan surrenders
• V-J Day - Victory in Japan Day.
• 15 August 1945 - Japan surrenders to the
Allies V-J Day (Victory in Japan)
• 2 September 1945 - Having agreed in
principle to unconditional surrender on 15
August 1945, Japan formally surrenders,
ending World War II throughout the rest of
the world.
• The surrender was signed on 2 Sept. 1945
aboard the battleship U.S.S. Missouri in
Tokyo Bay.

25. Solution
• The United Kingdom, France and the
United States wanted Germany to be a
strong demilitarized, democratic country.
• The Soviet Union, the strongest nations in
Europe after the war, wanted to see
Germany punished. They also wanted to
see them as a communist country.
• Germany was divided in ½.
– United Kingdom, France, and the United States
controlled a democratic Western Germany.
– The Soviet Union controlled a communist
Eastern Germany.

26. After WWII
• After the war the Allies (United
Kingdom, France, United States and
the Soviet Union) agreed to divide
Germany in half.
• U.K., France and U.S. controlled the
western portion. U.S.S.R controlled
the Eastern portion.
• They also divided the capital city of
Berlin.

29. Western Allies
U.K., France & U.S. Soviets
• Saw the division as a
temporary fix. • Wanted to make sure
they were not invaded
• Wanted Germany and again.
all of Europe to be
independent, free • Soviet troops moved
democracies into countries like
Poland, Romania,
Hungary and eastern
Germany.
• Set up Communist
governments that
controlled everything.