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Second World War
The document provides an overview of World War 2 from 1939-1945. It discusses the key combatant powers and timeline of major events including Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939, the turning point in 1941 when Germany invaded the USSR and Japan attacked Pearl Harbor bringing the US into the war, the Allied victories from 1942-1945 including D-Day and the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the consequences of the war including over 55 million deaths and the Holocaust which killed approximately 6 million European Jews.
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Second World War
- 1. Second World War(1939-1945) Hiroshima, 1945
- 2. Second World War(1939-1945) Combatant powers and features of the war War in Europe (1939-1941) The turning point 1941 The victory of the Allies (1942-1945) The consequences of the war The Jewish Holocaust
- 3. Second World War(1939-1945) Combatant powers YEAR THE ALLIES THE AXIS POWERS 1939 FRANCE, BRITAIN GERMANY 1940 BRITAIN GERMANY, ITALY 1941 1945 BRITAIN, USSR, USA, FRANCE (1945) GERMANY, ITALY (until 1943), JAPAN
- 4. Second World War(1939-1945) Features of the war Genuine world war: Europe, Africa, Asia, the Atlantic, the Pacific, the Mediterranean Sea… More than 100 million soldiers More 800 million civilians suffered Sixty countries were involved in the war
- 5. Second World War(1939-1945) Features of the war Duration of the war • Traditionally, 1939-1945 • Some scholars claim that this idea corresponds with a «Western view of history», for them WWII actually started in 1937 when Japan invaded China • Any way, we will stick to the traditional notion: 1939-1945
- 6. Second World War(1939-1945) Features of the war Totalitarian regimes: atrocities (Jewish and Gypsy holocaust, Soviet prisoners starvation…) Allies: bombing civil population, atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Sufering of the civil population Deportation: millions of refugees Powerful and sophisticated weapons
- 7. Second World War Warin Europe (1939-1941) Sept. 1939 Invasion of Poland 1940 Denmark Norway Holland Belgium France 1940 Occupied France & «France» of Vichy 1941 Nazi invasion of the Balkans 1940 Battle of Britain
- 8. Invasion of Poland 1939 •German attack, 1/9/1939 • Soviet troops marched into Poland, 17/9/1939 (and the Baltic States later) • October 1939, Poland completely invadid Second World War War in Europe (1939-1941)
- 9. Second World War Warin Europe (1939-1941)
- 10. Second World War Warin Europe (1939-1941) Hitler in Poland
- 11. Second World War Warin Europe (1939-1941) ) «We are going to Poland to trash the Jews»
- 12. Second World War Warin Europe (1939-1941) Sept. 1939 Invasion of Poland 1940 Denmark Norway Holland Belgium France 1940 Occupied France & «France» of Vichy 1941 Nazi invasion of the Balkans 1940 Battle of Britain
- 13. Nazi invasions in WesternEurope (1940) • One after the other: Denmark, Norway, Holland, Belgium and France Second World War War in Europe (1939-1941)
- 14. Second World War Warin Europe (1939-1941) Paris, 1940
- 15. Second World War Warin Europe (1939-1941) Occuppied and annexed France / «France of Vichy»
- 16. Second World War Warin Europe (1939-1941) Hitler and Pétain, 24 October 1940
- 17. Second World War Warin Europe (1939-1941) Hitler and Franco, 23 October 1940
- 18. Second World War Warin Europe (1939-1941) Sept. 1939 Invasion of Poland 1940 Denmark Norway Holland Belgium France 1940 Occupied France & «France» of Vichy 1941 Nazi invasion of the Balkans 1940 Battle of Britain
- 19. Battle of Britain(1940) • Churchill, new British PM • German air attacks on Britain • Britain resisted. The only power that faced Hitler in that moment Second World War War in Europe (1939-1941)
- 20. Second World War Warin Europe (1939-1941) Winston Churchill British Prime Minister
- 21. Second World War Warin Europe (1939-1941)
- 22. Second World War Warin Europe (1939-1941)
- 23. Second World War Theturning point (1941) 22/06/1941 German invasion of the USSR «Operation Barbarossa» German quick advance 7/12/1941 Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, main US naval base in the Pacific The US and USSR entrance in WWII was the turning point of the war 1941-1942 Axis’ advances continued
- 24. Operation Barbarossa • 22June 1941 • 4 million Axis soldiers invaded the USSR • Soviet army pushed back up to Leningrad (Saint Petersburg), Moscow and Ukraine Second World War The turning point (1941)
- 25. Second World War Theturning point (1941)
- 26. Second World War Theturning point (1941)
- 27. Second World War Theturning point (1941) Terrible repression against Soviet citizens and Jews
- 28. Second World War Theturning point (1941) The Soviet army almost collapsed
- 29. Attack on PearlHarbor • 7 December 1941 • Japan and US at war • Japan continued conquering new territories in Southeastern Asia and the Pacific Second World War The turning point (1941)
- 30. Second World War Theturning point (1941)
- 31. Second World War Theturning point (1941)
- 32. Second World War Theturning point (1941) British Singapore surrender
- 33. Second World War Theturning point (1941) American Philippines surrender
- 34. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-19145) 1942-1943 Midway, Stalingrad, El Alamein 1943 Mussolini dismissed Italy invaded by the Allies and the Germans June 1944 Normandy landing («D Day») Allies invaded France August 1945 Hiroshima and Nagasaki US Atomic Bombs Japan surrendered The war is over 1944-1945 Soviets invaded Germany and took Berlin (April- May 1945) Germany capitulated
- 35. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945) Midway Pacific June 1942 Stalingrad Eastern Front August 1942 – February 1943 El Alamein Norhern Africa October – November 1942 The beginning of the end of the war
- 36. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies(1942-1945) Allied invasion. Coup in Rome. Mussolini dismissed by the king German commando liberated Mussolini Italy invaded by Germany. Mussolini established a Fascist regime in the North Allies advanced slowly towards Northern Italy 1943 1943-1945
- 37. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945)
- 38. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945)
- 39. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945)
- 40. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945)
- 41. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945)
- 42. «D Day» -Normandy landings • Allies disembarked in Normandy and Marseille • Allies conquered France • Allies started attacking Western Germany Second World War The victory of the Allies(1942-1945)
- 43. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945)
- 44. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945)
- 45. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945) Liberation of Paris 25 August 1944
- 46. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945) Charles de Gaulle, Liberation of Paris 25 August 1944
- 47. Soviet advance towards Germany •From Stalingrad, continuous Soviet advances • The Red Army conquered the Baltic states, Poland, the Balkans Second World War The victory of the Allies(1942-1945)
- 48. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945)
- 49. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945) German population fleeing from the Soviet army
- 50. Soviet and Western advancetowards Germany • Battle of Germany (1944-45) Soviets from the East, Westerners from the West • Hitler commited suicide • Berlin conquered by the Soviets • Unconditional surrender ( 7-8 May 1945) Second World War The victory of the Allies(1942-1945)
- 51. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945) Soviet soldiers in the Battle of Berlin
- 52. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945) Hitler commited suicide on 30th April 1945
- 53. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945)
- 54. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945) German capitulation 7-8th May 1945
- 55. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945) German capitulation 7-8th May 1945
- 56. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945) German capitulation 7-8th May 1945
- 57. The end ofthe war • Japan went on fighting • New American president, Truman, decided to use a terrible new weapon • August 1945, atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki • 2nd September 1945, Japan surrendered. The war was over. Second World War The victory of the Allies(1942-1945)
- 58. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945) Hiroshima after the bomb
- 59. Second World War Thevictory of the Allies (1942-1945) Japanese capitulation 2nd September1945
- 60. Consequences • Death toll:55 million plus injured, maimed, orphans, widows… • Material devastation, especially in the USSR, Eastern Europe, Germany and Japan • Some Western European and Asian areas were also ruined. Second World War The consequences of the war
- 61. The Conference ofYalta • Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill met in Yalta few months before the end of the war • They agreed on dividing Germany in four occupation zones (British, American, French and Soviet) • They agreed on holding free elections in the liberated countries, but Stalin did not meet this compromise Second World War The consequences of the war
- 62. Second World War Theconsequences of the war Conference of Yalta, February 1945
- 63. Second World War Theconsequences of the war Japanese capitulation 2nd September1945
- 64. Second World War Theconsequences of the war Stalin poster in Unter den Linden Berlin 1945
- 65. Second World War Theconsequences of the war French troops parade in Berlin
- 66. Second World War Theconsequences of the war
- 67. Second World War Theconsequences of the war British troops parade in Rome
- 68. Changes in Europe’smap • Soviet Union recovered the former Tsarist Empire frontiers and expanded towards the East • Poland was «pushed» towards the West, giving eastern lands to the USSR and annexing former German territories • Central and eastern Europe under Soviet rule Second World War The consequences of the war
- 69. Second World War Theconsequences of the war Soviet troops entering Lodz (Poland) 230.000 Jews were exterminated in that Polish city
- 70. Second World War Theconsequences of the war Poland was «pushed eastwards»
- 71. Second World War Theconsequences of the war Soviet expansion in Central Europe after WW2
- 72. Aftermath of WWII •Europe, as a continent, was the great loser • USA and USSR became the two «superpowers» • Cruelty, genocide, atomic bomb… • United Nations were founded in 1945 maintain international peace and protect human rights Second World War The consequences of the war
- 73. Second World War Theconsequences of the war San Francisco Conference 1945 Foundation of the UN
- 74. The Holocaust or «Shoah» •Nazi extermination of Jews and other peoples (Gypsies) carried out by Nazi Germany • About 6 million (out of 9 million) European Jews were exterminated • 40.000 facilites in Nazi occupied Europe to concentrate, hold and exterminate Second World War The Holocaust
- 75. The Holocaust • Notonly Jews were exterminated • Romani (Gypsy) people was also mass murdered, alongside disabled people, Soviet prisoners, Polish and Soviet civilians and homosexuals. • Recent data show that more than 11 million civilians and prisoners from eastern Europe countries were murdered Second World War The Holocaust
- 76. Antisemitism in Nazi Germany •Antisemitic propaganda (Goebbels) • Nüremberg Laws (1935) Jews were deprived of their German nationalisty, Interracial marriages were forbidden • Kristallnacht or “Crystal Night” (1938) huge «pogrom» all over Germany Second World War The consequences of the war
- 77. Second World War TheHolocaust Nüremberg Laws, 1935
- 78. Second World War TheHolocaust Nüremberg Laws, 1935
- 79. Second World War TheHolocaust Nüremberg Laws, 1935
- 80. Second World War TheHolocaust Kristallnacht or “Crystal Night”, 1938
- 81. Second World War TheHolocaust Kristallnacht or “Crystal Night”, 1938
- 82. Second World War TheHolocaust Kristallnacht or “Crystal Night”, 1938
- 83. Second World War TheHolocaust Nazi antisemitic propaganda
- 84. The Holocaust inWWII • From 1941 on, Nazis came to control most of central and eastern Europe • Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, the Baltic states, Russia had important Jewish minorities that in certain areas made up the majority of the population • Wannsee Conference 1942 Final solution to the «Jewish Problem» Second World War The consequences of the war
- 85. Second World War TheHolocaust Millions of Jews were caught by the Nazi expansion
- 86. The Holocaust inWWII • Overcrowded Ghettos in the cities • Concentration camps Slave labour until they died of exhaustion or disease • SS Einsatzgruppen mass shootings • Extermination camps Industrial murder of Jews and other inmates in gas chambers • «Research» on human beings Second World War The consequences of the war
- 87. Second World War TheHolocaust Warsaw ghetto
- 88. Second World War TheHolocaust Einsatzgruppen in action
- 89. Second World War TheHolocaust Jews sent to extermination camps
- 90. Second World War TheHolocaust Jews arriving in Auschwitz extermination camp
- 91. Second World War TheHolocaust Bergen Belsen concentration camp after the liberation
- 92. Second World War TheHolocaust Josef Mengele carried experiments on inmates in Auschwitz