1. The document discusses different forms of energy including mechanical, heat, chemical, radiant, electrical, sound, and nuclear energy. 2. It explains that energy from the sun is transferred through a food chain from plants to animals and is measured in calories. Stored energy from the sun can be found in fossil fuels. 3. Potential energy is stored energy due to position, while kinetic energy is the energy of motion. The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, just converted from one form to another.

1. Work, Force, and Energy Thermochemistry

2. Work, Force, and Energy

3. Work, Force, and Energy Work is only accomplished when a force moves an object some distance Force = a push or a pull Work = Force x distance Energy = the ability to do work The Newton – meter = the joule

4. Energy from the Sun

5. Energy from the Sun Plants are the only organisms that can make their own food. These are called autotrophs Plants use sunlight, water, and minerals to make food in a process called Photosynthesis The transfer of energy from the Sun, to the plants, to the animals is called a Food Chain . Animals are Heterotrophs .

6. Energy From the Sun The amount of energy food contains is measured in Calories A Calorimeter is used to measure the energy in food. Stored energy from the Sun is found in the form of Fossil Fuels .

7. Potential and Kinetic Energy

8. Potential and Kinetic Energy Potential Energy is stored energy, or energy of position. A book lifted to the edge of a table has Potential Energy . Kinetic Energy is the energy of motion. A battery has Chemical potential energy.

9. Seven forms of energy

10. Seven forms of energy The seven forms of energy are: Mechanical Heat Chemical Radiant Electrical Sound Nuclear

11. Seven forms of energy Mechanical energy is the energy of motion. Heat energy is related to the movement of the particles that make up matter. Electrical energy is the movement of electrons. Radiant energy includes light, x-rays, and radio waves.

12. Seven forms of energy During Photosynthesis carbon dioxide, minerals, and water are turned into Glucose (which is a sugar) and oxygen.

13. Seven forms of energy Nuclear energy has to do with the nucleus.

14. Law of Conservation of Energy

15. Law of Conservation of Energy The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed just converted from one form to another.

16. Law of Conservation of Energy When we lift a ball to a certain point, we have given it Potential energy. When we release the ball, the potential energy is converted to Kinetic energy.

17. Measuring Energy Changes

18. Measuring Energy Changes Friction is defined as the resistance to relative motion between two bodies in contanct. A Newton moved for one meter = one Joule (J)

19. Measuring Energy Changes The energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius is 4.19 J. This is equal to 1 calorie . 1000 calories = 1 kilocalorie = 1 Calorie

20. 1. The energy in food is measured in _____. A) watts B) newtons C) calories D) coulombs

21. 2. Another word for a joule is a Newton-meter. A) true B) false

22. 3. Energy from the Sun is stored in _____. A) nitrogen B) uranium C) fossil fuels D) nuclear fuel

23. 4. Which has the greatest amount of potential energy? A) a cat standing on a dining room table B) a cat laying under a dining room table C) a cat chasing a mouse in the kitchen D) a cat up a tree

24. 5. Mechanical energy is the energy of _____. A) motion B) sunlight C) a battery D) the nucleus

25. 6. In which form is energy from the light of the Sun? A) sound B) radiant C) chemical D) mechanical

26. 7. According to the Law of Conservation, energy can be neither created nor destroyed. It can, however, be _____. A) turned into gravity B) stored in generators C) converted to another form D) totally used up in industry

27. 8. Heat energy is associated with _____. A) the movement of atoms B) dissipation of heat and light C) absorption of heat and light D) conversion of heat into light

28. 9. Potential energy is defined as _____. A) energy which is stored B) energy released by foods C) energy of moving objects D) energy released by chemicals

29. 10. What is the standard scientific unit (SI unit) for measuring energy or energy change? A) BTU B) joule C) calorie D) kilocalorie