This document provides information about wood, including its structure, categories, properties, defects, harvesting, and innovative uses. It discusses how wood is made of cellulose, lignin, and hemicellulose. Wood is categorized into hardwoods and softwoods depending on whether they are broad-leaved or needle-leaved trees. The document also outlines the complex journey wood takes from the tree to final applications in homes, furniture and other structures. Finally, it presents interesting facts about wood consumption and the world's most expensive wood, African Blackwood.

1. WOOD Coral A Mitchel
Antonio Blake
Delroy Garrison

2. What is wood
• Wood is a naturally formed material

3. Structure of wood

4. The history of wood
The Spanish galleon Charcoal produc
The Spanish galleon Charcoal production in 18th century England
Noah’s Ark

5. Wood; Here and now

6. The future of wood
• When we think of advanced materials;
some things that might come to mind are
carbon fibre, super alloys or Nano-
materials. Most often, wood will not be
high on that list. Although wood is not
new, some advanced engineering is
making it perform new tasks.

7. The future of wood
Engineered wood products with
greater strength and durability

8. The chemistry of wood
mbium
vascular cambium
The cells are made of three substances called
cellulose (about 50%), lignin (which makes up a
fifth to a quarter of hardwoods but a quarter to a
third of softwoods), and hemicellulose (the
remainder). Broadly speaking, cellulose is the
fibrous bulk of a tree, while lignin is the adhesive
that holds the fibres together.

9. Properties of Wood
• Strength
• Durability
• Adoptive /water
• Good insulator/ energy
• Environmentally friendly/ renewable resource

10. Wood defects
• Knots
• cracks
• fungal damage
• warping
• slanting of grain
• wormholes

11. Categories of wood
• Wood is divided into two distinct
categories called hardwood and softwood,
though confusingly the names don't
always refer to its actual hardness or
softness

12. Hardwoods and softwoods
Hardwood
• broad-leaved (deciduous)
• drop their leaves each fall
• known as angiosperms
• seeds are encased in fruits
or pods
 Examples include ash,
beech, birch, mahogany,
maple, oak, teak, and walnut
Softwood
• evergreen (coniferous)
• have needles and cones and
retain those year-round
• called gymnosperms
 Examples include cedar,
cypress, fir, pine, spruce,
and redwood.

13. The harvesting and
production of
wood• How does wood get from the tree to the roof of your
house, your bookshelf, or the chair you're sitting on
or even the very bed you sleep in?
• It is a longer and more complex journey than you
might think that takes in harvesting, seasoning,
preserving and other treatment and cutting.
• THIS VIDEO WILL SHOW YOU HOW

14. SEASONING OF
WOOD/TIMBER/LUMBER/BOARD
• Air Seasoning, Kiln Seasoning, Solar
Seasoning and Microwave Seasoning

15. Applications of
wood

16. INNOVATIVE USES OF WOOD

17. A BOOST: G.M. WOOD
• genetically modified trees under experimental
development have been modified with traits
intended to provide benefit to industry, foresters or
consumers
• GM trees in silviculture consist of plantation trees,
such as eucalyptus, poplar, and pine. In essence
genetically modified trees produces genetically
modified wood.

18. genetically modified trees

19. AN INTERESTING FACTS
• . “The total world consumption of wood is
3.500 million cubic meters and approx. 55%
of this is for use as fuel for cooking and
heating. Some 30% is harvested for sawn
timber and another 15% is harvested directly
for making paper and board. All leftovers
from trees cut for the sawmill industry (tree
tops, saw dust, etc.) are also used for
making pulp and paper.”

20. AN INTERESTING FACTS #2
• The Wold’s Most Expensive Wood
• The African Blackwood or Mpingo, as the natives of
Tanzania call it - is considered a threatened species. It is
also the most expensive tree in the world. Mpingo once
grew in southern Ethiopia and Kenya, but can now only
be found in Tanzania and northern Mozambique. It is a
slow-growing tree that survives on little water. It doesn’t
compete with corn, coffee or bananas and even fixes
nitrogen in soil. The world’s most expensive wood
commands a price commensurate with its utility and
rarity—$25,000 per cubic meter.

21. “African Blackwood”
• A clarinet, sold by Musik Productiv, made
of African Blackwood

22. WHAT “WOOD” YOU DO?

23. IF THERE WAS NO CONCRETE

24. IF THERE WAS NO PLASIC

25. IF THERE WAS NO
CERAMICS

26. IF THERE WAS NO GLASS

27. IF THERE WAS NO ASPHALT

28. IF THERE WAS NO
METAL/IRON

29. “WOOD”
• A POEM ENJOY.
MOVING
• AS WE CLOSE OUR PRESENTATION

30. • A. Goldsworthy, An appreciation of wood from one of our leading "nature-sculptors.
• Thames & Hudson, 2010 /Article, Retrieved on March 12, 2015 from
www.explainthatstuff.com/wood.htm
• H. Johnson, Trees: A Lifetime's Journey Through Forests, Woods and Gardens 2010,
University of California Press. Accessed on March 13, 2015
• J. Guiles, Evaluating the Environmental Performance of Wood Building Materials; The
State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry,
undated /article/ Accessed March 13, 2015 from
http://www.esf.edu/ecenter/eis/woodmaterials.htm
•
• R. B. Hoadley, Understanding Wood: A Craftsman's Guide to Wood Technology, 2nd
edition Taunton 2000, Internet Version 2015. Retrieved March 15, 2015 from
http://www.tauntonstore.com/understanding-wood-2nd-edition-r-bruce-hoadley-
070490.html