The document provides information about different types of wooden flooring including laminated, vinyl, engineered, solid wood, bamboo, and parquet flooring. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each type as well as commonly used wood types for flooring like oak, maple, pine, and bamboo. It also outlines the sizes, prices, and installation methods for different wood flooring options.

1. WOODEN FLOORING
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2. TABLE OF CONTENT
• INTRODUCTION
• TYPES of WOODEN FLOORING
• COMMONLY USED WOOD FOR FLOORING
• WOOD USED FOR FLOORING
• Sizes
• Price
• METHOD OF FIXING THE WOODEN FLOORING
• PROCESSING ( How Wood Floors Are Made)
• Some popular brands
• LAMINATE WOODEN FLOORING COST
• YOUTUBE VIDEOS LINKS

3. INTRODUCTION
• Wooden flooring is any product
manufactured from timber that is
designed for use as flooring either
structural or aesthetic.
• Wood is a common choice as a flooring
material due to its environmental profile
durability and restorability, thus it
provides value many home owners such
are extensively available in many styles,
colours, cuts and species

4. TYPES WOODEN FLOORING
• LAMINATED WOODEN FLOORING
• VINYL FLOORING
• ENGINEERING WOODEN FLOORING
• SOLID WOODEN FLOORING
• BAMBOO FLOORING
• PARQUET FLOORING

5. Laminated wooden flooring
• Laminate flooring is a synthetic flooring material which is manufactured by fusing
multiple layers which include an HDF core, a moisture resistant bottom layer and a
photographic image of real wood with a protective overlay. The inner core layer is
usually composed of melamine resin and fiber board materials .
• Laminate flooring has grown significantly in popularity, perhaps because it may be
easier to install and maintain than more traditional surfaces such as hardwood
flooring.. It may also have the advantages of costing less and requiring less skill to
install than alternative flooring materials. It is reasonably durable, hygienic (several
brands contain an antimicrobial resin), and relatively easy to maintain
• Application-
• Living areas
• Study room
• playrooms
• Some laminate floors include a waterproof core, which manufacturers claim are suitable for
bathrooms and kitchens

6. ADVANTAGES
• The faux wood effect of laminate
flooring means that you get a floor
with all the aesthetic benefits of
wood, but without the hassle of
upkeep and at a cheaper price.
• It is easy to install.
• The surface is also less prone to scuffs
and scratches, meaning it is a long-
lasting and durable product.
• A wide variety of imitations of natural
materials are available (from wood to
stone).
DISADVANTAGES
• Even the best laminate flooring won’t
look or feel exactly like the real thing.
• If it isn’t laid well, it can look shabby.
• The joins wear over time, and once the
surface is damaged it is difficult to fix.
• Moisture swells it easily and the
damage is irreversible.
• It cannot be sanded or refinished, like
solid hardwood, which means it must
be replaced.

7. VINYL FLOORING
• Along with laminate, vinyl is one of the most popular
floor types. It is adaptable and comes in a fabulous
range of designs and finishes.
• Vinyl is highly resilient, which means it can be used
to simulate a variety of designs including ceramic,
hardwood, marble and stone.
• Owing to its durability and versatility, vinyl
flooring works well in both home and commercial
interiors. It can be used in kitchens, bathrooms and
bedrooms alike.

8. ADVANTAGES
• Vinyl is very durable. It stands up to ordinary
wear and tear, and it avoids scrapes and
marks.
• It is inexpensive, which is why it is a favourite
for many homeowners.
• Installation is quick, since it doesn't involve
any complex procedures; this can save money
on labour costs.
• It comes in a variety of designs and styles to
match any interior, commercial or residential.
• It is resilient and easy to maintain, as well as
being slip-resistant (great for pets and
children).
DISADVANTAGES
• Vinyl floors do not stand up well to
very heavy loads (therefore, they are
unsuitable for industrial spaces), and
they can be marked by sharp objects
such as high heeled shoes.
• Colours can fade over time with too
much exposure to direct sunlight; for
this reason, vinyl is not
recommended as an outdoor surface.

9. ENGINEERING WOODEN FLOORING
• Engineered wood flooring is composed of two or more layers of wood in the
form of a plank. • The top layer (lamella) is the wood that is visible when the
flooring is installed and is adhered to the core.
• The increased stability of engineered wood is achieved by running each layer
at a 90° angle to the layer above.
• Each floor board consist of three or four layers of wood, glued together at
right angle to create a plank around 40mm thick.
• It can be used anywhere it won’t be exposed to water or a humid atmosphere.
It is time-consuming, fiddly and noisy to lay wood on stairs, and in some
places it is hard to achieve a good finish – for instance, around toilet pans and
pedestals.
• It is hard to achieve a good finish for instance, around toilet planks and
pedestals and it is mostly used in chemical laboratories
• This stability makes it a universal product that can be installed over all types
of subfloors above, below or on grade. Engineered wood is the most common
type of wood flooring used globally.

10. ADVANTAGES
• It is more resistant to moisture and
heat compared to solid hardwood.
• It’s construction method makes it more
stable than a piece of solid wood; it is less
likely to buckle or gap.
• You can install engineered hardwood
flooring at any level, including below
ground. In contrast, solid hardwood floors
cannot be installed in basements.
• It is more attractive than laminate
flooring and cheaper than comparable solid
wood planks.
• It is highly durable and long-lasting
DISADVANTAGES
• There are very few drawbacks,
but tongue-and-groove is harder to
install than click-lock.
• It can be a lot more expensive than
laminate

11. SOLID/HARDWOOD FLOORING
• Each board is made from a single piece of wood, typically 18-20mm thick. It has a
classic appeal which never goes out of style, is long lasting. The drawback is that it is
very expensive, it has the tendency to swell in moist conditions and shrink in dry
conditions. Some of the most popular species of wood that are used for hardwood
flooring include oak, maple, cherry, walnut and mahogany.
• It is usually fitted using tongue-and-groove.
• Solid wood flooring can be sanded back to restore the finish – the number of times is
determined by how deep the tongue is set from the top of the board.
• It can be used anywhere with a relatively constant atmosphere, particularly in hallways
and living areas where you can show it off.

12. ADVANTAGES
• It has many aesthetic benefits and,
for this reason, solid hardwood floor
can add value to a property.
• Solid hardwood floors can be sanded
down and refinished regardless of
how long they have been installed;
this can restore the original finish
after scuffs or scrapes.
• Solid hardwood tends to outlast
other hardwood floor types
DISADVANTAGES
• Solid hardwood swells in damp
conditions and shrinks in dry ones.
• It is difficult to install because it has
to be glued or nailed down, and
fitting the boards together can be
tricky because they change shape
once they have been manufactured.
• It is generally the highest price for
entry level products.

13. Bamboo Flooring
• Bamboo is a highly sustainable material because it comparatively grows much
faster than hardwood trees.
• Bamboo floor planks are manufactured by compressing bamboo fibres under
high temperature and pressure.
• This material is naturally resistant to moisture so it inhibits the growth of mould
and mildew. Although bamboo is a form of grass, the larger bamboos are known
as bamboo trees because of their tree-like appearance.

14. ADVANTAGES
• Eco-friendly and sustainable flooring option
• Inexpensive choice compared to hardwood flooring
• Strand Woven bamboo is extremely tough and
durable – can be used in commercial areas
• Can be used in versatile ways (in conservatories, with
underfloor heating)
• Either float over an underlay of fix to the subfloor
• Easy to look after and maintain
• Available in different colours, styles, finishes and
sizes
• Matching bamboo flooring accessories to
complement your floor
• Hygienic and great for allergy sufferers
DISADVANTAGES
• Cannot be used in bathrooms or
rooms with excessive water
• Not waterproof
• The surface can scratch if objects are
dragged across it

15. PARQUET FLOORING
• Parquet flooring owes the origins of its name
to the French word, parqueterie, and dates
back to the 1600s. Typically laid in a
geometric, angular style, squares, lozenges
and triangles often feature in traditional
parquet flooring. Sometimes referred to as
mosaic flooring, parquet flooring is
appreciated for its decorative effect. Parquet
flooring can be made from solid and
engineered wood these days.

16. ADVANTAGES
• Parquet flooring is elegant and adds
warmth and beauty to most interior
settings.
• It is relatively easy to maintain.
Abrasive materials can’t be used to
clean it, but regular sweeping and
cleaning using compatible products
keeps parquet flooring looking its best.
• It is durable and long-lasting.
• Parquet flooring adds value to your
home.
DISADVANTAGES
• Parquet flooring is susceptible to scratches
and scuffs from small sharp objects, such as
high-heeled stilettos. Once damaged, it can
be difficult to repair and restore the floor
back to its original look.
• When exposed to sunlight, parquet flooring
can fade.
• Like all wood flooring, parquet flooring
is subject to damage from moisture and
humidity.
• It requires frequent upkeep—it is
important to polish, sand and seal as
required; if this is not done, the floor will
look dull and tired over time.

17. COMMONLY USED WOOD FOR FLOORING
• Oak
Oak tree wood (known as baloot in Hindi)
is the most common type of wood used
for hardwood flooring in India and
elsewhere in the world. This is due to its
high resistance to nicks, dents, scratches,
and other forms of external irritation.

18. Maple
Its unique selling point is the grain pattern that gives a
more enhanced effect when compared with its oak
counterpart. Similar to other kinds mentioned in this list,
maple is also quite durable and resistant to most weather
conditions including rains.
Pine
Pine flooring is particularly easy to refinish because it’s
so soft, you can sand it with ease. That means you can
even do spot treatments if you find yourself needing
them, although you may want to hire a professional to
ensure that the finish is blended seamlessly.

19. Bamboo
Bamboo has been used as an alternative for flooring
because of its physical similarities to true hardwoods.
Bamboo floor manufacturers and sellers promote its
strength, durability, its eco-friendliness and its natural
resistance to insects and moisture.
Ply Wood
Plywood floors are suitable for any room where you’d
otherwise install hardwood, though kitchens and
bathrooms are less desirable since frequent water spills
are likely. Basements are not recommended for plywood
flooring because they’re typically a bit damp, and a
concrete floor can transfer moisture from the soil to the
plywood, which could cause it to delaminate and swell
over time.

20. MDF
Less expensive than other flooring materials.
Easy to work with.
Surprisingly stable and solid.
Looks good, feels good underfoot and has held up better
than expected (especially in the lower-traffic areas).
Has a monolithic look similar to concrete but with the
warmth and softness of wood.
Mahogany
Mahogany hardwood is characterized by its rich,
brown-red color and striped look. Mahogany wood is
known for its hardness and long life.
Mahogany hardwood flooring is very durable and lasts
for a lifetime. Mahogany hardwood floors give your
house a rustic and classic look

21. WOOD USED FOR SOLID WOOD FLOORING
• American Walnut
Sizes available (in mm)
• 18mm x 123mm x 600
• ₹450/ Sq ft-₹575/ Sq ft-
• Burma Teak
Sizes available (in mm)
• 18mm x 123mm x 910mm
• ₹280/ Sq ft-₹999/ Sq ft
• Natural Oak
Sizes available (in mm)
• 18mm x 123mm x 600
• ₹320/ Sq ft-₹575/ Sq ft
• Maple
Sizes available (in mm)
• 18mm x 123mm x 910mm
• ₹310/ Sq ft-₹450/ Sq ft

22. WOOD USED FOR ENGINEERED WOOD
FLOORING
• Oak Natural
Sizes available (in mm)
• 14/3mm x 190mm x 1800mm
• 14/3x 150mmx1800mm
• ₹200/ Sq ft- ₹700/ Sq ft
• Burma Teak
Sizes available (in mm)
• 14/3mm x 190mm x 1800mm
• ₹350/ Sq ft- ₹500/ Sq ft
• American Walnut
Sizes available (in mm)
• 14/3mm x 190mm x 1800mm
• ₹350/ Sq ft- ₹525/ Sq ft
• Oak Graphite
Sizes available (in mm)
• 14/3mm x 190mm x 1800mm
• ₹500/ Square Feet

23. WOOD USED FOR LAMINATE WOOD
FLOORING
• Sapele
Sizes available (in mm)
• 8mm x 193mm x 1220mm
• ₹70/ Sq ft- ₹450/ Sq ft
• Maple
Sizes available (in mm)
• 8mm x 193mm x 1220mm
• ₹60/ Sq ft- ₹400/ Sq ft
• Oak Earthy
Sizes available (in mm)
• 8mm x 193mm x 1220mm
• ₹60/ Sq ft- ₹400/ Sq ft

24. METHOD OF FIXING THE WOODEN FLOORING
FOR INTERIOR SPACES
• I would like to explain the main fitting
method available in India:
1. TONGUE AND GROOVE
2. CLICK OR WOOD LOCK SYSTEMS
3. FLOATING INSTALLATION
4. GLUE DOWN METHOD
5. NAILED

25. TONGUE AND GROOVE
One side and one end of the plank have a groove the other side and end have a tongue. The
tongue and groove fit roughly together thus joining or aligning the planks and are not
visible. Tongue and groove flooring can be installed by glue down, floating or nail down.

26. CLICK OR WOOD LOCK SYSTEMS
• There are a number of patented click system that now exist this click systems are either
unilin or fiboloc. A click floor is similar to tongue and groove but instead of fitting directly
into the groove, the board must be angled or tapped into make the curved or barbed
tongue fit into the modified groove. No adhesive is used when installing a click floor,
making board replacement easier. This system not only exist for engineer wood floors.

27. FLOATING INSTALLATION
A floating installation is where the flooring is laid
down in glue less manner on top of a layer of
underlay. The individual planks are locked together
using a wood lock system, and they are not glued
nailed down to the sub floor. By doing this the floor
is floating above the underlay, and can be laid on
top of existing tile or marble, without the risk of
damaging the subfloor

28. GLUE DOWN METHOD
Wooden flooring can be installed utilizing the glue
down method. This is an especially popular method for
solid parquet flooring installations on concrete sub
floors. additionally, engineered wood flooring may use
the glue down method as well. A layer of mastic is
placed ion to the subfloor using a trowel similar to
those used in laying ceramic tile. The wood pieces are
the laid on top of them. Glue and hammered into place
using a rubber mallet

29. NAILED
Nailing is the traditional method used to fit wooden floors.
It is involves what is known in trade as ”secret nailing”.
Means putting nails through the tongue of the wooden boards
these nails are covered when the groove is butted up to the
board.
Nailed floor can be laid over timber battens, directly on to the
timber floor joist after fitting a layer of plywood or an oriented
strand board(OSB).

30. PROCESSING
OF WOOD

31. Hardwood
Step 1: Drying the rough wood
The rough sawn wood arrives at the factory with excessive moisture that must be removed
from the wood before it is ready to be turned into hardwood flooring components. The dryer is
heated and extracts excess moisture from the wood over a period of 10-30 days, ensuring the
moisture content of the wood is lowered to around 7%.
Step 2: Standardize wood sizes
After the wood is dried is it then feed to conveyors that take the varying sized wood planks
through a machine that cuts the rough planks into standard-sized pieces. Standardizing the
planks to sizes that are used for wood flooring is crucial to being able to efficiently manufacture
wood flooring in volume

32. Step 3: Removing defects
Once the rough lumber is sized, the planks are manually trimmed to remove
defects. Things such as cracks and large knots are removed from planks to ensure
the resulting wood flooring will be strong and long-lasting.
Step 4: Moulding the floor planks
Using a sophisticated moulder machine, each plank is given a tongue and
groove edge. One side of the floor plank is shaped with a tongued edge and the other
with a matching groove indentation.
Step 5: Quality checks
Throughout the entire process of making hardwood flooring, staff continually
makes visual quality checks to ensure that no abnormal flooring moves to the next
step of the process.
Step 6: Sorting by grade and colour
The wood planks are trimmed of any additional imperfections, then sorted and
grouped by grade and colour variations.

33. Step 7: End tongue and grooves
Next, the planks are given tongue and groove treatments to
the ends of each piece. These tongue and groove modifications
allow each wood floor plank to be properly joined to the end of
another piece of flooring when being installed.
Step 8: Final check and sorting
Each piece of flooring is visually checked again for quality
and grade before grouped for finishing.

34. Engineered Wooden Flooring
Step 1: Selection of logs
Good quality log can produce good quality wood flooring, wood quality is
essential on the quality of the floor.
Step 2: Slicing logs into veneer
This process used to manufacture engineered flooring core and substrate, the
substrate quality is very important for the flooring, especially on the stability.
The rotary cut veneer is 1.5mm thickness and it need get dry after cutting.
Step 3: Separation of core layer
In order to ensure the quality of each piece of flooring, we need select
uniform thickness, no defects, no broken boards as the substrate

35. Step 4: Gluing core boards
Gluing will be done by professional equipment which can ensure gluing
uniformity, improve efficiency.
Step 5: Pressing core
Hot pressing is an important process for engineered flooring and it is
directly related to the quality of the floor.
Step 6: Sanding substrate
sand the surface and bottom of substrate at accurate thickness to ensure
board flatness and surface smoothness, thereby enhancing the accuracy of
the flooring, and providing a reliable warranty for pressing the veneer of
rare wood species on the substrate.
Step 7: Conditioning of substrate
After the initial processing is completed, it will be careful hand sorting
to remove unqualified products. After a high temperature and pressure, a
larger substrate stress is inside of the substate, so it needs a balance for 15
to 20 days to release of this internal stress, making the substrate balance
and stability.

36. Step 8: Selection of wood veneer
In order to prevent cracking problems in the dry season, engineered flooring
surface is the high quality, rare wood species and low moisture content wood
veneers.
Step 9: Constructing the flooring board
glued the veneers with environmentally friendly adhesive on the substrate and
press it to get the flooring plank.
Step 10: Tongue and Groove
After conditioning, the plank will be ready for Tongue and Groove. The accuracy
of milling will decide the quality of flooring as well. Bothbest used the Homag
machine which was imported from Germany and is the number 1 milling
machine in the flooring industry.

37. Bamboo Hardwood Floors
Step 1: Creating strips
Once harvested and moved to the factory, the round bamboo trunks are
cut into strips. The strips of heavy fibers are stacked together in
preparation for pressure treating.
Step 2: Pressure-treating
The stacks of bamboo strands are put into an oven and steamed under
very high pressure, in order to carbonize the bamboo fibers and infuse
them with a warm dark coffee color.
Step 3: Drying
Similar to making hardwood flooring, the bamboo fibers are then put into
warm dryers to remove excess moisture from the strands.

38. Step 4: Gluing
Large batches of the bamboo fibers are then soaked in eco-friendly glue, then grouped
together in bundles and placed in large square molds. The bamboo strands are then
compressed under high pressure, forming large beams of solid bamboo wood planks
that resemble railroad ties. The molds containing the bamboo fiber beams are then
baked for 24 hours and the wood is then removed from the molds and allowed to cure
for up to 6 weeks.
Step 5: Cutting into flooring boards
The large bamboo beams are then sent through a large crosscutting saw that cuts
multiple flooring sized boards from the molded beams in one pass. Once cut into
flooring sized planks, the rough cut bamboo flooring is then set aside for another few
weeks to cure more.
Step 6: Finishing
The rough bamboo flooring planks then go through a finishing process that is similar
to making hardwood floor. The finishing of bamboo floors go through multiple sanding,
staining and varnishing stages. Finally, the last stage of the finishing process involves
the click or tongue and groove molding that prepares the bamboo flooring for
installation.

39. SOME POPULAR BRANDS
• Action Tesa
• Greenly
• Lamiwood
• BVG
• Marco Polo
• Krono Tex, Krono Swiss, Krono Original.
• Pergo
• Quick Step

40. LAMINATE WOODEN FLOORING COST
 ROOM SIZE 10’X12’ =120 Sq ft
 COST PER Sq ft =₹132
=120X132
=₹15,840
RANGE COST
NORMAL AC3
LAMINATE WOOD
₹75-150/ Sq ft ₹80
WASTAGE 5% TO 10% ₹8
LABOUR COST ₹25-30/ Sq ft ₹30
POLYTHIN SHEET ₹6/ Sq ft ₹6
CUSHIONING FOAM ₹6-10/ Sq ft ₹8
PER Sq ft ₹132

41. YOUTUBE VIDEOS LINKS
• Action Tesa Laminated Wooden Flooring Installation Video
• How WOODEN FLOORS are made
• How To Install a Herringbone Wood Floor
• How to Install Bamboo Flooring (Tongue & Groove - Over Underlay)
• FLOORING BROCHURE
• ACTION TESA
• Greenly