An operating system manages computer hardware and software resources, provides common services to programs, and acts as an interface between the computer and user. The document discusses key operating systems Windows and Linux. It describes features of different Windows versions from 95 to 8 and popular Linux distributions like Ubuntu, Fedora, and Debian. It provides a comparison of Windows and Linux on aspects such as bundled software, drivers, price, reliability, hardware support, security, open source nature, support and software costs. Linux is typically more secure, open source, and free while Windows has broader hardware and software support.

1. OPERATING SYSTEM
WINDOWS
LINUX

2.  An operating system (OS) is software that
manages computer
hardware and software resources and provides
common services for computer programs and
provides you with the capability of
communicating with your computer.
An Operating System

3. Operating System

4. Operations Of OS
Start and shut down a computer
Coordinate Tasks
Establish An Internet Connection
Provide a user Interface
Configure Devices
Control a network
Manage Programs
Manage Memory
Provide Utilities

5. Operating System Classification
Operating system
Multiuser Multitasking Multiprocessing Multithreading
when two or more users
can work with programs
and share peripheral
devices (printer, scanner,
fax)
multiple applications
operated at the same
time
more than one CPUs
that can be shared
smaller parts of a program
are loaded when needed by
OS

6. Multi-user - A multi-user
operating system allows for
multiple users to use the same
computer at the same time
and/or different times example
(LINUX)
Multi-user

7.  An operating system that is capable of allowing
multiple software processes to run at the same time.
 Multitasking is a method where
multiple tasks are performed during the same
period of time – they are
executed concurrently instead of sequentially.
 The tasks share common processing resources,
such as a CPU and main memory.
Multi Tasking

8. Multiprocessing is the use of two or
more central processing units (CPUs)
within a single computer system.
 multiprocessor is a computer system
having two or more processing units
(multiple processors) each sharing main
memory and peripherals, in order to
simultaneously process programs
Multi Processing

9. Smaller parts of a program are loaded
when needed by OS
Operating systems that allow
different parts of a software program
to run concurrently
Multi Threading

10. MICROSOFT WINDOWS

11.  The history of Microsoft began on April 4, 1975, when it
was founded byBill Gates and Paul Allen in Albuquerque.
Microsoft Windows is a series of software operating
systems and graphical user interfaces produced by Microsoft.
Microsoft first introduced an operating environment
named Windows in November 20, 1985 as an add-on to MS-DOS
as windows 1.0
WINDOWS

12. VERSIONS OF WINDOWS
Windows 95
Windows 98
Windows Me
Windows XP
Windows 2000
Windows 2003

13. Windows 95 is a consumer-oriented
graphical user interface-based
operating system.
It was released on August 24, 1995 by
Microsoft.
WINDOWS 95

14. Windows 98 is a graphical operating
system by Microsoft.
It is the second major release in the
Windows 9x line of operating systems.
 It is a hybrid 16-bit/32-bitproduct with
an MS-DOS based boot loader. 11,
2006.
WINDOWS 98

15.  Released on 17 February 2000
 Windows 2000 is a line of operating
systems produced by Microsoft for use on
personal computers, business
desktops, laptops, and servers.
 The Windows 2000 Professional operating
system uses the NTFS standard for its file
system.
WINDOWS 2000

16.  It was first released in August 2001.
 Aero effect and Transparency Concept.
 First os to use
 Its codename is longhorn.
WINDOWS VISTA

17. It was first released in August 2001
First GUI operating system from
Microsoft.
The most noticeable change in
Windows XP is the user interface,
which includes a revised Start
menu and updated Task Bar.
WINDOWS XP

18. WINDOWS 7
Released on October22,2009,
• Nice Animation.
• Better Stability.
• Less Vulnerable.
• Great Aero Effects.

19.  Faster boot
 More Secure
 More diagnostics tools and repair
solutions.
 Pretty much the same speed using 8
as 7
WINDOWS 8

20. What is Linux?
Linux is a free Unix-type operating
system originally created by Linus
Torvalds developed under the GNU
General Public License and the source
code of which is freely available to
every one.

21. History
• GNU Project started in 1984 to create
“free” UNIX clone.
• LINUX kernel created by Finnish
college student, Linus Torvalds in
1991.
LINUS TORVALDS

22. VERSIONS OF LINUX
 SUSE
 FEDORA
 REDHAT
 DEBIAN
 UBANTU
 KNOPPIX
 SLACKWARE

23. SUSE
 SUSE is a German-based, multinational, open-
source software company that develops and
sells Linux products to business customers. Founded in 1992,
it was the first company to market Linux for the enterprise. It
is also the primary sponsor of the community-
supported open SUSE Project which develops the open
SUSE Linux distribution. The company is a wholly owned
subsidiary of The Attachmate Group.

24. Fedora
 Fedora (formerly Fedora Core) is an operating system based on the Linux kernel,
developed by the community-supported Fedora Project and owned by Red Hat.
Fedora contains software distributed under a free and open source license and
aims to be on the leading edge of such technologies.

25. Red Hat
 Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) is a Linux distribution developed by Red Hat and
targeted toward the commercial market. Red Hat Enterprise Linux is released in
server versions for x86, x86-64, Itanium, PowerPC and IBM System z, and
desktop versions for x86 and x86-64. All of Red Hat's official support and training
and the Red Hat Certification Program centers around the Red Hat Enterprise
Linux platform. Red Hat Enterprise Linux is often abbreviated to RHEL, although
this is not an official designation.

26. Debian
 Debian is an operating system which is primarily comprised
of free software, most of which is under the GNU General
Public License, and developed by a group of volunteers
which relies on the Internet to collaborate. This collective
group of individuals is known as the Debian project. Debian is
one of the most popular Linux distributions for personal
computers and network servers, and has been used as a base
for several other Linux distributions.

27. Ubuntu
 Ubuntu is a Debian -based Linux operating system,
with Unity as its default desktop environment (GNOME was
the previous desktop environment). It is based on free
software and named after the Southern African philosophy
of ubuntu (literally, "human-ness"), which often is translated
as "humanity towards others" or "the belief in a universal
bond of sharing that connects all humanity“.

28.  Knoppix, or KNOPPIX is an operating system based
on Debian designed to be run directly from a CD /DVD (Live
CD) or a USB flash drive (Live USB), one of the first of its kind
for any operating system. Knoppix was developed by Linux
consultant Klaus Knopper. When starting a program, it is
loaded from the removable medium and decompressed into
aRAM drive. The decompression is transparent and on-the-
fly.

29.  Slackware is a Linux distribution created by Patrick Volkerding in
1993.
 Slackware aims for design stability and simplicity and to be the
most "Unix-like" Linux distribution.It makes as few modifications
as possible to software packages from upstream and tries not to
anticipate use cases or preclude user decisions. In contrast to
most modern Linux distributions, Slackware provides no
graphical installation procedure and no automatic dependency
resolution of software packages.

30. WINDOWS VS LINUX

31. Windows 7 by default has very minimal
software set.
 The basic features – word processor, spread sheet
and a presentation software are not present.
 Need to purchase and install the MS Office suite
separately.
Bundled software

32. Linux comes with the Libre Office suite (a
Microsoft Office Equivalent) preinstalled.
 It also has F-spot, an image editing
program that and an Instant messaging
client called Empathy – that has chat
provisioning for Facebook, G-Talk,
Yahoo,MSN and VOIP capabilities all under
a single application
Bundled software

33. LIBRE OFFICE SUIT

34. LINUX- Biggest advantages of is its
built-in driver set.
The ability of automatically
downloading and installing them. This
includes the drivers for your webcam,
Wi-Fi, Ethernet Card, even your
printer or scanner
DRIVERS

35. Drivers is a big pain that comes when
completing a fresh install of Windows 7.
Need to download all the drivers required
for all the softwares like webcam, Wi-Fi,
Ethernet Card, printer or scanner.
DRIVERS

36. LINUX
The majority of Linux variants are
available for free or at a much lower
price than Microsoft windows.
PRICE

37. WINDOWS
As compared to linux the price of
windows is much more higher.It can
run between $100 - $200 US per each
license copy.
PRICE

38. LINUX
The majority of Linux variants and
versions are notoriously reliable and
can often run for months and years
without needing to be rebooted .
RELIABILITY

39. WINDOWS
Windows has made great
improvements in reliability over the
last few versions of windows it still
can’t match the reliability of Linux.
RELIABILITY

40. LINUX
Although hardware manufacturers have
made great advancements in supporting
Linux it still will not support most hardware
devices.
For the hardware devices that have driver
support, they will usually work in all versions
of Linux.
HARDWARE

41. WINDOWS
Because of the amount of Microsoft
Windows users and the broader driver
support, Windows has a much larger
support for hardware devices and
almost all hardware manufacturers will
support their products in Microsoft
Windows.
HARDWARE

42. LINUX
Linux is and has always been a
very secure operating system. It
still can be attacked when
compared to Windows, it is much
more secure than windows.
SECURITY

43. WINDOWS
Microsoft has made great improvements
over the years with security on their
operating system, their operating system
continues to be the most vulnerable to
viruses and other attacks.
SECURITY

44. LINUX
Many of the Linux variants and many
Linux programs are open source and
enable users to customize or modify
the code however they wish to.
OPEN SOURCE

45. WINDOWS
Microsoft Windows is not open
source and the majority of
Windows programs are not
open source.
OPEN SOURCE

46. LINUX
Although it may be more difficult to find
users familiar with all Linux variants,
there are vast amounts of available
online documentation and help,
available books, and support available
for Linux.
SUPPORT

47. WINDOWS
Microsoft Windows includes its own
help section, has vast amount of
available online documentation and
help, as well as books on each of the
versions of Windows.
SUPPORT

48. LINUX
Many of the available software programs,
utilities, and games available on Linux are
freeware or open source.
 Programs such as Gimp, Open Office, Star
Office, and wine are available for free or at a
low cost.
SOFTWARE COST

49. WINDOWS
Although Windows does have software
programs, utilities, and games for free, the
majority of the programs will cost
anywhere between $20.00 - $200.00+ US
dollars per copy.
SOFTWARE COST

51. Windows Linux
Estimated Desktop Usage
Share
84.07% (w3counter) 1.71% (w3counter)
Server market share 73.9% (officially registered) 21.2% (officially registered)
Top 500supercomputer
operating system family share
1.0% (absolute 5) 91.0% (absolute 455), the 14 fastest
supercomputers run Linux
Market Share

52. CONCLUSION