This document compares Linux and Windows operating systems. It discusses their origins, differences in being open source versus proprietary, graphical user interfaces, available applications, hardware support, ease of use, distributors, pricing, and security considerations. While Linux is free and open source, Windows has a larger user base and more available software. Both systems have advantages and continuing development will impact their future positions relative to one another.

1. By- Sukhdeep Singh Univ.Roll no. - 1144460 CSE-N1-115301

2. Introduction to Linux & Windows
Fundamental Difference
Technical Comparison
Graphical user Interface
Comparison of Applications
Distributors
Price Comparison
Security
CONCLUSION

5.  Linux was originally built by Linus Torvalds at the
University of Helsinki in 1991.
 Linux is a Unix-like, Kernel-based, fully memory-
protected, multitasking operating system.
 It runs on a wide range of hardware from PCs to Macs.

7.  First version of Windows – Windows 3.1 released in
1992 by Microsoft.
 Windows is a GUI(Graphical User Interface) based
operating system.
 It has powerful networking capabilities, is
multitasking, and extremely user friendly.

9. One fundamental difference between the two systems is
the fact that Linux is "open source".
Open source means any PC can be booted with USB
support with the system and therefore we will have
every administration and analysis applications that we
have selected, so we will need not install it.
Unlike Windows which has to be installed on the system
to only get access to run compiled programs on it.

11.  Linux has a large variety of available software programs,
utilities, and games. However, Windows has a much larger
selection of available software.
 Because of the large amount of Microsoft Windows
users, there is a much larger selection of
available software programs, utilities, and games for
Windows.

12.  Linux companies and hardware manufacturers have made
great advancements in hardware support for Linux and
today Linux will support most hardware devices. However,
many companies still do not offer drivers or support for
their hardware in Linux.
 Because of the amount of Microsoft Windows users and
the broader driver support, Windows has a much larger
support for hardware devices and a good majority of
hardware manufacturers will support their products in
Microsoft Windows.

14.  Although the majority Linux variants have improved
dramatically in ease of use, Windows is still much
easier to use for new computer users.

15. Microsoft has made several advancements and changes
that have made it a much easier to use operating
system, and although arguably it may not be the easiest
operating system, it is still Easier than Linux.

17.  Linux falls short in the number of different
applications available for it.
 There are much more various applications available for
Microsoft since the population of Window’s users is
greater than Linux’s.
 Since Microsoft is more popular, the Hardware
products are aimed at the biggest market – Windows,
such that the product would be sold and used widely.

18.  Linux programs are distribute freely since they are not
developed by commercial software companies, but
instead are created under the GNU Public License,
which makes the software free
 Linux software lacks the GUI and is therefore not
“liked” by many users.
 Windows has its own share of problems – the fact that
some software is not compliant for different versions of
windows (i.e. Windows 95/98) and that many times
the GUI concept is overused such that command
arguments cannot be passed to the program.

20. Most common Distributors are ubuntu & redhat

21. Microsoft has Authorized Embedded Distributors in countries.
is the sole authorized Microsoft distributor in INDIA

23. •Linux is a Free & Open source operating System
can be downloaded over the internet anytime.
•Linux global community is made up of thousands of
people who help to build the best open-source
operating system in the world by sharing their time
and skills.Shared efforts. Shared principles. So No
cost.

24.  Microsoft Windows has various retail costs as:
Window 7 Home Basic 4070/-
Window 7 Home Premium 5200/-
Window 7 Professional 8200/-
Window 7 Ultimate 8650/-
*Windows legal free online downloads are not available.

26. Linux is "virus-free"
All the technical glitches can be overwritten by a clever
programmer. If at all any virus is spread, since things are
open and people have access to all the source ..
immediately a cure will be available because there is a
huge developer base in the bazaar .. so it is not worth
spending time in writing a virus .. and another point is
people will be more interested in some thing which are
hidden .. other wise there is no challenge in breaking an
open box .. !!!

27. "Virus free" is not true at all.
However, virus (writers) have a harder time in a Linux
environment.
1) Linux distros don't run as admin/root by default (and you
really don't need to run as admin to be productive in Linux)
2) Linux distros have secure file permissions by default. That
means an "infected user" will not disrupt other users or "the
system".
3) Linux approach to security is to make it the highest priority,
even above usability.
4) Open source and full disclosure lead to quick patches/fixes

28. Antivirus Soft wares are required for the removal &
repair of VIRUS and VIRUS infected files in Windows.
Norton and McAfee are popular Antivirus Sofwares.

29. Conclusion
Well that’s all ,I have presented my findings on the
topic of Linux v/s Windows, although it is by no
means an easy topic to research, it is a very interesting
one to look into and there is a seemingly infinite
amount of published material out there about the
subject which will always leave you wanting to know
more.
Broadly Concluding Linux & Windows have head
to head rivalries both being Best on their own basis
& REAL CONCLUSION can be made by coming time only.