This document summarizes information about wind energy and wind turbines. It explains that wind is caused by uneven heating of the earth's surface by the sun. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical or electrical energy. There are two main types of wind turbines: horizontal axis wind turbines (HAWT) and vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT). HAWTs have the rotor and generator at the top of a tower and must face the wind, while VAWTs can accept wind from any direction but are less efficient. Wind turbines work by using the wind to turn blades connected to a generator to produce electricity without pollution. India has over 20,000 MW of installed wind power generation capacity across its states.

1. Wind energy

2. WIND ENERGY
PRESENTED BY:
Mr.Burungale Dhanaji Shivaji.

4. WIND ENERGY
 Wind energy is a converted form of solar energy.
 The sun's radiation heats different parts of the earth
at different rates-most notably during the day and
night, but also when different surfaces (for example,
water and land) absorb or reflect at different rates.
 This in turn causes portions of the atmosphere to
warm differently.
 Hot air rises, reducing the atmospheric pressure at
the earth's surface, and cooler air is drawn in to
replace it.
 The result is wind.

5. WIND TURBINES
• Wind turbines are a rotating machine that will spin and
convert kinetic energy from the rotation in the wind into
mechanical energy or electricity to use to power your
house or anything else.
• There are various type of wind turbines these days.
• If they power machines directly such as a well pump
then they are considered wind mills.
• If the energy produced is instead converted to electricity
then the source is considered a wind turbine or wind
generator.
• Wind Turbines have subcategories like
 Horizontal Wind Turbines
 Vertical Axis Wind Turbines

6. HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBINE
 HAWT have the main rotor shaft and electrical
generator at the top of a tower
 must be pointed into the wind.
 Small turbines are pointed by a simple wind vane,
while large turbines generally use a wind sensor
coupled with a servo motor.

7. HORIZONTAL-AXIS WIND TURBINES
Small (<10 kW)
• Homes
• Farms
• Remote Applications
(e.g., water pumping,
Telecom sites, ice
making)
Large (250 kW-2+ MW)
• Central Station Wind Farms
• Distributed Power
• Schools
Intermediate(10-
250 kW)
• Village Power
• Hybrid Systems
• Distributed
Power

8. VERTICAL-AXIS WIND TURBINES
 Vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWT) use rotors that run
vertically.
 Three well-known types of VAWTs are the
1. Darrieus Wind Turbine - a model that collects
wind in cups dragging a turbine around,
and that looks much like a 'giant eggbeater
2. Giromill Wind Turbine - a subtype of Darrieus
turbine with straight, as opposed to
curved, blades.
3. Savonius Wind Turbine - a dragtype devise
consisting of two or three scoops causing a turbine to
spin,

9. VERTICAL-AXIS TURBINES
Advantages
 Omni-directional
 accepts wind from any
direction
 Components can be
mounted at ground level
 ease of service
 lighter weight towers
 Can theoretically use less
materials to capture the
same amount of wind
Disadvantages
 Rotors generally near ground
where wind is poorer
 Centrifugal force stresses
blades
 Poor self-starting capabilities
 Requires support at top of
turbine rotor
 Requires entire rotor to be
removed to replace bearings
 Overall poor performance and
reliability

10. HOW DO YOU CONVERT WIND INTO
ELECTRICITY???
 Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the
wind into mechanical power.
 This mechanical power can be used for specific
tasks (such as grinding grain or pumping water) or
a generator can convert this mechanical power
 wind turbine works the opposite of a fan.
 Instead of using electricity to make wind, like a fan,
wind turbines use wind to make electricity. The
wind turns the blades, which spin a shaft, which
connects to a generator and makes electricity.

11. HOW THE DOES A WIND TURBINE WORKS?
Wind turbines operate on a simple principle:
The energy in the wind turns the propeller-like blades
around a rotor. The pitch of the blades makes optimum use
of the wind direction.
The rotor is connected to the main drive shaft, which spins
a generator to create electricity.
Wind turbines are mounted on a tower to capture the most
energy. At 30 metres or more above ground, they can take
advantage of faster and less turbulent wind.
Wind turbines can be used to produce electricity for a
single home or building, or they can be connected to an
electricity grid for more widespread electricity distribution.

14. WIND POWER GENERATION IN INDIA
STATE POWER (MW)
Andra Pradesh 2000
Gujrat 3100
Karnatak 4120
Kerala 1380
Madhya Pradesh 1920
Orrisa 840
Rajasthan 1210
Tamil Nadu 1900
West Bengal 1180
Other State 2150
TOTAL 20000

15. LARGE WIND TURBINES
 Common Utility-Scale Turbines
• 328’ base to blade
• Each blade is 112’
• 200 tons total
• Foundation 20’ deep
• Rated at 1.5-2
megawatts
• Supply about 500
homes

16. GENERAL ADVANTAGES
 Wind energy is friendly to the surrounding environment,
as no fossil fuels are burnt to generate electricity from
wind energy
 Wind turbines requires less space than average power
stations.
 When combined with solar electricity, this energy source
is great for developed and developing countries to
provide a steady, reliable supply of electricity
Lowest prices renewable resources
Don’t produce atmospheric emissions that cause acid
rains and green house effects

17. GENERAL DISADVANTAGES
 The main disadvantage regarding wind power is
down to the winds unreliability factor. In many
areas, the winds strength is not enough to
support a wind turbine
 Wind turbines generally produce allot less
electricity than the average fossil fuelled power
station, which means that multiple wind turbines
are needed to make an impact.

18. Jaisalmer wind farm
[The 2 largest off shore wind farm in the world]

19. London Array
[Worlds largest on shore wind farm]

20. Thank you