The document defines key terms related to HIV/AIDS such as HIV, AIDS, the difference between HIV and AIDS, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It then provides a short history of HIV/AIDS in the Philippines and discusses modes of HIV transmission including unprotected sex, infected blood, and mother-to-child transmission. It explains principles of HIV transmission and how to avoid infection through abstinence, monogamy, condom use, and avoiding drug use. The importance of testing is discussed. Finally, it summarizes Republic Act 8504 or the Philippine AIDS Prevention and Control Act of 1998 which established policies for HIV prevention and protection of confidentiality.

2. I. DEFINITION OF TERMS
- What is HIV
- What is AIDS
- What is the difference of HIV and AIDS
- What is STI
II. SHORT HISTORY OF HIV/AIDS in the Philippines
III. WHAT ARE THE MODES OF TRANSMITTION OF HIV/AIDS
IV. PRINCIPLES OF TRANSMISSION
V. HOW TO AVOID GETTING INFECTED
VI. WHY IS GETTING TESTED SO IMPORTANT
VII. WHAT IS RA 8504

3. Source: Global Report
UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic | 2012
Increasing >25 %
Stable
Decreasing <25%
Insufficient data

4. Almost 4 million PLHIV in South and SE Asia

5. As much as 38 million PLHIV around the world

6. • 1984 :first reported Filipino HIV case
• 52,993 :projected Number of People Living
with HIV by the end of 2015
• 30,356 :total Reported Cases from 1984 to
December 2015
• 27,804 :HIV cases
• 2,552 :AIDS cases
• 8,094 (28%) :Young people 15-24 years
old
HIV Data Sources:
Philippine HIV/AIDS Registry (as of February 2015)
Philippine Integrated HIV Behavioral & Serological Surveillance
EPP/Spectrum, UNAIDS Software
Quick Glance at the Philippines HIV Profile

7. The Growing Challenge on HIV
17 Filipinos reported
to be infected for
life per day
2014:
2015 : 1 infection per hour
13 Filipinos reported to
be infected for life
per day
2013:
9 Filipinos reported to be infected
for life per day
2012:
2 Filipinos reported to be infected for life per day2009:
1 Filipino reported to be infected for life per day2007:

8. HIV & AIDS NEC DATA

9. DEFINITION OF TERMS
•What is HIV
•What is AIDS
•What is the difference
of HIV and AIDS
•What is STI

10. What is HIV?
• H - Human which means that this virus can only infect
human beings.
• I - Immuno-deficiency which means that the effect of the
virus is to create a deficiency, or a failure to work properly,
within the body’s immune system.
• V- Virus which means that this organism is a virus, which got
one characteristics that it is incapable of reproducing by
itself. It reproduces by taking over the machinery of the
human cell.
• HIV is the virus that causes AIDS.

11. Inside the body, HIV at work
• HIV attaches to host cell
• HIV enters host cell
• Viral DNA is formed
• Viral DNA integrates
• Viral RNA makes proteins
• New HIV forms (buds)
• New HIV released

12. What is AIDS?
• A -Acquired which means that it is a condition one must
acquire or get infected with; not something transmitted through
the genes.
• I -Immuno which means that it affects the body’s immune
system, the part of the body which usually works to fight off
germs such as bacteria and viruses.
• D - Deficiency which means that it makes the immune system
deficient (makes it not work properly)
• S - Syndrome which means someone with AIDS may
experience a wide range of different diseases and opportunistic
infections.
• AIDS is caused by several Opportunistic Infections.

13. Progression from HIV to AIDS

14. What are
Opportunistic
Infections?
In our bodies, we carry many
germs -- bacteria, protozoa, fungi,
and viruses. When our immune
system is working, it controls
these germs. But when the
immune system is weakened by
HIV disease or by some
medications, these germs can get
out of control and cause health
problems.
Infections that take advantage of
weakness in the immune
defenses are called
"opportunistic." The phrase
"opportunistic infection" is often
shortened to "OI."

15. What are
Opportunistic
Infections?
Lung infection
(ex. TB)
Fungal infections
Swollen lymph
nodes
Kaposi’s
sarcoma,
shingles

16. What is STI?
Sexually Transmissible Infection (STI)
is an infection that can be passed on
through vaginal, anal or oral sex. Most
STIs are transmitted through the
exchange of sexual fluids, but some can
be passed on through skin to skin
genital contact.

18.  Trichomonas Genital herpes
 Genital warts
 Genital
molluscum
 HIV
 Hepatitis B & C*
 Gonorrhea
 Syphilis
 Chlamydia
 Chancroid
ProtozoalViralBacterial
 Candidiasis
Skin ParasitesFungal
 Pubic Lice
 Scabies
passed on by close
body contact & do
not require actual
penetrative
intercourse
Common Sexually Transmitted Infections

19. Common Sexually Transmitted Infections
Gonorrhea
Syphilis
Chlamydia
Chancroid

20. Common Sexually Transmitted Infections
Herpes
Warts
Molluscum
HIV
Hepatitis B and C

21. Common Sexually Transmitted Infections
Candidiasis Pubic Lice
Scabies
Trichomonas

23. Reminders on STI and HIV Management
• Every sexual activity is exposure to a variety of
possible infections.
• Co-infections and multiple infections are common.
• Some infections may present symptoms, others may
not.
• People with STI and/or HIV who don’t have
symptoms are still infectious.

24. HIV is transmitted sexually
HIV attacks the immune system
HIV infection has a long
asymptomatic period (no showing
any symptoms)
HIV infection has no cure (but has
treatment)

25. SHORT HISTORY OF HIV/AIDS in the
Philippines

27. Modes of HIV Transmission
Sexual Contact
(Penetrative Unprotected Sex)

28. Modes of HIV Transmission
Infected Blood and blood products
(Blood transfusion from an HIV-infected donor &
sharing of infected syringes and needles)

29. Modes of HIV Transmission
Mother to Child
(From an HIV-infected mother to her child)
During pregnancy natural delivery breast-feeding

30. BODY FLUID
with Concentration of HIV
BLOOD
SEMEN
BREAST MILK
VAGINAL FLUID

31. PRINCIPLES OF HIV TRANSMISSION
EXIT
Where the virus leaves the body (blood, semen,
vaginal fluid, breast milk)
SURVIVAL
The ability of the virus or microorganism to thrive
in an environment
SUFFICIENCY OF QUANTITY
The amount of virus or microorganism sufficient to
cause infection
ENTRY
Where the virus enters the body (lining of the
vagina, rectum, opening of the urethra in males,
wounds or breaks in the skin)

32. HOW TO AVOID GETTING INFECTED
ABSTINENCE: Do not have sex. In the case of
adolescents, delaying sexual debut (age of first
sexual encounter) will help.
BE monogamous: Have ONE sexual partner
Correct and consistent use of CONDOM and
safer sex practices
DO NOT inject Drugs
Avoid intoxication from drugs or alcohol
Education & Early detection
Equip with the right knowledge to protect
oneself from HIV

33. HIV is NOT Transmitted through these…

34. The Philippine
AIDS Prevention
and control act of
1998 (AIDS LAW)
R.A. 8504

35. WHAT IS RA 8504?
• In 1998, Republic Act (R.A.) No. 8504 or the Philippine AIDS Prevention and
Control Act of 1998 was passed into law, mandating the promulgation of
policies and prescription of measures for HIV prevention and control in the
country, putting into place a nationwide information and educational program,
setting up a comprehensive AIDS monitoring system, and strengthening the
PNAC.
• In 1999, the PNAC developed the 3rd AIDS Medium Term Plan (AMTP),
covering the year 2000 to 2005. The Implementing Rules and Regulations
(IRR) for R.A. 8504 were also drafted and approved. Collaboration with the
Philippine Information Agency on an STI/AIDS mass media campaign as well
as with NGOs targeting vulnerable groups was strengthened; and the AIDS
monument was unveiled. Manila hosted the ASEAN GO/NGO Community
Partnership on AIDS Prevention Education and Treatment on November 20-22.
• As the century came to a close in 2000 the Philippines published its First HIV
and AIDS Country Profile.

36. WHAT IS RA 8504?
Education and
Information
Safe Practice and
Procedure
Testing, Screaning
and Counseling
- Voluntary
- Pre & Post Test
counseling
Health and
Support
Services
Monitoring
Confidentiality
PNAC
(Philippine
National AIDS
Council)
Discrimanatory
Acts and
Policies

37. WHY IS GETTING TESTED SO IMPORTANT?
• You may live only for about 10 years because you are not
tested and treated
• Most people will suffer with many illnesses
• You may pass HIV to your loved ones without knowing it
• Worst of all when you die your child may not have
anyone to look after them
• You can get medicines called ARVs (Anti Retro Viral) that
can help you live much longer and help decrease the
spread of HIV to others

38. HIV Testing Process
Clients Profile
Pre test
Counseling
Blood Extraction
Release of the
Result
a. NON-REACTIVE
- release result with post
test counseling
b. Reactive –
or confirmatory within
two weeks
c. Release of Positive
result with post-test
counseling
with referral to medical
specialist and treatment
hub

39. may
HIV
kaya
ako?
 Nakipag-sex nang walang proteksyon sa
iba’t ibang kapareha
 May kapareha na nakikipag-sex din sa iba
nang walang proteksyon
 Nakipag-sex sa kapwa lalaki
 Nagkaroon na ng tulo o iba pang sexually
transmitted infection
 Nagturok ng droga gamit ang karayom na
nagamit na ng iba
 Nasalinan ng dugo na hindi sigurado ang
pinanggalingan
Kung isa sa mga ito ay aking nagawa,
dapat na akong MAGPA-TEST

40. whitedovecommunitycareinc@gmail.com
(63) 929-1559912 / (63) 977-2505066