This document provides information about HIV and AIDS. It discusses how HIV is transmitted, the symptoms of HIV/AIDS, testing and treatment options, and prevention strategies. It aims to increase awareness of HIV and reduce stigma by educating about the virus. It highlights that HIV is mainly spread through unprotected sex and sharing needles, but cannot be spread through casual contact. Treatment involves antiretroviral drugs that suppress HIV but do not cure it. Ways to prevent transmission include getting tested, practicing safe sex, limiting partners, and avoiding needle sharing.

1. HIV & AIDS
PRESENT BY GROUP 2 of BSN 1B
HIV & AIDS

2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
Learn and understand the
topic
HIV awareness
Help to stop stigma about
HIV and AID

3. HUMAN
IMMUNODEFICIENCY
VIRUS
One of the Sexually transmitted Infection/Diseases
(STI/ STD). A type of STI where virus that goes in the
body attack cell that are responsible for our immune
system

4. SOME POSSIBLE SYMPTOMPS OF
HUMAN
IMMUNODEFICIENCY
VIRUS
Sweats, Chills, Recurring fever, Chronic diarrhea, Swollen
lymph glands, Persistent white spots or unusual lesions on
your tongue or in your mouth. Persistent, unexplained
fatigue, Weakness Weight loss, Skin rashes or bumps,
*If you think you may have been infected with HIV or are
at risk of contracting the virus, see a health care provider
as soon as possible.

5. MORE TYPE OF
SEXUALLY
TRANSMITTED
INFECTION
Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Trichomoniasis, Genital warts,
Genital herpes, Pubic lice, Syphilis, Human
papillomavirus (HPV)
*MANY STIS HAVE NO SYMPTOMS AT ALL, LIKE HIV. THE ONLY WAY
TO KNOW FOR SURE IS TO GET TESTED.

6. SOME OF THE SYMPTOMPS
SEXUALLY
TRANSMITTED
INFECTION
STI symptoms vary from rashes, to pain when passing
urine, discharge from the penis, vagina or anus, and
lumps, or sores on the genitals and anus. Some
symptoms may also be internal - for example, pain
inside your stomach, testes, pelvic or rectal area. Some
STI has no symptomps the only way to know you have
an infection is to get an STI test.

7. AIDS is the name used to describe a number of
potentially life-threatening infections and illnesses that
happen when your immune system has been severely
damaged by the HIV virus.
ACQUIRED IMMUNE
DEFICIENCY
SYNDROME

8. DIFFERENCE OF HIV TO AIDS
A person's body can become infected with the HIV
virus, which can then progress to stage 3 HIV,
commonly known as acquired immunodeficiency
syndrome (AIDS). HIV is diagnosed differently from
AIDS because AIDS only manifests after HIV has
seriously compromised the immune system. It is a
complicated illness with unique symptoms for every
individual. While AIDS cannot be transmitted from 1
person to another, the HIV virus can.

9. HOW IS HIV TRANSMITTED OR OBTAIN?
ANAL SEX
ORAL SEX
VAGINAL SEX
PREGNANCY
WORK
SHARING NEEDLES
The person-to-person spread of HIV is called HIV
transmission. People can get or transmit HIV only through
specific activities:
*HIV IS NOT SPREAD BY: AIR OR WATER. MOSQUITOES, TICKS, OR
OTHER INSECTS. SALIVA, TEARS, SWEAT, FECES, OR URINE THAT IS
NOT MIXED WITH THE BLOOD OF A PERSON WITH HIV

10. HIV can be transmitted only in certain body fluids from a person who
has HIV:
● Blood
● Semen
● Pre-seminal fluids
● Rectal fluids
● Vaginal fluids
● Breast milk
FLUID THAT MAY CONTAIN HIV

11. HOW DO I KNOW IF I HAVE HIV?
HIV doesn't always show because sometimes acute
HIV can be asymptomatic or mild and may be
mistaken for another viral illness. The only way to
know for sure if you have HIV is to get tested. A
blood or saliva test can detect those antibodies to
determine if the virus is present.

12. TYPE OF HIV TESTING
FACILITY-BASED TESTING
COMMUNITY-BASED SCREENING
HIV SELF-SCREENING
The Philippines continues to see a worrying upsurge of HIV
cases, so, here are some of the HIV testing options that are
available and are being planned in the Philippines.

13. WHAT HAPPENS IF YOU HAVE HIV?
HIV attacks a specific type of immune system cell in
the body. It’s known as the CD4 helper cell or T cell.
When HIV destroys this cell, it becomes harder for the
body to fight off other infections. Without treatment
the virus will destroyed a certain number of CD4 cells
and when the CD4 count drops below 200, a person
will have progressed to AIDS in which, the immune
system will become severely damaged, and life-
threatening illnesses such as cancer and severe
infections can occur.

14. MEDICAL TREATMENT OF HIV?
There is no cure for HIV infection. It is treated with
antiretroviral drugs, which stop the virus from
replicating in the body.
Current antiretroviral therapy (ART) does not cure
HIV infection but allows a person’s immune system
to get stronger. This helps them to fight other
infections.
Currently, ART must be taken every day for the
rest of a person’s life.

15. WHEN TO GO SEXUAL CLINIC
you have symptoms of an STI •a sexual partner has
symptoms of an STI.
you're worried after having sex without a condom
you're pregnant with symptoms of an STI
.

16. REPUBLIC ACT 8504 THE PHILIPPINES AIDS PREVENTION
AND CONTROL ACT OF 1998
AN ACT PROMULGATING POLICIES AND PRESCRIBING
MEASURES FOR THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF
HIV/AIDS IN THE PHILIPPINES, INSTITUTING A NATIONWIDE
HIV/AIDS INFORMATION AND EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM,
ESTABLISHING A COMPREHENSIVE HIV/AIDS MONITORING
SYSTEM, STRENGTHENING THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL AIDS
COUNCIL, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

17. HOW CAN A PERSON REDUCE THE RISK
OF GETTING HIV?
PRIMARY HIV
PREVENTION
activity focused
on preventing
uninfected
people
becoming
infected.
SECONDARY HIV
PREVENTION
TERTIARY HIV
PREVENTION
enabling people
with HIV to stay
well (e.g. testing
to allow people to
know their status;
welfare rights
advuce; lifestyle
behaviour; anti-
discriminatory
lobbying.
minimise the
effects of ill-
health
experienced by
someone who is
symptomatic
with HIV
disease

18. GET TESTED FOR HIV
CHOOSE LESS RISKY
SEXUAL BEHAVIORS
USE CONDOMS EVERY
TIME YOU HAVE SEX
LIMIT YOUR NUMBER
OF SEXUAL PARTNERS
HOW CAN A PERSON REDUCE THE RISK
OF GETTING HIV?
Talk to your partner
about HIV testing and
get tested before you
have sex. Use the
GetTested locator
from the Centers for
Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC) to
find an HIV testing
location near you.
HIV is mainly spread
by having anal or
vaginal sex without a
condom or without
taking medicines to
prevent or treat HIV.
Most condoms are
highly effective in
preventing HIV and
certain other
sexually transmitted
diseases (STDs), like
gonorrhea and
chlamydia.
The more partners
you have, the more
likely you are to
have a partner with
poorly controlled
HIV or to have a
partner with a
sexually transmitted
disease (STD). Both
of these factors can
increase the risk of
HIV.

19. TALK TO YOUR
HEALTH CARE
PROVIDER ABOUT
PRE-EXPOSURE
PROPHYLAXIS (PREP)
GET TESTED AND
TREATED FOR STDS
DO NOT INJECT
DRUGS
But if you do, use
only sterile drug
injection
equipment and
water, and never
share your
equipment with
others.
HOW CAN A PERSON REDUCE THE
RISK OF GETTING HIV?
PrEP is an HIV prevention option
for people who do not have HIV but
who are at risk of getting HIV. PrEP
involves taking a specific HIV
medicine every day to reduce the
risk of getting HIV through sex or
injection drug use. For more
information, read the HIVinfo fact
sheet on Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
(PrEP).
Insist that your
partners get tested and
treated, too. Having an
STD can increase your
risk of getting HIV or
spreading it to others.

20. Remember, prevention is key when it comes
to HIV. By following these prevention
strategies and practicing safe behaviors, you
can reduce your risk of HIV transmission and
protect your health.

21. The incubation period is from HIV
infection till development of AIDS.
It is from a few months to 10years or
even more.
However it is estimated that 75% of
people infected with HIV will develop
AIDS at the end of 10 years.
INCUBATION PERIOD

22. In the Philippines, 45.4 percent of women know of a
place where to get an HIV test. In CAR, 41.3 percent
of women know of a place where to get an HIV test.
Western Visayas (Region VI) had the highest
percentage of women (61.3 percent) who knew
where to get an HIV test.
HIV AWARENESS IN
THE PHILIPPINES

23. According to Philstar.com In 2021, there were only 3,871 AIDS
cases diagnosed. Sexual contact remains the most common
mode of HIV transmission in the 14,637 cases recorded in 2022.
Of that number, 10,006 infections were acquired through
male-to-male sex, 2,970 through heterosexual contact, and
1,661 cases through female intercourse.
CURRENT SITUATION OF
HIV IN THE PHILIPPINES

24. The primary objective of the Love Fund Program is
to help the indigent and economically-challenged
people living with HIV/AIDS. Its primary mission is
to provide medical support for the treatment of
opportunistic infections (OI), laboratory tests,
vaccinations, and hospitalization costs of ill
patients.
HIV ASSISTANCE PROGRAM
IN THE PHILIPPINES?

25. Department of Interior and Local Government
(DILG)
Philippine National AIDS Council (PNAC)
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine (RITM)
STI/AIDS Cooperative Central Laboratory
(SCCL)
Partner Organizations/Agencies:
The following organizations/agencies take part in achieving the
goal of the National HIV/STI Prevention Program:
PHILIPPINE GOVERMENT HIV PROGRAM

26. World Health Organization (WHO)
United States Agency for International
Development (USAID)
Pinoy Plus Association
AIDS Society of the Philippines (ASP)
Positive Action Foundation Philippines, Inc.
(PAFPI)
Action for Health Initiatives (ACHIEVES)
Affiliation Against AIDS in Mindanao
(ALAGAD-Mindanao)
PHILIPPINE GOVERMENT HIV PROGRAM

27. AIDS Watch Council (AWAC)
Family Planning Organization of the
Philippines (FPOP)
Free Rehabilitation, Economic, Education, and
Legal Assistance Volunteers Association, Inc.
(FREELAVA)
Philippine NGO council on Population, Health,
and Welfare, Inc. (PNGOC)
Leyte Family Development Organization
(LEFADO)
PHILIPPINE GOVERMENT HIV PROGRAM

28. Remedios AIDS Foundation (RAF)
Social Development Research Institute (SDRI)
TLF share Collectives, Inc.
Trade Union Congress of the Philippines
(TUCP) Katipunang Manggagawang Pilipino
Health Action Information Network (HAIN)
Hope Volunteers Foundation, Inc.
KANLUNGAN Center Foundation, Inc. (KCFI)
Kabataang Gabay sa Positibong Pamumuhay,
Inc. (KGPP)
PHILIPPINE GOVERMENT HIV PROGRAM

29. MYTH #1: HIV IS A DEATH SENTENCE.
MYTH #2: YOU CAN TELL IF SOMEONE HAS HIV/AIDS
BY LOOKING AT THEM.
MYTH #3: STRAIGHT PEOPLE DON’T HAVE TO WORRY
ABOUT HIV INFECTION.
MYTH #4: HIV-POSITIVE PEOPLE CAN’T SAFELY HAVE
CHILDREN.
MYTH #5: HIV ALWAYS LEADS TO AIDS
MYTH ABOUT HIV

30. MYTH #6: WITH ALL OF THE MODERN TREATMENTS,
HIV IS NO BIG DEAL.
MYTH #7: IF I TAKE PREP, I DON’T NEED TO USE A
CONDOM.
MYTH #8: THOSE WHO TEST NEGATIVE FOR HIV CAN
HAVE UNPROTECTED SEX.
MYTH #9: IF BOTH PARTNERS HAVE HIV, THERE’S NO
REASON FOR A CONDOM.
MYTH ABOUT HIV

31. “HIV does not make people dangerous to
know, so you can shake their hands and give
them a hug: Heaven knows they need it.”–
Princess Diana

32. THANK YOU!

33. MEMBERS
LOSERIAGA, CHAMPHIN
LUNA, JULIANA
MANAOIS, SHEILA
MAPULA, SHERVIN
MARQUEZ, JOAN
FRANCHESCA
MARTIN, PRINCESS
MEDINA, JANELLE
MIJARES, ALLYSA
MORALES, REGINE
VELASQUEZ, ELLENOR