HIV/AIDS among Persons aged 50 years and older
United States Population Boom
HIV/AIDS Risk Factors for Persons aged 50 years and older
Age-related Disparities in HIV/AIDS Prevention Barriers for Older Persons
Major Efforts to Address HIV/AIDS among Older Persons
Next Steps
The National HIV Prevention Inventory provides the first, comprehensive inventory of HIV prevention efforts at the state and local levels in the United States. Based on a survey of 65 health departments, including all state and territorial jurisdictions and six U.S. cities, the Inventory is intended to offer a baseline picture of how HIV prevention is delivered across the country in an effort to provide policymakers, public health officials, community organizations, and others with a more in depth understanding of HIV prevention and the role played by health departments in its delivery.
The Biopsychosocial-Spiritual Model of health takes a holistic approach to health that considers physical, mental, social, and spiritual well-being. It recognizes that illness may relate to spiritual concerns and addresses supporting the whole person through treatment, comfort, and spiritual/religious resources. Holistic nursing, inspired by Florence Nightingale, focuses on healing the whole person by considering all aspects of their life and environment.
AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
A pattern of devastating infections caused by the human immunodeficiency virus.
HIV, which attacks and destroys certain white blood cells that are essential to the body’s immune system.
HIV/AIDS is spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
The document discusses the history and transmission of HIV/AIDS, noting that the first case was reported in the US in 1981 and over 1 million people had been infected by 2001, with over 400,000 deaths. It emphasizes that HIV can infect anyone and explains that the virus is most often transmitted through unprotected sex and contact with infected bodily fluids. The text provides information on testing, treatment, and prevention methods like condom use and advises readers not to believe HIV is not serious, as there is currently no cure.
This document provides a basic overview of HIV/AIDS for students and the public. It defines key terms like HIV, AIDS, and opportunistic infections. It describes the progression of HIV from initial infection to AIDS, explaining how the virus attacks immune cells. The document outlines the main ways HIV is transmitted and discusses prevention methods like abstinence, safer sex practices, testing, and treatment options. Statistics on HIV trends worldwide and nationally are also presented, along with psychological and legal issues related to living with HIV/AIDS.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS, including:
- HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus and is transmitted between humans. It causes AIDS by weakening the immune system.
- AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and is the final stage of HIV infection where the immune system is severely damaged.
- HIV is found in certain body fluids and transmitted most commonly through unprotected sex and sharing needles. It cannot be transmitted through casual contact.
- Prevention methods include condoms, testing, treatment of other STIs, and education to reduce risk behaviors. While treatment can suppress HIV, there is currently no cure for AIDS.
The National HIV Prevention Inventory provides the first, comprehensive inventory of HIV prevention efforts at the state and local levels in the United States. Based on a survey of 65 health departments, including all state and territorial jurisdictions and six U.S. cities, the Inventory is intended to offer a baseline picture of how HIV prevention is delivered across the country in an effort to provide policymakers, public health officials, community organizations, and others with a more in depth understanding of HIV prevention and the role played by health departments in its delivery.
The Biopsychosocial-Spiritual Model of health takes a holistic approach to health that considers physical, mental, social, and spiritual well-being. It recognizes that illness may relate to spiritual concerns and addresses supporting the whole person through treatment, comfort, and spiritual/religious resources. Holistic nursing, inspired by Florence Nightingale, focuses on healing the whole person by considering all aspects of their life and environment.
AIDS stands for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus.
A pattern of devastating infections caused by the human immunodeficiency virus.
HIV, which attacks and destroys certain white blood cells that are essential to the body’s immune system.
HIV/AIDS is spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
The document discusses the history and transmission of HIV/AIDS, noting that the first case was reported in the US in 1981 and over 1 million people had been infected by 2001, with over 400,000 deaths. It emphasizes that HIV can infect anyone and explains that the virus is most often transmitted through unprotected sex and contact with infected bodily fluids. The text provides information on testing, treatment, and prevention methods like condom use and advises readers not to believe HIV is not serious, as there is currently no cure.
This document provides a basic overview of HIV/AIDS for students and the public. It defines key terms like HIV, AIDS, and opportunistic infections. It describes the progression of HIV from initial infection to AIDS, explaining how the virus attacks immune cells. The document outlines the main ways HIV is transmitted and discusses prevention methods like abstinence, safer sex practices, testing, and treatment options. Statistics on HIV trends worldwide and nationally are also presented, along with psychological and legal issues related to living with HIV/AIDS.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS, including:
- HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus and is transmitted between humans. It causes AIDS by weakening the immune system.
- AIDS stands for Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and is the final stage of HIV infection where the immune system is severely damaged.
- HIV is found in certain body fluids and transmitted most commonly through unprotected sex and sharing needles. It cannot be transmitted through casual contact.
- Prevention methods include condoms, testing, treatment of other STIs, and education to reduce risk behaviors. While treatment can suppress HIV, there is currently no cure for AIDS.
What’s HIV and AIDS ?
Difference between HIV and AIDS ?
Progression of HIV and AIDS.
Transmission of HIV.
Antiretroviral Therapy.
Testing for HIV Infection.
The document defines key terms related to HIV/AIDS such as HIV, AIDS, the difference between HIV and AIDS, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It then provides a short history of HIV/AIDS in the Philippines and discusses modes of HIV transmission including unprotected sex, infected blood, and mother-to-child transmission. It explains principles of HIV transmission and how to avoid infection through abstinence, monogamy, condom use, and avoiding drug use. The importance of testing is discussed. Finally, it summarizes Republic Act 8504 or the Philippine AIDS Prevention and Control Act of 1998 which established policies for HIV prevention and protection of confidentiality.
World AIDS Day is observed annually on December 1st to raise awareness of HIV/AIDS. It began in 1988 and aims to honor those who have died from an HIV/AIDS-related illness and bring attention to those still living with the disease. Over 33 million people worldwide are currently living with HIV/AIDS, with sub-Saharan Africa disproportionately affected. While treatment with antiretroviral drugs has increased life expectancy, prevention remains a global priority to end the pandemic.
HIV/AIDS is a disease that weakens the immune system and leaves individuals susceptible to opportunistic infections and cancers. It is transmitted through contact with certain bodily fluids and has killed over 25 million people worldwide since 1981. While treatments can slow the progression of the virus, there is currently no known cure. The social stigma surrounding HIV/AIDS can be as destructive as the disease itself.
The document discusses HIV/AIDS, including how it is transmitted, symptoms, testing, prevention, and treatment. It notes that HIV develops into AIDS within 2-15 years if untreated. Transmission occurs through sexual contact, mother-to-child, breastfeeding, blood transfusions, and occupational exposure. Testing detects HIV antibodies in the blood, while treatment involves antiretroviral drugs to suppress the virus.
This document discusses HIV/AIDS epidemiology in the Philippines. It notes that the number of new HIV cases per day in the Philippines has risen sharply in recent years. While overall HIV prevalence remains below 1%, prevalence among high-risk groups has also increased. Several factors put the Philippines at risk of a broader epidemic, including increasing mobility, sex work, unsafe sex, and injecting drug use. The document also outlines how HIV attacks and weakens the immune system.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS for 5th grade students. It defines HIV and AIDS, explaining that HIV weakens the immune system, making people vulnerable to opportunistic infections. It discusses how HIV is transmitted through unprotected sex, sharing needles, or from mother to child during birth or breastfeeding. While there is no vaccine or cure, the document outlines preventative measures like abstinence and safe practices.
The document discusses HIV, AIDS, and voluntary confidential counseling and testing (VCCT). It defines HIV as the virus that causes AIDS. Having HIV increases the risk of developing AIDS. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection defined by specific symptoms. VCCT provides counseling to help clients understand their HIV status and make informed decisions. It aims to support prevention and referral to care. VCCT is an important entry point to HIV/AIDS services like medical care, psychosocial support, and prevention of mother-to-child transmission.
The Philippines has seen a 25% increase in HIV prevalence and is one of nine countries with rising rates. HIV weakens the immune system, leaving the body vulnerable to infections like pneumonia and tuberculosis. AIDS develops when the immune system is too weak to fight off diseases. HIV is transmitted via unprotected sex, blood transfusions, and from mother to child. Bodily fluids like blood, breastmilk, semen, and vaginal fluids can transmit HIV if they enter the bloodstream of another person. Abstinence, mutual monogamy, correct condom use, avoiding drugs and alcohol, education, and testing can prevent transmission. Stigma against those with HIV is unnecessary since casual contact does not spread it.
This document provides an overview of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that causes it. It discusses how HIV breaks down the immune system, leaving those infected vulnerable to life-threatening infections. The document outlines the history of the HIV epidemic and how it has affected both developed and developing countries. It also summarizes HIV transmission routes, clinical stages of infection from initial exposure to AIDS, diagnostic testing approaches, treatment options including antiretroviral drugs, prevention strategies, and healthcare follow-up for those living with HIV/AIDS.
HIV/AIDS is a disease that weakens the immune system and leaves individuals susceptible to other infections and diseases. It is transmitted through bodily fluids and can be deadly if left untreated, having killed over 25 million people worldwide. While treatments exist to help manage the virus, there is currently no known cure. HIV/AIDS disproportionately impacts marginalized groups and its stigma and discrimination can be as harmful as the disease itself.
Mental health and hiv risk prevention in asian countriesJAEHA KIM
1) The document examines the relationship between mental health and HIV/AIDS risk behavior in Asia. It finds that mental health problems like depression, anxiety, alcohol dependence, and substance abuse can increase risky behaviors and HIV transmission.
2) Intervention programs integrating mental health treatment have been shown to reduce HIV risk behaviors in other areas of the world. The document argues for expanding such programs in Asian countries with high HIV rates.
3) Specifically, it recommends prioritizing mental health interventions for HIV prevention in South and Southeast Asia, where HIV prevalence is highest and such programs are less established.
HIV/AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The document provides an overview of HIV/AIDS including what it is, how it is transmitted, prevalence rates, and prevention methods. Key points include that there is currently no vaccine for HIV/AIDS, which is a major public health issue globally particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Prevention methods discussed include safe sex practices, safe blood transfusions, and treating other infections which can increase the risk of HIV transmission.
Major Health Issues in India: HIV/AIDS & CANCER IN INDIA...Ravi Spikey
This document provides information about the status of cancer in India. It states that cancer is characterized by abnormal cell growth that can spread to other tissues and organs, potentially causing death. It lists some of the most common cancers in India as lung, breast, colon, endometrial, pancreatic, kidney, prostate, thyroid, and skin cancer. It also discusses factors that contribute to cancer rates like tobacco use, alcohol consumption, environment, diet, and lifestyle. Tobacco is a major risk factor and is responsible for over 1 million deaths per year in India.
Today is World AIDS Day, December 1st. Various government and non-government organizations in Nepal are organizing programs related to HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention. HIV is a virus that attacks immune cells and can develop into AIDS if left untreated. Common ways of transmitting HIV include unprotected sex, sharing needles, and mother-to-child transmission during birth or breastfeeding. While there is no vaccine, antiretroviral treatment can control the virus and prevent transmission. It is important to get tested, practice safe sex, and seek treatment to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS.
This document summarizes the status of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in India. Some key points:
- India has an estimated 2.4 million people living with HIV, with prevalence highest in the southern and northeastern states.
- The epidemic is concentrated among high-risk groups like sex workers, clients of sex workers, men who have sex with men, and injection drug users.
- Unsafe sex, lack of condom use, and injection drug use fuel transmission. Migration and the low status of women also increase vulnerability.
- The national response involves targeted interventions for high-risk groups, care/treatment, and prevention education through NACP programs.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS in Bangladesh and discusses why Bangladesh is at risk, how HIV is transmitted, symptoms of HIV/AIDS, testing, and prevention methods. It notes that illiteracy, lack of sex education, drug use, and improper blood banking systems put Bangladesh at risk. HIV attacks and kills immune cells, leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) without treatment. HIV can be transmitted through bodily fluids like blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breastmilk during unprotected sex, needle sharing, or from mother to child. Condoms, abstinence, monogamy, clean needles, and HIV testing are discussed as prevention and treatment options. The document seeks to educate about
The document summarizes 18 studies on preventing HIV among older adults. It finds that while HIV rates are rising in older populations, few prevention programs have targeted this group. The studies examined universal prevention programs for the general older population (3 studies), indicated prevention for older adults already infected (5 studies), and strategies/recommendations (10 studies). Most interventions showed improved HIV knowledge, though more research is needed due to the growing numbers of older adults at risk of infection.
This document discusses sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among adolescents and young people. It notes that adolescents and youth have high rates of STIs due to factors like early sexual debut, lack of condom use, and involvement in sex work. Left untreated, STIs can lead to serious health consequences like pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and increased HIV risk. While STIs are common among adolescents, healthcare providers often fail to properly screen and counsel this age group about risk reduction. Effective STI management requires taking a sexual history, clinical examination, timely treatment, and reporting of cases.
What’s HIV and AIDS ?
Difference between HIV and AIDS ?
Progression of HIV and AIDS.
Transmission of HIV.
Antiretroviral Therapy.
Testing for HIV Infection.
The document defines key terms related to HIV/AIDS such as HIV, AIDS, the difference between HIV and AIDS, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It then provides a short history of HIV/AIDS in the Philippines and discusses modes of HIV transmission including unprotected sex, infected blood, and mother-to-child transmission. It explains principles of HIV transmission and how to avoid infection through abstinence, monogamy, condom use, and avoiding drug use. The importance of testing is discussed. Finally, it summarizes Republic Act 8504 or the Philippine AIDS Prevention and Control Act of 1998 which established policies for HIV prevention and protection of confidentiality.
World AIDS Day is observed annually on December 1st to raise awareness of HIV/AIDS. It began in 1988 and aims to honor those who have died from an HIV/AIDS-related illness and bring attention to those still living with the disease. Over 33 million people worldwide are currently living with HIV/AIDS, with sub-Saharan Africa disproportionately affected. While treatment with antiretroviral drugs has increased life expectancy, prevention remains a global priority to end the pandemic.
HIV/AIDS is a disease that weakens the immune system and leaves individuals susceptible to opportunistic infections and cancers. It is transmitted through contact with certain bodily fluids and has killed over 25 million people worldwide since 1981. While treatments can slow the progression of the virus, there is currently no known cure. The social stigma surrounding HIV/AIDS can be as destructive as the disease itself.
The document discusses HIV/AIDS, including how it is transmitted, symptoms, testing, prevention, and treatment. It notes that HIV develops into AIDS within 2-15 years if untreated. Transmission occurs through sexual contact, mother-to-child, breastfeeding, blood transfusions, and occupational exposure. Testing detects HIV antibodies in the blood, while treatment involves antiretroviral drugs to suppress the virus.
This document discusses HIV/AIDS epidemiology in the Philippines. It notes that the number of new HIV cases per day in the Philippines has risen sharply in recent years. While overall HIV prevalence remains below 1%, prevalence among high-risk groups has also increased. Several factors put the Philippines at risk of a broader epidemic, including increasing mobility, sex work, unsafe sex, and injecting drug use. The document also outlines how HIV attacks and weakens the immune system.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS for 5th grade students. It defines HIV and AIDS, explaining that HIV weakens the immune system, making people vulnerable to opportunistic infections. It discusses how HIV is transmitted through unprotected sex, sharing needles, or from mother to child during birth or breastfeeding. While there is no vaccine or cure, the document outlines preventative measures like abstinence and safe practices.
The document discusses HIV, AIDS, and voluntary confidential counseling and testing (VCCT). It defines HIV as the virus that causes AIDS. Having HIV increases the risk of developing AIDS. AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection defined by specific symptoms. VCCT provides counseling to help clients understand their HIV status and make informed decisions. It aims to support prevention and referral to care. VCCT is an important entry point to HIV/AIDS services like medical care, psychosocial support, and prevention of mother-to-child transmission.
The Philippines has seen a 25% increase in HIV prevalence and is one of nine countries with rising rates. HIV weakens the immune system, leaving the body vulnerable to infections like pneumonia and tuberculosis. AIDS develops when the immune system is too weak to fight off diseases. HIV is transmitted via unprotected sex, blood transfusions, and from mother to child. Bodily fluids like blood, breastmilk, semen, and vaginal fluids can transmit HIV if they enter the bloodstream of another person. Abstinence, mutual monogamy, correct condom use, avoiding drugs and alcohol, education, and testing can prevent transmission. Stigma against those with HIV is unnecessary since casual contact does not spread it.
This document provides an overview of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that causes it. It discusses how HIV breaks down the immune system, leaving those infected vulnerable to life-threatening infections. The document outlines the history of the HIV epidemic and how it has affected both developed and developing countries. It also summarizes HIV transmission routes, clinical stages of infection from initial exposure to AIDS, diagnostic testing approaches, treatment options including antiretroviral drugs, prevention strategies, and healthcare follow-up for those living with HIV/AIDS.
HIV/AIDS is a disease that weakens the immune system and leaves individuals susceptible to other infections and diseases. It is transmitted through bodily fluids and can be deadly if left untreated, having killed over 25 million people worldwide. While treatments exist to help manage the virus, there is currently no known cure. HIV/AIDS disproportionately impacts marginalized groups and its stigma and discrimination can be as harmful as the disease itself.
Mental health and hiv risk prevention in asian countriesJAEHA KIM
1) The document examines the relationship between mental health and HIV/AIDS risk behavior in Asia. It finds that mental health problems like depression, anxiety, alcohol dependence, and substance abuse can increase risky behaviors and HIV transmission.
2) Intervention programs integrating mental health treatment have been shown to reduce HIV risk behaviors in other areas of the world. The document argues for expanding such programs in Asian countries with high HIV rates.
3) Specifically, it recommends prioritizing mental health interventions for HIV prevention in South and Southeast Asia, where HIV prevalence is highest and such programs are less established.
HIV/AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The document provides an overview of HIV/AIDS including what it is, how it is transmitted, prevalence rates, and prevention methods. Key points include that there is currently no vaccine for HIV/AIDS, which is a major public health issue globally particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Prevention methods discussed include safe sex practices, safe blood transfusions, and treating other infections which can increase the risk of HIV transmission.
Major Health Issues in India: HIV/AIDS & CANCER IN INDIA...Ravi Spikey
This document provides information about the status of cancer in India. It states that cancer is characterized by abnormal cell growth that can spread to other tissues and organs, potentially causing death. It lists some of the most common cancers in India as lung, breast, colon, endometrial, pancreatic, kidney, prostate, thyroid, and skin cancer. It also discusses factors that contribute to cancer rates like tobacco use, alcohol consumption, environment, diet, and lifestyle. Tobacco is a major risk factor and is responsible for over 1 million deaths per year in India.
Today is World AIDS Day, December 1st. Various government and non-government organizations in Nepal are organizing programs related to HIV/AIDS awareness and prevention. HIV is a virus that attacks immune cells and can develop into AIDS if left untreated. Common ways of transmitting HIV include unprotected sex, sharing needles, and mother-to-child transmission during birth or breastfeeding. While there is no vaccine, antiretroviral treatment can control the virus and prevent transmission. It is important to get tested, practice safe sex, and seek treatment to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS.
This document summarizes the status of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in India. Some key points:
- India has an estimated 2.4 million people living with HIV, with prevalence highest in the southern and northeastern states.
- The epidemic is concentrated among high-risk groups like sex workers, clients of sex workers, men who have sex with men, and injection drug users.
- Unsafe sex, lack of condom use, and injection drug use fuel transmission. Migration and the low status of women also increase vulnerability.
- The national response involves targeted interventions for high-risk groups, care/treatment, and prevention education through NACP programs.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS in Bangladesh and discusses why Bangladesh is at risk, how HIV is transmitted, symptoms of HIV/AIDS, testing, and prevention methods. It notes that illiteracy, lack of sex education, drug use, and improper blood banking systems put Bangladesh at risk. HIV attacks and kills immune cells, leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) without treatment. HIV can be transmitted through bodily fluids like blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breastmilk during unprotected sex, needle sharing, or from mother to child. Condoms, abstinence, monogamy, clean needles, and HIV testing are discussed as prevention and treatment options. The document seeks to educate about
The document summarizes 18 studies on preventing HIV among older adults. It finds that while HIV rates are rising in older populations, few prevention programs have targeted this group. The studies examined universal prevention programs for the general older population (3 studies), indicated prevention for older adults already infected (5 studies), and strategies/recommendations (10 studies). Most interventions showed improved HIV knowledge, though more research is needed due to the growing numbers of older adults at risk of infection.
This document discusses sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among adolescents and young people. It notes that adolescents and youth have high rates of STIs due to factors like early sexual debut, lack of condom use, and involvement in sex work. Left untreated, STIs can lead to serious health consequences like pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and increased HIV risk. While STIs are common among adolescents, healthcare providers often fail to properly screen and counsel this age group about risk reduction. Effective STI management requires taking a sexual history, clinical examination, timely treatment, and reporting of cases.
The document discusses the nature and status of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in India. It notes that there are an estimated 3.8-4.6 million people living with HIV/AIDS in India, with heterosexual sex being the main mode of transmission. Certain populations such as female sex workers and men who have sex with men have particularly high infection rates. The epidemic is growing and spreading from urban to rural areas.
The document discusses the nature and status of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in India. It notes that there are an estimated 3.8-4.6 million people living with HIV/AIDS in India, with heterosexual sex being the main mode of transmission. Certain populations such as female sex workers and men who have sex with men have particularly high infection rates. The epidemic is spreading from urban to rural areas through migrant workers.
The State of People Living with HIV/AIDSRich Wolitski
The document discusses the state of people living with HIV/AIDS in the United States. Over 1 million people were living with HIV/AIDS in the US in 2008. Many face challenges such as poverty, mental health issues, and stigma. However, people living with HIV/AIDS also demonstrate strengths like resilience and leadership in advocacy and prevention efforts. While antiretroviral treatment has improved health outcomes, many people living with HIV/AIDS still do not receive adequate medical care or achieve viral suppression.
This is technical writing Assignment, no emotions go straight to t.docxchristalgrieg
This is technical writing Assignment, no emotions go straight to the point.
Section 1: Introduction
The rise in the numbers of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) diagnoses is notable especially for racial and ethnic minority youth and adolescents aged 13 to 19 years (National Institute of Health, 2013). Approximately one half of all new HIV infections in the United States occur among person(s) younger than 25 years. Nearly 4 million new sexually transmitted infection (STI) cases each year occur among youth and adolescents (NIH, 2013). Reconciling data of 2015, 54.2% of high school students reported having sexual intercourse; of students reported sex during the previous months, 39% stated they didn’t use a condom during their last sexual encounter (United States Census Bureau, 2014). The number of sexually active among youth and adolescents, from 2001 to 2014, there’s been a significant increase in the percentage of youth and adolescents who were never taught about HIV/AIDS. Unified national HIV/AIDS surveillance system has enhanced the ability to monitor and characterize racial and ethnic minority youth populations affected by the HIV epidemic and provide information on the entire population of HIV infected persons who have been tested confidentially (NIH, 2014). Approximately 1.2 million people were living with HIV in the United States in 2014, 49% and 51% undiagnosed infections. Almost 50,000 people become newly infected each year, and in 2014, the estimated rate of diagnoses of HIV infection was 13.8 per 100,000 population (National Institute of Health, 2014). Social trust is associated with lowering the of course mortality rates and that associated HIV infection varied within racial and ethnic minority youth and adolescents. The risk factors that will be addressed in this paper are unprotected vaginal or anal sex, improving access to prevention and care services, inadequate sex education and drug use
Unprotected vaginal and anal sex
Participating in unprotected vaginal and anal sex, or sex without latex or polyurethane condoms is a major contributing factor of HIV rate in racial and ethnic minority youth and adolescents. In an infected youth or adolescents, the semen and blood contains high amount of HIV. During unprotected vaginal and anal sex HIV can easily pass from one person to another. Several studies link alcohol and drug use to higher rates of unprotected anal intercourse, higher numbers of sex partners, and inconsistent condom use (NIH, 2014). With these trends among racial and ethnic minority National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (2015) reported 21% minority youth and adolescent are infected with HIV while 79% youth and adolescent don’t know their status (National HIV Behavioral Surveillance, 2015).
Improving access to prevention and care services
Access to HIV prevention and treatment is an important step in helping achieve an HIV free generation, especially among racial and ethnic minority youth and adolescent. If someone ...
The Madison County AIDS Program (MadCAP) is seeking funding to implement an HIV/AIDS risk reduction program for adolescents in Madison County high schools. The program will use the evidence-based BART (Becoming a Responsible Teen) curriculum over the 2016-2017 school year. The goal is to reduce HIV rates among teens and young adults by increasing HIV knowledge, perceived risk of infection, and safe sex practices. Freshmen students will participate in sessions on causes, transmission, testing and prevention. The program aims to have 75% of participants increase essential HIV knowledge and perceive themselves at higher risk of infection after. It will also teach proper condom use through demonstrations to further prevent spread of HIV. Evaluation will compare pre-
Currently many of study has been conduct on HIV but very few study has targeted on Older adult with HIV. I have gone through many study to find problems of older adult with HIV.
Minorities, especially African Americans, account for nearly half the population of Fulton County, Georgia but experience disproportionate rates of health issues like sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). STD rates in Fulton County, particularly for conditions like chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis, are among the highest in the state. African Americans contract STDs at much higher rates than other groups. Social factors like poverty, lack of access to healthcare, and segregation of minority populations likely contribute to these disparities.
- African American men account for 70% of new HIV/AIDS cases in Los Angeles County, though they represent only 12-14% of the population. The majority of cases are in men ages 20-49.
- Poverty, lack of health insurance, and high incarceration rates negatively impact access to healthcare for African American men with HIV/AIDS in Los Angeles. However, community organizations provide support and work to increase access.
- HIV/AIDS has disproportionate effects in the African American community in Los Angeles County. Efforts are being made to increase testing, prevention, and treatment through programs tailored for at-risk groups.
Equality and health inequality issues in dementiaJo Moriarty
This document discusses equality and health inequality issues related to dementia. It summarizes research showing how factors like age, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status can influence one's experience with dementia. While dementia affects everyone, individuals experience it differently based on their personal characteristics and life experiences. The Equality Act of 2010 provides a framework for examining these types of inequalities. Recognizing the multiple and intersecting aspects of people's identities is important for developing more personalized dementia care.
The "Lose the Booze" intervention program aims to address binge drinking among University of Delaware students aged 18-25 through a 12-month program with five eight-week interventions focusing on knowledge of drinking risks, social pressures to drink, and alcohol accessibility. The program will use activities, videos, and online assessments to increase knowledge and provide strategies for dealing with drinking situations. It will consist of an online course and four seminars and needs $122,123 to operate.
HIV/AIDS: Hispanic/Latino Disparities and Policy Recommendations
Daniel Santibanez, MPH, Department of Public Health, University of North Florida
Donna T. Jones, MS, RD, LD/N, Medical Nutrition Therapy of Florida, Inc.
July 22, 2005 - UNF Hispanic Health Issues Seminar
This is part 6 of an 8 part series of seminars on Hispanic Health Issues brought to you by the University of North Florida’s Dept. of Public Health, College of Health, a grant from AETNA, and the cooperation of Duval County Health Department.
The Risk Lies in Not Knowing HIV AIDS Awareness and Acceptance towards PLWHAijtsrd
This document summarizes a study that assessed HIV/AIDS awareness and acceptance of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) among senior high school students in Toledo City, Cebu, Philippines. The study found that respondents had a high level of HIV/AIDS awareness and acceptance of PLWHA. It also found statistically significant correlations between gender and levels of awareness/acceptance, as well as a strong correlation between overall awareness and acceptance levels. The study concluded higher awareness is linked to greater acceptance of PLWHA.
This document discusses a module developed through a collaboration between the Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to enhance population health education. It acknowledges the individuals and institutions involved in developing the module. The module aims to discuss key topics related to population health determinants, health status, leading causes of death, health disparities, and use of Healthy People objectives in public health planning. It was made possible through a cooperative agreement between the CDC and the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research.
Addressing hiv infection risks and consequences among elderly Africans by Niy...Hidzuan Hashim
This document summarizes a presentation given by Professor Niyi Awofeso on addressing HIV infection risks and consequences among elderly (>50 years) sub-Saharan Africans. It provides statistics on HIV prevalence and the physical, mental, and socioeconomic burdens of HIV/AIDS in this population. It also discusses policies and programs that could help reduce infection risks, such as expanding HIV testing and treatment, promoting circumcision, implementing social pensions and healthy aging programs, and reducing stigma through education. Successful models from Botswana and South Africa are presented.
A Review Of The Literature On HIV Infection And SchizophreniaSabrina Baloi
People with schizophrenia are at higher risk of HIV infection due to an increased likelihood of engaging in high-risk behaviors like unprotected sex, intravenous drug use, and having multiple partners. However, many mental health policies fail to address this issue and clinicians often are unaware of the risks and prevalence of HIV within this population. As a result, screening and treatment of HIV among people with schizophrenia is delayed. Research is needed to better understand HIV risks for this group and to develop policies and clinical practices that promote sexual health education and screening.
Proposal Sample for research Armatures/beginnersSamuel Trinity
This document provides an introduction and literature review on HIV/AIDS knowledge and awareness among adolescents. It discusses how HIV attacks the immune system, leading to AIDS. Rates of HIV are increasing among youth due to risk behaviors like unprotected sex and needle sharing. Adolescents often lack sexual education and engagement in risky acts. The study aims to assess HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among high school students in Baguio City, Philippines to inform policy. A survey will be administered to students to understand their awareness and identify information gaps. The Health Belief Model will guide the research. The literature review covers topics like adolescent development, sexual and reproductive health challenges faced by youth, and parent-child relationships.
International lancet worldwide burden of hiv in transgender women a systema...clac.cab
The document summarizes a systematic review and meta-analysis of worldwide HIV prevalence among transgender women. It finds an overall pooled HIV prevalence of 19.1% among 11,066 transgender women across 15 countries. Prevalence was higher in high-income countries (21.6%) than in low- and middle-income countries (17.7%). The odds of HIV infection were 48.8 times higher for transgender women compared to all adults of reproductive age in the same countries. The analysis suggests transgender women represent a very high-risk population for HIV globally.
This document discusses Florida child abuse law and how to recognize and respond to physical child abuse. It defines physical child abuse under Florida law and outlines what should be reported and to whom. It also describes physical signs that could indicate abuse and factors that may contribute to parents physically abusing their children, such as experiencing their own abuse, lack of social support, and parenting difficulties. The document discusses approaches for treating abusive parents and abused children and ways for the community to prevent and respond to abuse cases.
This document discusses various theoretical perspectives on human behavior that are relevant for social work professionals. It covers key concepts from different theories like systems theory, conflict theory, rational choice theory, and psychodynamic theory. It also outlines criteria for evaluating theories and discusses how theories can be used to guide social work practice interventions. The document emphasizes that theories provide frameworks for understanding human behavior and that scientific knowledge of theories and research is an important ingredient for doing social work.
Family Violence: Research Methodology, Assessment, and TheoriesDr. Karen Whiteman
This document discusses family violence research methodology and theories. It covers:
- The various fields that study family violence, including types of research conducted in each. Research includes surveys, clinical samples, crime statistics, and more.
- Early family violence research had shortcomings like lack of ethics, inadequate data collection, weak theory, and more. Current research uses advanced statistics but still lacks randomization, clear definitions, and cultural competence.
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2. Discussion Topics
HIV/AIDS among Persons aged 50 years and older
United States Population Boom
HIV/AIDS Risk Factors for Persons aged 50 years and
older
Age-related Disparities in HIV/AIDS Prevention Barriers
for Older Persons
Major Efforts to Address HIV/AIDS among Older
Persons
Next Steps
3. HIV/AIDS in the United States
On June 5, 1981, the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention reported the first cases of Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in the United
States (1981).
AIDS, an unfamiliar disease, rapidly became an
epidemic, infecting more than 130,000 persons
annually (Hall, Song, Rhodes et al., 2008).
4. HIV/AIDS in the United States
Since the first cases of AIDS reported, over 575,000
persons in the United States have died from AIDS (Hall,
Song, Rhodes et al., 2008).
Most recent estimates have projected that 1.7 million
persons in the United States have had the Human
Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection (AIDS.gov,
2012).
An estimated 20% of persons are unaware of HIV
infection (CDC, 2011).
5. Who contracts HIV/AIDS?
Any person can contract HIV/AIDS…
HIV disproportionately affects:
Men who have sex with men (CDC,
2012)
Blacks/African-Americans and
Hispanics/Latinos (CDC, 2010)
Persons residing in the South and
Northeast regions of the United States
(CDC, 2010)
Persons with severe mental illnesses
(Prince, Walkup, Akincigil et al., 2012)
Homeless populations (CDC, 2008)
6. HIV/AIDS and Older Adults:
Proportion of new HIV Cases
Currently, persons over the age of 50 years represent 10.8%
-11% incident infections in the general population (Prejean,
Song, Hernandez et al., 2011; Brooks, Buchacz, Gebo et al.,
2012).
Historically, the incident infections rates of HIV among persons
aged 50 years and older have remained between 10-11%
(Prejean, Song, Hernandez et al., 2011).
7. HIV/AIDS and Older Adults:
Incidence Rates
Florida
Newly reported HIV cases among persons age 50 and
over increased by 6% from 2002 to 2011 (Florida
Department of Health Bureau of HIV/AIDS, 2012).
In comparison, newly HIV reported cases among
persons age 13-39 and age 40-49 each decreased
between 2002 and 2012 (Florida Department of Health
Bureau of HIV/AIDS, 2012).
8. HIV/AIDS and Older Adults:
AIDS cases
Florida
Newly reported AIDS cases among persons aged 50
and older increased by 9% from 2002 (19.8% of total)
to 2011 (29% of total) (Florida Department of Health
Bureau of HIV/AIDS, 2012).
In comparison, newly reported AIDS cases among
persons age 13-39 and age 40-49 have decreased
from 2002 to 2011.
9. While new cases of HIV infection among
persons aged 50 years and older do not
comprise the largest proportion of new
cases, currently, 31% of persons living
with HIV are over the age of 50
(Administration on Aging, 2012a).
Persons aged 50 years and older living
with HIV infection are often male, African-
American, men who have sex with men,
and urban residents (Linley, Prejean, An
et al., 2012).
HIV/AIDS and Older Adults
10. Older Persons Living
with HIV/AIDS
More persons are living with HIV/AIDS now because
of the 1995 advancement of HIV treatment through
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) (CDC,
1997)
HAART has decreased morbidity and mortality of
persons with AIDS by 50% (Moore & Chaisson 1999).
The success of antiretroviral therapy has resulted in a
group of persons aged 50 years and older who have
aged with the HIV infection.
11. HIV/AIDS and Older Adults
The percent of persons living with HIV/AIDS older than
50 years, in the year 2015 will be….
a. 20%
b. 30%
c. 40%
d. 50% or more
(Vance, McGuinness, Musgrove et al., 2011)
12. United States
Population Boom
In the United States, there is an imminent population
increase of older persons as a result of the post-World
War II “baby boom” that occurred between the years
1946 and 1964 (U.S. Census, 2010).
In 2050, the number of persons in all 50 states and the
District of Columbia aged 65 and older will reach an
estimated 88.5 million, which is more than double the
projected population of 40.2 million in 2010 (Vincent &
Velkoff, 2010).
13. United States
Population Boom
As of 2010, Florida has the highest percentage of older
adults (aged 65 and older) (17.3%), followed by West
Virginia (16%), Maine (15.9%), and Pennsylvania
(15.4%) (U.S. Census, 2001).
16. HIV/AIDS Risk Factors
Any person, of any age, who is HIV-infected can
transmit HIV through their blood, semen, vaginal
secretions, and breast milk (CDC, 2010).
To transmit HIV, these fluids must come in contact with
a mucous membrane or damaged tissue or injected
into a person’s bloodstream (CDC, 2010).
17. HIV is transmitted primarily by the following modes of
transmission:
1) not using a condom when having sex with a person who has
HIV;
2) having multiple sex partners or other sexually transmitted
diseases can increase the risk of HIV infection during sex;
3) sharing needles, syringes, rinse water, or any other
paraphernalia used for injection drugs; and
4) being born to a HIV-infected woman.
(CDC, 2012)
HIV/AIDS Risk Factors
18. Age-related HIV/AIDS
Risk Factors
Risky sexual behavior
Adults who lived in the 1960s during the era of the sexual
revolution, the social movement that challenged traditional
behaviors related to sexuality (Allyn, 2000), are now aged
50 years and older.
Many older persons remain sexually active into their 80s
(Schick, Herbenick, Reece et al., 2010), and similar to
younger persons, many older persons also have multiple
sex partners (Foster, Clark, Holstad, & Burgess, 2012).
19. Age-related HIV/AIDS
Risk Factors
Few older persons use condoms to protect themselves from
infection during sexual intercourse.
According to the 2008 National Survey of Sexual Health and
Behavior, persons aged 50 years or older did not use condoms
during their most recent sexual intercourse with 91.5% of casual
partners, 76% of friends, 69.6% of new acquaintances, and 33.3%
of transactional sexual partners (Schick, Herbenick, Reece et al.,
2010).
Women who are postmenopausal and who no longer require birth
control to prevent pregnancy may not consider the need for
condoms (Kirk & Goetz, 2009).
20. Age-related HIV/AIDS
Risk Factors
Lack of knowledge of HIV/AIDS transmission
Older persons may lack knowledge of HIV transmission and how
to protect themselves (Foster, Clark, Holstad, & Burgess, 2012)
because the risk factors for persons 50 years and older have
changed since the 1980’s outbreak of epidemic.
Prior to screening blood supply for HIV/AIDS, blood transfusion
was the primary mode of transmission for this age group
(Ammann, Cowan, Wara et al., 1983; Curran, Lawrence, Jaffe et
al., 1984; Peterman, Jaffe, Feorino et al., 1985).
21. Age-related HIV/AIDS
Risk Factors
• Biological risk factors
• After a woman experiences menopause, there is age-
related vaginal thinning and dryness that can lead to
tears in the vaginal tissues that could facilitate HIV
transmission (Brooks, Buchacz, Gebo et al.).
• For men, as they age, they may experience erectile
dysfunction (Bacon, Mittleman, Kawachi et al., 2003),
which will increase the difficulty of using condoms
during sexual intercourse (Levy, 1998).
22. Age-related HIV/AIDS
Risk Factors
Accessibility of erectile dysfunction medications
Despite biological changes, persons over the age of 50 show no
decline in sexual interest and activity (Sherman, Harvey, & Noell,
2005; Calvet, 2003).
These prescription and non-prescription medications are easily
accessible and make it possible for men to remain sexually active
at older ages, and therefore, increases the likelihood of HIV
transmission if safe sex precautions are not taken (Brooks,
Buchacz, Gebo et al., 2012).
24. HIV/AIDS Prevention Barriers
Aging stereotypes
Many persons believe that older persons are not having
sexual intercourse because they no longer have a libido.
The main predictor of sexual activity in older age is a
person’s pattern of sexual activity in their early life
(Kennedy, Martinez, & Garo, 2010).
26. HIV/AIDS Prevention Barriers
U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (2012) has
recommended universal HIV testing of all persons aged
15 to 65 years.
Perceptions among healthcare providers that older
persons are less likely to engage in high-risk behavior
often prevent them from taking an adequate sexual
history, assessing their risk, and offering an HIV test
(Paul, Martin, Lu, & Lin, 2007).
27. HIV/AIDS Prevention
Barriers
Underdiagnosis of HIV/AIDS
Healthcare providers may underdiagnosis HIV/AIDS and/or
not offer HIV testing to older persons because HIV/AIDS
symptoms can mimic the normal aging process such as lack
of energy, weight loss, and short-term memory loss (CDC,
2008).
HIV may imitate symptoms of neurological disorders such as
Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and
cerebrovascular dementia (Grabar, Weiss, & Costagliola,
2006).
28. HIV/AIDS Prevention
Barriers
Late diagnosis of HIV infection
Many studies have shown that HIV infection is diagnosed at
a later stage in older persons than in younger persons
(Althoff, Gebo, Gange et al., 2010).
A late diagnosis of HIV infection implies that antiretroviral
treatments start late in the progression of the disease,
possibly compromising their efficacy.
As a result, older persons are diagnosed with more
advanced version of HIV or AIDS than younger persons
(CDC, 2010) and are more likely to progress to AIDS at a
faster rate since treatment is delayed (Kirk & Goetz, 2009).
31. Age Is Not A Condom
Campaign
The HIV & Older Adults Social Messaging
Campaign was created by the AIDS
Community Research Initiative of America
(ACRIA). It includes a Facebook Page, a
website, and posters on bus shelters
throughout New York City. The campaign
started on Monday, June 4th 2012.
33. Have the conversation.
• Identify the client’s risk factors for HIV/AIDS using an HIV
risk assessment (see packet).
• Talk to your clients about HIV/AIDS risk factors and safe
sex practices.
• Ask them if they have been tested for HIV.
34. Get clients tested.
• Refer clients for HIV testing
• Follow-up
• To find an HIV testing site near you, go to
http://www.HIVTest.org or call 1-800-CDC-INFO
35. Start talking about HIV/AIDS.
Educate your colleagues on HIV/AIDS and older
persons
Talk about normal aging and stereotypes