When worlds collide
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When Worlds Collide discusses the momentous events of 1492, when Columbus arrived in the Americas, forever altering life in Europe by introducing new commodities and wealth from the Americas. It describes the conventional narrative that views Native Americans as primitive peoples easily conquered by a superior European culture. It also discusses Spain's choice between religious unity or wealth from the Americas, and how a son of an Incan princess and Spanish conquistador became the first American-born author, honoring his indigenous heritage.
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When worlds collide
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When worlds collide
When Worlds Collide discusses the momentous events of 1492, when Christopher Columbus arrived in the Americas, connecting two worlds that had developed independently for thousands of years. The arrival of Europeans forever altered life for the indigenous peoples of the Americas and led to the exchange of commodities between the two worlds, fueling economic growth in Europe. It also examines the decline of the vast Spanish Empire in the late 1500s as it lost its role as the world's sole superpower.
Exploration and encounter
Europeans began exploring the Atlantic in the early 1500s, seeking to expand trade networks and spread Christianity. This led to encounters between European powers and indigenous societies in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. The Portuguese established coastal trading posts in Africa and fought Arabs for control of the spice trade. Spain formed the largest American empire through conquests led by Columbus, Cortes, and Pizarro. France founded Quebec in 1608 and grew the fur trade. England established 13 colonies along the eastern coast of North America in the 1600-1700s, with different economic focuses between the northern and southern regions.
CHAPTER 2Early Globalization The AtlanticWorld, 1492–16.docx
CHAPTER 2
Early Globalization: The Atlantic
World, 1492–1650
Figure 2.1 After Christopher Columbus “discovered” the New World, he sent letters home to Spain describing the
wonders he beheld. These letters were quickly circulated throughout Europe and translated into Italian, German, and
Latin. This woodcut is from the first Italian verse translation of the letter Columbus sent to the Spanish court after his
first voyage, Lettera delle isole novamente trovata by Giuliano Dati.
Chapter Outline
2.1 Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest
2.2 Religious Upheavals in the Developing Atlantic World
2.3 Challenges to Spain’s Supremacy
2.4 New Worlds in the Americas: Labor, Commerce, and the Columbian Exchange
Introduction
The story of the Atlantic World is the story of global migration, a migration driven in large part by the
actions and aspirations of the ruling heads of Europe. Columbus is hardly visible in this illustration of his
ships making landfall on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola (Figure 2.1). Instead, Ferdinand II of Spain (in
the foreground) sits on his throne and points toward Columbus’s landing. As the ships arrive, the Arawak
people tower over the Spanish, suggesting the native population density of the islands.
This historic moment in 1492 sparked new rivalries among European powers as they scrambled to create
New World colonies, fueled by the quest for wealth and power as well as by religious passions. Almost
continuous war resulted. Spain achieved early preeminence, creating a far-flung empire and growing
rich with treasures from the Americas. Native Americans who confronted the newcomers from Europe
suffered unprecedented losses of life, however, as previously unknown diseases sliced through their
populations. They also were victims of the arrogance of the Europeans, who viewed themselves as
uncontested masters of the New World, sent by God to bring Christianity to the “Indians.” The Spanish
enslaved Native Americans, forcing them to bring whatever gold could be found to fill Spanish coffers.
Chapter 2 Early Globalization: The Atlantic World, 1492–1650 39
2.1 Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
• Describe Portuguese exploration of the Atlantic and Spanish exploration of the
Americas, and the importance of these voyages to the developing Atlantic World
• Explain the importance of Spanish exploration of the Americas in the expansion of
Spain’s empire and the development of Spanish Renaissance culture
Portuguese colonization of Atlantic islands in the 1400s inaugurated an era of aggressive European
expansion across the Atlantic. In the 1500s, Spain surpassed Portugal as the dominant European power.
This age of exploration and the subsequent creation of an Atlantic World marked the earliest phase of
globalization, in which previously isolated groups—Africans, Native Americans, and Europeans—first
came into contact with each other, sometimes with disastrous resu ...
Age of exploration
The document summarizes the Age of Exploration, beginning with the Middle Ages when exploration was unimportant. It then discusses how feudalism brought stability to Europe and the Crusades exposed Europeans to new ideas and cultures. The Renaissance era saw a renewed interest in exploration. Portugal discovered a sea route to Asia, making them wealthy, which motivated other European powers to explore. Christopher Columbus's voyage in 1492 trying to reach Asia accidentally discovered the Americas, launching the Age of Exploration and European colonization of the New World.
Spanish empire
The document discusses the Spanish Empire under the Habsburg dynasty between the 15th and 17th centuries. It focuses on the Habsburgs' political goals of accessing American resources like gold and silver, protecting Catholicism during the Protestant Reformation, and spreading Christianity. During this period, known as the Spanish Golden Age, Spain's arts and literature flourished under great artists. The Spanish also began colonizing the Americas, initially motivated by trade and religious conversion of indigenous peoples. Their colonization efforts were led by figures like Christopher Columbus and Vasco Nunez de Balboa.
Examen sociales
1. The document discusses the differences between how the Spanish, French, and English colonized America. It explores concepts like the "land of freedom" and the "new world" and how these contrasted with the experiences of Native Americans and enslaved Africans.
2. Key factors that helped Europeans gain control over Native Americans included religion, which colonizers used to justify their actions, and profit, as settlers pursued economic opportunities through industries like fishing, lumber, and the slave trade in the South.
3. While colonizers cited religion as motivation, their actions increasingly focused on exploiting resources for wealth, bringing religion and profit into conflict as two driving forces of colonization.
Historical settlement of north america
This document summarizes the historical settlement of North America by various groups over time. It discusses:
- Early Native American populations and their diversity.
- The initial exploration and settlement of North America by Europeans starting in the 15th century, including the Spanish, French, English and Portuguese.
- The establishment of colonies and the evolution of new cultures as European and Native cultures mixed.
- The major impacts of European contact, including population declines among Native Americans due to disease and conflicts over land use.
Most important historical events in Spain
The document summarizes important historical events in Spain from prehistoric times to modern day. It describes how early hominins inhabited the Iberian Peninsula over 1 million years ago. It then discusses successive rulers of the peninsula including the Celts, Iberians, Romans, Visigoths, Moors, Catholic Monarchs, and the impact of the Industrial Revolution. A key event was Christopher Columbus' voyage in 1492 which led to European exploration of the Americas. The document also briefly outlines Spain's Golden Century of literature and the Spanish Civil War of the 1930s.
Age of exploration
Between 1500-1800:
- European powers expanded globally through exploration and colonization motivated by trade, wealth, and religion. Portugal led expansion in Africa and Asia while Spain dominated in the Americas.
- The slave trade dramatically increased to supply labor for American plantations, devastating parts of Africa and changing its political/social structures.
- Europeans established overseas colonies and trading posts in Asia, Africa and the Americas, transforming global economics and introducing mercantilism. Their presence impacted politics, culture and religion in conquered regions.
The Opening New World
- Marco Polo's account of his travels to China in the 1300s stimulated new east-west trade routes between Europe and Asia. This, along with advances in printing technology, helped spread new ideas.
- Europeans like Columbus began exploring west across the Atlantic in search of new trade routes to Asia in the late 1400s. Columbus made four voyages but did not realize he had discovered a new continent. Others later took credit for this discovery, with mapmakers naming the new lands "America" after Amerigo Vespucci.
- European powers like Spain, England, France, and the Netherlands established colonies in North America during the 1500s-1700s for economic and religious reasons. The early colonies struggled but
Early modern spain
1. Fernando and Isabel united their kingdoms through marriage, creating a powerful Spain. They established the Spanish Inquisition and expelled Jews in 1492.
2. Explorers like Columbus and Magellan expanded Spain's empire, leading to the conquest of the Aztecs and Incas. This introduced new goods, diseases, and slavery to the Americas.
3. The Hapsburg and Bourbon dynasties ruled Spain over subsequent centuries. The Bourbons centralized power and modernized Spain under the influence of the Enlightenment.
Ap euro ch 15
This chapter discusses European exploration and conquest between 1450-1650. It provides context on pre-Columbian trade networks centered around the Indian Ocean, then outlines the political, economic, and technological factors that drove Portuguese, Spanish, Dutch, and English overseas expansion in this period. Key events discussed include the voyages led by Prince Henry the Navigator for Portugal in the 1400s, Vasco de Gama reaching India for Portugal in 1497-1499, Columbus' voyages for Spain starting in 1492, and the establishment of global colonial empires by European powers in the Americas, Africa, and Asia in the 1500s-1600s. The impacts of expanded trade and colonization, such as the Columbian Exchange
W7L3European Age of ExplorationA World Map from Alberto Cantin.docx
W7L3
European Age of Exploration
A World Map from Alberto Cantino, 1502
When we last left Europe, the Islamic trading influences had sparked a revolution of ideas in Italy that began to spread across the cultural centers of European kingdoms. The Italian Renaissance slowly spread across Europe, bringing new innovations in technology, art, music, scientific understanding, mathematics, and medicine. In turn these ideas had sparked the Reformation. However, by the sixteenth century, as the Reformation picked up steam and began spreading radical religious ideas throughout Christendom, already some European kingdoms had begun applying Renaissance inventions to new economic opportunities: Exploration.
The presence of patronage throughout royal courts had encouraged a stability of economies. This stability was called mercantilism – the economic doctrine that assumes government control of foreign trade is the most important element of ensuring prosperity for a given state. The idea is that trading partners need each other to prosper, so trading states are less likely to war with each other over minor details, lest that diminishes trade. The downside to mercantilism is that it can foster an atmosphere of such extreme competition between two or more states that other states end up falling prey to that intense rivalry. This is exactly what happened with cultures in Africa, North America, the Caribbean, and Mesoamerica. But the immediacy of stability caused by mercantilism contributed to the standing atmosphere of intellectual curiosity and increasing centralized governments to lead expeditions outside of European domains.
Portugal
The Portuguese had regained control over the Kingdom of Portugal in 1415, when conquering Christian forces had expelled the occupying Moors. Spain still had some years of fighting left to regain control over the remaining Iberian Peninsula, but Portugal began to set its affairs in order and set its sights on increased trade. Playing a key role in this development was Prince Henry the Navigator.
Prince Henry the Navigator extended Portuguese trade ports throughout the coasts of Africa and into India
Prince Henry was very religious and thought that exploring the African coastline might benefit Portugal in economic glory while benefitting African through conversion from mostly Islamic beliefs to Christian ideas. He established a navigation school to increase the knowledge of sailors. New techniques in ship-building allowed for longer journeys with more gods on board. He also spread the idea that courtly chivalrous honor could be achieved through behaviors off the battle-field. In addition to military glory, he thought, knightly behavior could be earned through intellectual exploration, religious piety and missionary work, and the adventure of journeying to places unknown. In the early 1400s, Portuguese sailors began sailing into ports along the African coast. They were there not as conquerors, but as traders.
And so, Portugues.
Unit 6 social science 5th level
The Catholic Monarchs united the Crowns of Castille and Aragon and expanded their territory, forcing Jews and Muslims to convert to Christianity or leave. Christopher Columbus sailed west in 1492 hoping to find a new trade route to Asia but instead discovered the Americas. Spain then organized expeditions to conquer large parts of North and South America in the 16th and 17th centuries. The Enlightenment challenged absolute monarch power and social class privileges in 18th century Europe.
Unit 6 social science 5th level
The Catholic Monarchs united the Crowns of Castille and Aragon and expanded their territory, forcing Jews and Muslims to convert to Christianity or leave. Christopher Columbus sailed west in 1492 hoping to find a new trade route to Asia but instead discovered the Americas. Spain then organized expeditions to conquer large parts of North and South America in the 16th and 17th centuries. The Enlightenment challenged absolute monarch power and social class privileges in 18th century Europe.
PERIOD OF COLONIZATION
SPANISH COLONIZATION IN THE PHILIPPINES *If you want the Ms Powerpoint Presentation of it just email me at gepfelaire@gmail.com
Colonial Literature
The Discovery of the new world, colonial literature, Native Americans, Beringia, Columbus, Amerigo Vespucci, Britain, Spain, Slavery, American Literature. by Nikki Akraminejad
SSWH10.ppt
The document discusses the major factors that led to the Age of Discovery and European expansion between 1450-1700. Some key developments included advances in navigation technology from the Scientific Revolution like the caravel ship and magnetic compass that enabled long distance travel. Motivations for exploration included seeking gold, glory for their nation, and spreading Christianity ("God, glory, and gold"). Portugal led initial exploration down the coast of Africa. Major explorers included Columbus, who sailed for Spain and reached the Americas believing he found India, and Magellan, who was the first to circumnavigate the globe. European powers established colonial empires through conquest and the slave trade had devastating impacts on African societies. The Columbian Exchange also introduced new crops, animals
The golden Age of Spain and Portugal
Portugal and Spain first rose to economic prominence through worldwide trading activity starting in the 15th century. They were motivated by spreading Christianity ("God"), gaining fame and wealth ("glory and gold"). Portugal's Prince Henry the Navigator established a navigation school and sponsored voyages down the west African coast. Bartolomeu Dias was the first to sail around the Cape of Good Hope in 1487. Vasco da Gama reached India in 1498, establishing Portugal as a colonial power. Spain sponsored Columbus' voyages westward beginning in 1492, leading to Spanish conquests of the Aztec and Inca empires and colonization of the Americas. This established Spain and Portugal as the first global colonial empires, controlling
The Modern Age in Spain (I)
During the 15th and 16th centuries in Spain:
- Ferdinand and Isabella unified the country and imposed Catholicism, establishing the Spanish Inquisition.
- Their support of Columbus led to the discovery of America in 1492, bringing gold and silver back to Spain.
- Under King Charles I and King Philip II, Spain built a vast overseas empire through further exploration and conquest, most notably defeating the Moors in Granada. However, the costs of maintaining this empire began to economically drain Spain.
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When worlds collide
- 1. When Worlds Collide By: Maria Moreno Professor Arguello History 33
- 3. According to the conventional narrative of the last five hundred years, before Columbus arrived the Americas were filled with primitive peoples who were easily conquered by a vastly superior European culture.
- 6. While this lineage made him part of the first generation of Mestizos born after the Spanish conquest, Garcilaso called himself "El Inca" in honor of his noble indigenous heritage.
- 7. In time, he would become the first American-born author