The document summarizes important historical events in Spain from prehistoric times to modern day. It describes how early hominins inhabited the Iberian Peninsula over 1 million years ago. It then discusses successive rulers of the peninsula including the Celts, Iberians, Romans, Visigoths, Moors, Catholic Monarchs, and the impact of the Industrial Revolution. A key event was Christopher Columbus' voyage in 1492 which led to European exploration of the Americas. The document also briefly outlines Spain's Golden Century of literature and the Spanish Civil War of the 1930s.

1. MOST IMPORTANT HISTORICAL
EVENTS IN SPAIN

2. PREHISTORIC
IBERIA 1.500.00 BC-
900 BC
Hominin inhabitation of the Iberian
Peninsula dates from the
Paleolithic. Early Hominin remains
have been discovered at a number
of sites on the peninsula.
Significant evidence of an
extended occupation of Iberia by
Neanderthal man has also been
discovered in ATAPUERCA.
It contains several caves, where
fossils and stone tools of the
earliest inhabitants in West Europe
have been found. The earliest
hominids may have dated to 1.2
million years ago, representing the
first in Europe. "The Archeological
Site of Atapuerca" has been
designated a UNESCO world
Heritage site.

3. CELTS 900 BC- 400 BC
During the iron age celts came to Iberia peninsula Celts lived in “Castros” which is a type of fortified
from middle Europe. They were mainly fishermen, settlements with a nonuniform distribution. Their
farmers and miners. houses were circular with onluy one room and
theyr were made with adobe and straw.

4. IBERIANS 400BC- 130 BC
Iberians lived in walled cities forming well- They worked mainly on agriculture and livestock.
organized streets. Their houses were rectangular Iberian had their own currency and they also knew
with two independent rooms. the writing.

5. ANCIENT
ROME
409 AC
139 BC-
The Roman occupation lasted almost
200 years, culminating in the
conquests of Julius Caesar the Celts of
Asturias and Cantabria, achieving full
control of the peninsula under Roman
rule and its conversion in the province
under the name of Hispania. Hispania's
name means "land of rabbits"
The people of Spain adopted Roman
culture, language and laws, gained
importance in the empire, as even
three Roman emperors, Trajan,
Hadrian and Theodosius also the
philosopher Lucius Seneca Anneo and
other important personalities were
born on the peninsula .

6. ANCIENT ROME 139 BC- 409
AC
Peninsular division in the Roman Empire

7. VISIGOTHS
409- 711
​
The first idea of Spain as a
country is materialized with
the Visigothic monarchy. The
Visigoths aspired to the
territorial unity of Hispania
and they got all the successive
defeats on the Suabians,
Basques and Byzantines. They
were characterized by work
done in bronze and gold
jewelry. The Visigothic
kingdom also established a
centralized capital both
political and religious power
in Toledo.

8. AL-ÁNDALUS
711 - 1492
•Al –Andalus (‫ )الندلس‬was the
Arabic name of the Iberian Peninsula
governed by Muslins in the period
between 711 and 1492 (Middle Ages)
• Due to several wars with the
Christian Kingdoms, and the
beginning of the Reconquista, the
territorial boundaries underwent
constant changes.
•Al-Andalus existed in conflict with
Christian Kingdoms, to the North,
which at first were forced into
subservience, but eventually
overpowered their Muslim
neighbours to the South.
•In 1492, the Emirate of Granada was
surrendered to the Catholic
Monarchs. The surrender concluded
Al-Andalus as a political entity but the
cultural and social contributions
under Muslim rule still persist in the
Peninsula. (I.e. La Alpujarra).

9. AL-ÁNDALUS
711 - 1492
Some Arabic words surviving
nowadays in our language
are:
• Almohada (pillow)
• Albóndigas (meat balls)
• Turrón (nougat)
• Alcachofas (artichones)
• Algodón (coton)
• Naranja (orange)
• Tambor (drum)
•Zanahoria (carrot)
• Alfombra (carpet)

10. DISCOVERY OF
AMERICA 1492
In the 1492, the voyages of
Columbus initiated European
exploration of the American
continent
Cristobal Colón was a navigator
for Castilla, a country that later
founded modern Spain. He
made four voyages to the
Americas, with his first in 1492,
which resulted in what is widely
referred to as the Discovery of
America He did not actually
reach the mainland until his third
voyage, in 1498, when he
reached South America, and the
fourth voyage, when he reached
Central America.

11. SPANISH GOLDEN CENTURY XVI- XVII
One of the most important writers in Spain was Miguel de Cervantes, who worte “Don
Quijote de la Mancha”. This book is considered the most influence book in Spanish literature

12. SPANISH GOLDEN CENTURY XVI- XVII
This century was specially famous by its writers. Francisco Quevedo and Luis de Gónogora
were fighting “Poetically” each other during their holw lifes.
• LOPE DE VEGA • FRANCISCO DE QUEVEDO
• CALDERÓN DE LA BARCA • LUIS DE GÓNGORA

13. RAILWAY
ACROSS SPAIN
XIX
In the mid-19th
century the Industrial
Revolution began to
change Spain. The
first railway in Spain
was built in 1848 and
by the 1860s railways
had spread across
Spain.

14. INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION XIX
Mining and the iron and steel industries in Spain grew in the late 19th century. However in
1900 Spain was still mainly an agricultural country and it was still poor. Illiteracy was
common in Spain and in 1880-1882 there was a famine in the South .

15. SPANISH CIVIL
WAR 1936- 1939
The Spanish Civil War was a
social conflict, political and
military (who later also would
affect an economic conflict)
that began in Spain after the
failed coup of 17 and 18 July
1936 carried out by the army
against the government of
the Second Spanish Republic,
and that he would be finished
on April 1, 1939 with the last
part of war signed by
Francisco Franco, declared
victory and established a
dictatorship that lasted until
1975.

16. SPAIN NOWADAYS

17. SPAIN NOWADAYS
Madrid in Civil War Madrid Nowadays