This document provides an introduction to the field of science. It explains that science involves making careful observations of the natural world and conducting investigations to understand natural phenomena. Scientists observe using their senses, compare similarities and differences, think critically about their results, and collect evidence to explain their observations. An example is given of Francesco Redi's experiment which showed that flies, not spontaneous generation, caused maggots to form. The document stresses that scientists draw conclusions based on evidence from repeated experiments, not opinions, and that scientific knowledge advances as findings are shared and built upon.

1. Unit 1 Lesson 1:
What is Science?
By: Rasha Shawky

2. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
What All Scientists Do
• Science is the study of the natural world through
careful observation and investigation. There are
many branches of science.
• Scientists use investigations to try to explain how
and why things in the natural world happen.
• Investigations are procedures carried out to
observe, study, or test something. To answer
questions about the world.

3. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
What All Scientists Do
• All scientists observe by using their five senses to
collect information.
• All scientists compare by finding ways objects
and events are similar and different.

4. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Scientists must think critically about the results of
their investigations to learn more about the
natural world.
• Scientists collect evidence, or information, to
explain observations during a scientific
investigation.

5. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Here is an example of a scientist collecting
evidence:
• In the 1660s, a scientist named Dr. Francesco
Redi designed an experiment on maggots.
• At that time, most people thought maggots grew
out of rotting meat.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NuiKxLAT6o

6. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Redi put fresh meat in two jars. He covered one
jar with cloth and left the other jar uncovered.

7. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• He observed the meat over many days.
• He saw that flies landed on the meat in the
uncovered jar. No flies landed on the meat in the
covered jar.

8. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Soon, there were maggots on the meat in the
uncovered jar. There were no maggots on the
meat in the covered jar.

9. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Redi repeated the experiment many times.
• Each time, he observed the same thing: Maggots
grew on meat that flies landed on, but no
maggots appeared on meat with no flies.
• He concluded that maggots come from eggs that
flies lay.

10. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Which jar would the meat in the image below
have been in?
https://quizizz.com/join?gc=68013709

11. How to Draw Conclusions
• Scientists repeat investigations over and over to
draw conclusions. The conclusions are always
based on evidence.
• A scientist uses inferences to draw conclusions
based on evidence.
• Inference is an idea based on observation.
• Scientists do not use feelings or opinions to draw
conclusions.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?

12. Observation and Inference
• The eagle’s beak is very sharp( Observation/ Inference ).
• It uses its beak to tear flesh into bite sized chunks ( Observation/ Inference ).

13. Observation and Inference
• you can see water vapor ( Observation/ Inference ).
• The soup is hot ( Observation/ Inference).
How would you know this bowl is hot or cold without
touching it ?

14. Observation and Inference
• There are water drops on the window glass ( Observation/ Inference ).
• It has been raining ( Observation/ Inference).
• Somebody has sprayed water on it ( Observation/ Inference).

15. Opinion or Evidence?
• Opinions are beliefs or judgments.
• Scientists do not use opinions to draw conclusions.
• Personal feelings and opinions should not affect
how you do investigations or your conclusions.
• You should not ignore evidence, even if you do not
like what it means.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?

16. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
Knowledge Grows
• Scientists communicate, or share, the results of
investigations.
• Other scientists can repeat the investigations and
compare the results.
• Scientific knowledge grows as scientists expand
on one another’s ideas.

17. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Many people work as many different types of
scientists.
• Astronomers: study how the universe works, using
time and space relationships to investigate it
• Botanists: investigate questions about plants, such
as how environmental conditions impact the plant
cycle
• Taxonomists: identify and classify living things into
categories based on specific characteristics

18. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
Meet Scientists
• Scientists may need to place objects or events one
another in the correct sequence in order.
• How do you know the order, or correct sequence, for
the images below?

19. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
Meet Scientists
• They may also need to classify objects or events into
categories based on specific characteristics.