What is Science?

1. Unit 1 Lesson 1:
What is Science?
By: Rasha Shawky

2. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
What All Scientists Do
• Science is the study of the natural world through
careful observation and investigation. There are
many branches of science.
• Scientists use investigations to try to explain how
and why things in the natural world happen.
• Investigations are procedures carried out to
observe, study, or test something. To answer
questions about the world.

3. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
What All Scientists Do
• All scientists observe by using their five senses to
collect information.
• All scientists compare by finding ways objects
and events are similar and different.

4. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Scientists must think critically about the results of
their investigations to learn more about the
natural world.
• Scientists collect evidence, or information, to
explain observations during a scientific
investigation.

5. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Here is an example of a scientist collecting
evidence:
• In the 1660s, a scientist named Dr. Francesco
Redi designed an experiment on maggots.
• At that time, most people thought maggots grew
out of rotting meat.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8NuiKxLAT6o

6. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Redi put fresh meat in two jars. He covered one
jar with cloth and left the other jar uncovered.

7. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• He observed the meat over many days.
• He saw that flies landed on the meat in the
uncovered jar. No flies landed on the meat in the
covered jar.

8. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Soon, there were maggots on the meat in the
uncovered jar. There were no maggots on the
meat in the covered jar.

9. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Redi repeated the experiment many times.
• Each time, he observed the same thing: Maggots
grew on meat that flies landed on, but no
maggots appeared on meat with no flies.
• He concluded that maggots come from eggs that
flies lay.

10. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Which jar would the meat in the image below
have been in?
https://quizizz.com/join?gc=68013709

11. How to Draw Conclusions
• Scientists repeat investigations over and over to
draw conclusions. The conclusions are always
based on evidence.
• A scientist uses inferences to draw conclusions
based on evidence.
• Inference is an idea based on observation.
• Scientists do not use feelings or opinions to draw
conclusions.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?

12. Observation and Inference
• The eagle’s beak is very sharp( Observation/ Inference ).
• It uses its beak to tear flesh into bite sized chunks ( Observation/ Inference ).

13. Observation and Inference
• you can see water vapor ( Observation/ Inference ).
• The soup is hot ( Observation/ Inference).
How would you know this bowl is hot or cold without
touching it ?

14. Observation and Inference
• There are water drops on the window glass ( Observation/ Inference ).
• It has been raining ( Observation/ Inference).
• Somebody has sprayed water on it ( Observation/ Inference).

15. Opinion or Evidence?
• Opinions are beliefs or judgments.
• Scientists do not use opinions to draw conclusions.
• Personal feelings and opinions should not affect
how you do investigations or your conclusions.
• You should not ignore evidence, even if you do not
like what it means.
Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?

16. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
Knowledge Grows
• Scientists communicate, or share, the results of
investigations.
• Other scientists can repeat the investigations and
compare the results.
• Scientific knowledge grows as scientists expand
on one another’s ideas.

17. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
• Many people work as many different types of
scientists.
• Astronomers: study how the universe works, using
time and space relationships to investigate it
• Botanists: investigate questions about plants, such
as how environmental conditions impact the plant
cycle
• Taxonomists: identify and classify living things into
categories based on specific characteristics

18. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
Meet Scientists
• Scientists may need to place objects or events one
another in the correct sequence in order.
• How do you know the order, or correct sequence, for
the images below?

19. Unit 1 Lesson 1 What Is Science?
Meet Scientists
• They may also need to classify objects or events into
categories based on specific characteristics.