The document outlines concepts of motion, including position, reference points, distance, and displacement. It defines motion as a change in position relative to a reference point and distinguishes between distance as a scalar quantity and displacement as a vector quantity. Additionally, it discusses speed, including average and instantaneous speed, with examples to illustrate the calculations involved.

1. Module 2
MOTION
Lesson 1
DESCRIBING MOTION

2. DESCRIBING POSITION
How would you describe
where you are right now?
Each description states
your location relative to a
certain point.

3.  A Reference point is the starting
point you choose to describe the
location, or position of an object.
 A Position is an object’s distance and
direction from a reference point.
 A complete description of your
position includes a distance, a
direction and a reference point.
DESCRIBING POSITION

4. What is the reference point for the
boat?

5.  Motion.- is the change in an object’s
position relative to a reference
point.
DESCRIBING MOTION
Describing Changes in Position

6.  An object is in motion if its position
changes relative to a reference
point.
DESCRIBING MOTION
Motion Relative to a Reference
Point.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ccn-tSovM7o

7.  The man in the boat is not in motion compare
to his fishing pole.
 He is in motion compared to the buoy
because the man’s distance from the buoy
changes.

8. Quantities
Scalar Quantity Vector Quantity
DESCRIBING MOTION
Motion Relative to a Reference
Point.
Contains
magnitude and
unit
e.g. 10 m
Contains
magnitude, unit
and direction
e.g. 10 m North

9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iLB_4Wu2QOg

10. DESCRIBING MOTION
Distance and Displacement

11.  Distance describes how far an
object has moved.
 Distance depends on the path
taken, and it is a scalar quantity.
DESCRIBING MOTION
Distance and Displacement
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/vvZbdZs34jU
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9z-EIcdJ9VY till 4:15

12.  Displacement is the difference
between the initial position and
final position of an object.
 Displacement is the distance and
direction of the object’s change in
position.
 Displacement is a vector quantity
because it has direction.
DESCRIBING MOTION
Distance and Displacement

13. DESCRIBING MOTION
Distance and Displacement
The distance is the red path.
The displacement is the blue arrow.

14. Distance vs Displacement
Study Figure on the left.
1. The boy rides his bicycle
from Point A to B to C.
What is the total distance
he covered?
2.What is the
displacement?

15. Distance and Displacement
HOUSE
Starting Point
SCHOOL
Ending Point
1 Km
1 Km
0.5 Km
The car’s displacement was 0.5 Km to the south
The distance traveled was 2.5 km

16. Displacement
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9z-EIcdJ9VY till 4:15

17. Adding Displacement

18. https://quizizz.com/join?gc=92256784

19. SPEED
 Which is faster?
 Which animal covers more distance
in one second (unit time)?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kvknqnZQCfI

20.  Speed is a measure of the distance
an object travels per unit of time. It
is a scalar quantity.
Speed = Distance Speed= d
Time t
SPEED
Speed describes how fast you move
speed= m/s, Km/h, mph
d=distance=m, Km, mile
t= time=min, hr, s

22. A car moves 100 kilometers in 2
hours.
Distance and time:
Speed
Step I – write the GIVEN Step 2 – write the FORMULA
Step 3 – Solve Step 4 – Write your
answer

23. Step I – write the GIVEN Step 2 – write the FORMULA
Step 3 – Solve Step 4 – Write your
answer
A boy walks 6 centimeters in 2
seconds.What is his speed?

25.  Constant Speed is is the rate of
change of position in which the same
distance is traveled.
 Instantaneous speed is speed at a
specific instant in time.
SPEED

26.  Average speed is the total distance
traveled divided by the total time
taken to travel that distance.
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_
cwhvYk67EI
SPEED

27.  Example
SPEED
Ball
Lift 1 sec
A 2 s
B 3 s
C
3m
8m
16m
The instantaneus speed for A is 3 m/s
The instantaneous speed for B is 8m= 4m/s
2s
The average speed is equal to 16m = 5.3 m/s
3

28. SPEED
Average Speed
 Example: Melissa shot a model rocket 360m
into the air. It took the rocket 4 s to fly that far.
What is the average speed of the rocket?
 Distance: d=360m
 Time: t=4s
 v=d/t =360m/4s
 v= 90m/s
 Answer: The average speed was 90 m/s

29. SPEED
 It takes Ahmed 50 s on his bicycle to reach his
friend’s house 250 m away. What is his
average speed?
 A Truck makes a trip that covers 2,380 Km in
28 hours. What is the driver’s average speed?
v= d
t

30. Graphing Motion
At rest

31. Graphing Motion