It is an international non- profit, professional organisation or the advancement of technology related to electricity. It is the largest professional organization in the world with more than 3,60,000 members in around 175 countries.

1. IEEE Standard 802
What is the IEEE?
It is an international non- profit, professional organisation or the advancement of technology related to electricity. It is the largest
professional organization in the world with more than 3,60,000 members in around 175 countries.
What does the IEEE do?
IEEE produces 30% of the world’s literature in the electrical and electronics engineering and computer science field. It sponsors or
co- sponsors more than 300 international technical conferences each year.It publishes extensive range of peer- reviewed journals.
It has major international standards body( nearly 900 active standards with 700 under development
IEEE 802 Standards
IEEE 802 is a family of standards for LANs, which defines an LLC and several MAC sub layers.
IEEE 802.1 standards
802.1B
802.1B-1992 LAN/MAN Management Withdrawn in 2004
802.1k-1993 Discovery and Dynamic Control of Event Forwarding
(Amendment to 802.1B-1992)
Withdrawn in 2004
802.1D
802.1D-1990 MAC Bridges Superseded by 802.1D-1998
802.1i-1995 FDDI bridging (see ANSI X3T9.5) Superseded
802.1j-1996 Managed objects for MAC Bridges Superseded by 802.1D-1998
P802.1p Traffic Class Expediting and Dynamic Multicast Filtering Merged into 802.1D-1998
802.1D-1998 MAC Bridges (rollup of 802.1D-1990, 802.1j, 802.6k, P802.12e
and P802.1p)
Superseded by 802.1D-2004
P802.1r GARP Proprietary Attribute Registration Protocol (GPRP) Withdrawn
802.1t-2001 Technical and Editorial corrections for 802.1D-1998 Incorporated into 802.1D-
2004
802.1w-2001 Rapid Reconfiguration of Spanning Tree Incorporated into 802.1D-
2004
P802.1y Maintenance to 802.1D-1998 Merged into 802.1D-2004
802.1D-2004 MAC Bridges (rollup of 802.1D-1998, 802.1t, 802.1w, P802.1y,
and 802.11c)
Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2014
802.1E
802.1E-1990 System Load Protocol Withdrawn in 2004

2. 802.1m-1993 Managed objects for System Load Protocol (Amendment to
802.1E-1990)
Withdrawn in 2004
802.1F
802.1F-1993 Common Definitions and Procedures for IEEE 802 Management
Information
Withdrawn in 2009
802.1G
802.1G-1996 Remote MAC Bridging Withdrawn in 2009
802.1H
802.1H-1995 Ethernet MAC Bridging Withdrawn in 2011
802.1Q
802.1Q-1998 Virtual LANs Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2005
802.1s-2002 Multiple Spanning Trees Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2005
802.1u-2001 Technical and Editorial corrections for 802.1Q-1998 Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2005
802.1v-2001 VLAN Classification by Protocol and Port Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2005
P802.1z Maintenance to 802.1Q-1998 Merged into 802.1Q-2005
802.1Q-2005 VLAN Bridges (Rollup of 802.1Q-1998, 802.1s, 802.1u and
802.1v and P802.1z)
Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2011
802.1ad-2005 Provider Bridging Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2011
802.1ag-2007 Connectivity Fault Management Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2011
802.1ah-2008 Provider Backbone Bridge (PBB) Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2011
802.1aj-2009 Two Port MAC Relay (TPMR) Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2011
802.1ak-2007 Replace GARP with Multiple Registration Protocol (MRP),
MVRP and MMRP.
Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2011
802.1Q-
2005/Cor1-
2008
Technical corrections for Multiple Registration Protocol Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2011

3. 802.1ap-2008 Management Information Base (MIB) definitions for VLAN
Bridges
Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2011
802.1aq-2012 Shortest Path Bridging (SPB) Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2014
802.1Qat-2010 Stream Reservation Protocol (SRP) Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2011
802.1Qau-2010 Congestion Management Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2011
802.1Qav-2009 Forwarding and Queuing Enhancements for Time-sensitive
Streams
Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2011
802.1Qaw-2009 Management of Data-Driven and Data-Dependent Connectivity
Faults
Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2011
802.1Qay-2009 Provider Backbone Bridge Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE) Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2011
802.1Q-2011 VLAN Bridges (Rollup of 802.1Q-2005+Cor-1 and
802.1ad/ag/ah/aj/ak/ap/Qat/Qav/Qaw/Qay/Qau)
Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2014
802.1Qaz-2011 Enhanced Transmission Selection for Bandwidth Sharing
Between Traffic Classes
Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2014
802.1Qbb-2011 Priority-based Flow Control Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2014
802.1Qbc-2011 Provider Bridging — Remote Customer Service Interface Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2014
802.1Qbe-2011 Multiple Backbone Service Instance Identifier (I-SID)
Registration Protocol (MIRP)
Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2014
802.1Qbf-2011 PBB-TE Infrastructure Segment Protection Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2014
802.1Qbg-2012 Edge Virtual Bridging Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2014
802.1Q-
2011/Cor2
Minor technical and editorial fixes to 802.1Q-2011 Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2014
P802.1Qbh Bridge port Extension / VN-Tag Merged into 802.1BR
802.1Qbp-2014 Equal Cost Multiple Paths for (Shortest Path Bridging) Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2014
802.1Qbu Frame Pre-emption In progress
802.1Qbv Enhancements for Scheduled Traffic Current
802.1Qbz Enhancements to Bridging of 802.11 Media In progress
802.1Qca Path Control and Reservation Current

4. 802.1Qcc Stream Reservation Protocol (SRP) Enhancements and
Performance Improvements
In progress
802.1Qch Cyclic Queuing and Forwarding In progress
802.1Qcr Asynchronous Traffic Shaping In progress
802.1Q-2014 Bridged Networks (Rollup of 802.1Q-2011+Cor2 and
802.1Qbe/Qbc/Qbb/Qaz/Qbf/Qbg/aq) & functionality
previously specified in 802.1D
Current
802.1X
802.1X-2001 Port Based Network Access Control Incorporated into 802.1X-
2004
P802.1aa Maintenance to 802.1X-2001 Merged into 802.1X-2004
802.1X-2004 Port Based Network Access Control (Rollup of 802.1X-2001 and
P802.1aa)
Incorporated into 802.1Q-
2005
P802.1af Media Access Control (MAC) Key Security Merged into 802.1X-2010
802.1X-2010 Port Based Network Access Control (revision of 802.1X-2004,
including P802.1af)
Current
802.1Xbx MAC Security Key Agreement protocol (MKA) extensions Current
802.1AB
802.1AB-2005 Station and Media Access Control Connectivity Discovery
(LLDP)
Incorporated into 802.1AB-
2009
802.1AB-2009 Station and Media Access Control Connectivity Discovery
(LLDP) (revision to 802.1AB-2005)
Superseded by 802.1AB-
2016
802.1AB-2016 Station and Media Access Control Connectivity Discovery
(LLDP)
Current
802.1AC
802.1AC Media Access Control (MAC) Services Definition (from 802.1D
and 802.1Q)
Current
802.1AE
802.1AE-2006 MAC Security Current
802.1AEbn Galois Counter Mode-Advanced Encryption Standard-256
(GCM-AES-256) Cipher Suite
Current
802.1AEbw Extended Packet Numbering In progress

5. 802.1AR
802.1AR-2009 Secure Device Identity (DevID) Current
802.1AS
802.1AS-2011 Timing and Synchronization for Time-Sensitive Applications in
Bridged Local Area Networks.
Current
802.1AS-
2011/Cor1
Technical and editorial corrections In progress
802.1ASbt Enhancements and performance improvements In progress
802.1AX
802.1AX-2008 Link Aggregation (Initially created as 802.3ad-2000) Incorporated into
802.1AX-2014
802.1AXbk Add support for Provider Bridged Networks and two-port MAC
relays to Link Aggregation
Incorporated into
802.1AX-2014
802.1AXbq Distributed Resilient Network Interconnect Incorporated into
802.1AX-2014
802.1AX-2014 Rollup of 802.1AX, AXbk and AXbq amendments. Current
802.1BA
802.1BA-2011 Audio Video Bridging (AVB) Systems Current
802.1BR
802.1BR-2012 Bridge Port Extension VN-Tag(incorporates work from
P802.1Qbh)
Current
802.1CB
802.1CB Frame Replication and Elimination for Reliability In progress
IEEE 802.2 (Logical Link)
Commonly referred to as the LLC or Logical Link Control specification. The LLC is the top sub-layer in the data-link layer, OSI
Layer 2. Interfaces with the network Layer 3.
IEEE 802.3
Communication standards
Experimental
Ethernet
1973 2.94 Mbit/s (367 kB/s) over coaxial cable (coax) bus

6. Ethernet II
(DIX v2.0)
1982 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over thick coax. Frames have a Type field. This frame
format is used on all forms of Ethernet by protocols in the Internet protocol
suite.
IEEE 802.3
standard
1983 10BASE5 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over thick coax. Same as Ethernet II (above)
except Type field is replaced by Length, and an 802.2 LLC header follows the
802.3 header. Based on the CSMA/CD Process.
802.3a 1985 10BASE2 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over thin Coax (a.k.a. thinnet or cheapernet)
802.3b 1985 10BROAD36
802.3c 1985 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) repeater specs
802.3d 1987 Fiber-optic inter-repeater link
802.3e 1987 1BASE5 or StarLAN
802.3i 1990 10BASE-T 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over twisted pair
802.3j 1993 10BASE-F 10 Mbit/s (1.25 MB/s) over Fiber-Optic
802.3u 1995 100BASE-TX, 100BASE-T4, 100BASE-FX Fast Ethernet at 100 Mbit/s (12.5
MB/s) w/autonegotiation
802.3x 1997 Full Duplex and flow control; also incorporates DIX framing, so there's no
longer a DIX/802.3 split
802.3y 1998 100BASE-T2 100 Mbit/s (12.5 MB/s) over low quality twisted pair
802.3z 1998 1000BASE-X Gbit/s Ethernet over Fiber-Optic at 1 Gbit/s (125 MB/s)
802.3-1998 1998 A revision of base standard incorporating the above amendments and errata
802.3ab 1999 1000BASE-T Gbit/s Ethernet over twisted pair at 1 Gbit/s (125 MB/s)
802.3ac 1998 Max frame size extended to 1522 bytes (to allow "Q-tag") The Q-tag includes
802.1Q VLAN information and 802.1p priority information.
802.3ad 2000 Link aggregation for parallel links, since moved to IEEE 802.1AX
802.3-2002 2002 A revision of base standard incorporating the three prior amendments and errata
802.3ae 2002 10 Gigabit Ethernet over fiber; 10GBASE-SR, 10GBASE-LR, 10GBASE-ER,
10GBASE-SW, 10GBASE-LW, 10GBASE-EW
802.3af 2003 Power over Ethernet (15.4 W)
802.3ah 2004 Ethernet in the First Mile
802.3ak 2004 10GBASE-CX4 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over twinaxial cables
802.3-2005 2005 A revision of base standard incorporating the four prior amendments and errata.
802.3an 2006 10GBASE-T 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over unshielded twisted pair
(UTP)
802.3ap 2007 Backplane Ethernet (1 and 10 Gbit/s (125 and 1,250 MB/s) over printed circuit
boards)
802.3aq 2006 10GBASE-LRM 10 Gbit/s (1,250 MB/s) Ethernet over multimode fiber
P802.3ar Cancelled Congestion management (withdrawn)
802.3as 2006 Frame expansion
802.3at 2009 Power over Ethernet enhancements (25.5 W)
802.3au 2006 Isolation requirements for Power over Ethernet (802.3-2005/Cor 1)
802.3av 2009 10 Gbit/s EPON
802.3aw 2007 Fixed an equation in the publication of 10GBASE-T (released as 802.3-
2005/Cor 2)
802.3-2008 2008 A revision of base standard incorporating the 802.3an/ap/aq/as amendments,
two corrigenda and errata. Link aggregation was moved to 802.1AX.
802.3az 2010 Energy-efficient Ethernet
802.3ba 2010 40 Gbit/s and 100 Gbit/s Ethernet. 40 Gbit/s over 1 m backplane, 10 m Cu cable
assembly (4×25 Gbit or 10×10 Gbit lanes) and 100 m of MMF and 100 Gbit/s
up to 10 m of Cu cable assembly, 100 m of MMF or 40 km of SMF respectively
802.3-2008/Cor 1 2009 Increase Pause Reaction Delay timings which are insufficient for 10 Gbit/s
(workgroup name was 802.3bb)

7. 802.3bc 2009 Move and update Ethernet related TLVs (type, length, values), previously
specified in Annex F of IEEE 802.1AB (LLDP) to 802.3.
802.3bd 2010 Priority-based Flow Control. An amendment by the IEEE 802.1 Data Center
Bridging Task Group (802.1Qbb) to develop an amendment to IEEE Std 802.3
to add a MAC Control Frame to support IEEE 802.1Qbb Priority-based Flow
Control.
802.3.1 2011 MIB definitions for Ethernet. It consolidates the Ethernet related MIBs present
in Annex 30A&B, various IETF RFCs, and 802.1AB annex F into one master
document with a machine readable extract. (workgroup name was P802.3be)
802.3bf 2011 Provide an accurate indication of the transmission and reception initiation times
of certain packets as required to support IEEE P802.1AS.
802.3bg 2011 Provide a 40 Gbit/s PMD which is optically compatible with existing carrier
SMF 40 Gbit/s client interfaces (OTU3/STM-256/OC-768/40G POS).
802.3-2012 2012 A revision of base standard incorporating the 802.3at/av/az/ba/bc/bd/bf/bg
amendments, a corrigenda and errata.
802.3bj June 2014 Define a 4-lane 100 Gbit/s backplane PHY for operation over links consistent
with copper traces on “improved FR-4” (as defined by IEEE P802.3ap or better
materials to be defined by the Task Force) with lengths up to at least 1 m and a
4-lane 100 Gbit/s PHY for operation over links consistent with copper
twinaxial cables with lengths up to at least 5 m.
802.3bk 2013 This amendment to IEEE Std 802.3 defines the physical layer specifications
and management parameters for EPON operation on point-to-multipoint
passive optical networks supporting extended power budget classes of PX30,
PX40, PRX40, and PR40 PMDs.
802.3bm 2015 100G/40G Ethernet for optical fiber
802.3bp June 2016 1000BASE-T1 – Gigabit Ethernet over a single twisted pair, automotive &
industrial environments
802.3bq June 2016 25G/40GBASE-T for 4-pair balanced twisted-pair cabling with 2 connectors
over 30 m distances
802.3bs ~2017 400 Gbit/s Ethernet over optical fiber using multiple 25G/50G lanes
802.3bt ~2017 Power over Ethernet enhancements up to 100 W using all 4 pairs balanced
twisted-pair cabling, lower standby power and specific enhancements to
support IoT applications (e.g. Lighting, sensors, building automation).
802.3bw 2015 100BASE-T1 – 100 Mbit/s Ethernet over a single twisted pair for automotive
applications
802.3-2015 2015 802.3bx – a new consolidated revision of the 802.3 standard including
amendments 802.3bk/bj/bm
802.3by June 2016 Optical fiber, twinax and backplane 25 Gigabit Ethernet
802.3bz Sept 2016 2.5GBASE-T and 5GBASE-T – 2.5 Gigabit and 5 Gigabit Ethernet over Cat-
5/Cat-6 twisted pair
802.3ca ~2019 100G-EPON – 25 Gb/s, 50 Gb/s, and 100 Gb/s over Ethernet Passive Optical
Networks
802.3cc ~2017 25 Gb/s over Single Mode Fiber
802.3cd ~2018
802.5 (Token Ring)
Introduced in 1984 by IBM.
The original token-passing standard for twisted-pair, shielded copper cables. Supports copper and fiber cabling from 4 Mbps to 100
Mbps. Often called "IBM Token-Ring."
802.6 (Distributed queue dual bus (DQDB)
"Superseded **Revision of 802.1D-1990 edition (ISO/IEC 10038). 802.1D incorporates P802.1p and P802.12e. It also incorporates
and supersedes published standards 802.1j and 802.6k. Superseded by 802.1D-2004."

8. 802.7 (Broadband LAN Practices)
IEEE 802.7 is a sub-standard of the IEEE 802 which covers broadband local area networks.
Withdrawn Standard. Withdrawn Date: Feb 07, 2003.
802.8 (Fiber Optic Practices)
The Fiber Optic Technical Advisory Group was to create a LAN standard for fiber optic media used in token passing computer
networks like FDDI.
802.9 (Integrated Services LAN)
The 802.9 Working Group of the IEEE 802 networking committee developed standards for integrated voice and data access over
existing Category 3 twisted-pair network cable installations. Its major standard was usually known as isoEthernet. It is now
disbanded.
802.10 (Interoperable LAN security)
The IEEE 802.10 standards were withdrawn in January 2004 and this working group of the IEEE 802 is not currently active. Security
for wireless networks was standardized in 802.11i
Superseded **Contains: IEEE Std 802.10b-1992.
802.11 (Wi-Fi)
Wireless LAN Media Access Control and Physical Layer specification. 802.11a,b,g,etc. are amendments to the original 802.11
standard. Products that implement 802.11 standards must pass tests and are referred to as "Wi-Fi certified." IEEE 802.11 is a set of
media access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications for implementing wireless local area network (WLAN)
computer communication in the 900 MHz and 2.4, 3.6, 5, and 60 GHz frequency bands.

9. 802.11
protocol
Release
date
Fre-
quency
Band-
width
(GHz) (MHz)
802.11-1997 Jun 1997 2.4 22
a Sep 1999 5 20
3.7
b Sep 1999 2.4 22
g Jun 2003 2.4 20
n Oct 2009 2.4/5 20
40
ac Dec 2013 5 20
40
80
160
ad Dec 2012 60 2,160
ah Est. Dec 2016 0.9
aj Est. Jul 2017 45/60
ax Est. Dec 2018 2.4/5
ay Est. Nov 2019 60 8000
az Est. Mar 2021 60
802.11a
● Specifies a PHY that operates in the 5 GHz U-NII band in the US - initially 5.15-5.35 AND 5.725-5.85 - since expanded
to additional frequencies
● Uses Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing
● Enhanced data speed to 54 Mbps
● Ratified after 802.11b
802.11b
● Enhancement to 802.11 that added higher data rate modes to the DSSS (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum) already defined
in the original 802.11 standard
● Boosted data speed to 11 Mbps
● 22 MHz Bandwidth yields 3 non-overlaping channels in the frequency range of 2.400 GHz to 2.4835 GHz
● Beacons at 1 Mbps, falls back to 5.5, 2, or 1 Mbps from 11 Mbps max.
802.11d

10. ● Enhancement to 802.11a and 802.11b that allows for global roaming
● Particulars can be set at Media Access Control (MAC) layer
802.11e
● Enhancement to 802.11 that includes quality of service (QoS) features
● Facilitates prioritization of data, voice, and video transmissions
802.11g
● Extends the maximum data rate of WLAN devices that operate in the 2.4 GHz band, in a fashion that permits interoperation
with 802.11b devices
● Uses OFDM Modulation (Orthogonal FDM)
● Operates at up to 54 megabits per second (Mbps), with fall-back speeds that include the "b" speeds
802.11h
● Enhancement to 802.11a that resolves interference issues
● Dynamic frequency selection (DFS)
● Transmit power control (TPC)
802.11i
● Enhancement to 802.11 that offers additional security for WLAN applications
● Defines more robust encryption, authentication, and key exchange, as well as options for key caching and pre-
authentication
802.11j
● Japanese regulatory extensions to 802.11a specification
● Frequency range 4.9 GHz to 5.0 GHz
802.11k
● Radio resource measurements for networks using 802.11 family specifications
802.11m
● Maintenance of 802.11 family specifications
● Corrections and amendments to existing documentation
802.11n
● Higher-speed standards
● Several competing and non-compatible technologies; often called "pre-n"
● Top speeds claimed of 108, 240, and 350+ MHz
● Competing proposals come from the groups, EWC, TGn Sync, and WWiSE and are all variations based on MIMO
(multiple input, multiple output)
802.11x
● Mis-used "generic" term for 802.11 family specifications
802.12 (Demand Priority)
Increases Ethernet data rate to 100 Mbps by controlling media utilization.Reserved for Fast Ethernet development.
802.14 (Cable modems)
Withdrawn PAR. Standards project no longer endorsed by the IEEE.
802.15 (Wireless Personal Area Networks)
Communications specification that was approved in early 2002 by the IEEE for wireless personal area networks (WPANs).

11. 802.15.1(Bluetooth)
Short range (10m) wireless technology for cordless mouse, keyboard, and hands-free headset at 2.4 GHz.
802.15.3a (UWB)
Short range, high-bandwidth "ultra wideband" link
802.15.4 (ZigBee)
Short range wireless sensor networks
802.15 (Mesh Network)
● Extension of network coverage without increasing the transmit power or the receiver sensitivity
● Enhanced reliability via route redundancy
● Easier network configuration - Better device battery life
802.16(Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks)
This family of standards covers Fixed and Mobile Broadband Wireless Access methods used to create Wireless Metropolitan Area
Networks (WMANs.) Connects Base Stations to the Internet using OFDM in unlicensed (900 MHz, 2.4, 5.8 GHz) or licensed (700
MHz, 2.5 – 3.6 GHz) frequency bands. Products that implement 802.16 standards can undergo WiMAX certification testing.
802.17(Resilient Packet Ring)
Resilient Packet Ring (RPR), also known as IEEE 802.17, is a protocol standard designed for the optimized transport of data
traffic over optical fiber ring networks. The standard began development in November 2000 and has undergone several amendments
since its initial standard was completed in June 2004. The amended standards are 802.17a through 802.17d, the last of which was
adopted in May 2011. It is designed to provide the resilience found in SONET/SDH networks (50 ms protection) but, instead of
setting up circuit oriented connections, provides a packet based transmission, in order to increase the efficiency of Ethernet and IP
services. It is hibernating at the moment.
802.18 (Radio Regulatory TAG)
IEEE 802.18, the Radio Regulatory Technical Advisory Group ("RR-TAG"), is a working group of IEEE 802, the LAN/MAN
Standards Committee (LMCS). The working group currently has 6 projects on standards for radio-based systems:
● IEEE 802.11 (Wireless Local area network- WLAN)
● IEEE 802.15 (Wireless Personal area network - WPAN)
● IEEE 802.16 (Wireless Metropolitan area network - WMAN)
● IEEE 802.20 (Wireless Mobility)
● IEEE 802.21 (Hand-off/Interoperability Between Networks)
● IEEE 802.22 (Wireless Regional Area Network - WRAN).
802.19(Coexistence TAG)
IEEE 802.19 is the Wireless Coexistence Technical Advisory Group (TAG) within the IEEE 802 LAN/MAN Standards Committee.
The TAG deals with coexistence between unlicensed wireless networks.Currently the 802.19 TAG addresses coexistence between
wireless standards under development within IEEE 802.

12. 802.20(Mobile Broadband Wireless Access)
IEEE 802.20 or Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA) is a specification by the standard association of the Institute of
Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for mobile wireless Internet access networks. The main standard was published in
2008. MBWA is no longer being actively developed.
This wireless broadband technology is also known and promoted as iBurst (or HC-SDMA, High Capacity Spatial Division Multiple
Access). It was originally developed by ArrayComm and optimizes the use of its bandwidth with the help of smart antennas. Kyocera
is the manufacturer of iBurst devices.
802.21(Media Independent Handoff)
802.21 is an IEEE standard published in 2008. The standard supports algorithms enabling seamless handover between networks of
the same type as well as handover between different network types also called Media independent handover (MIH) or vertical
handover. The standard provides information to allow handing over to and from 802.3, 802.11, 802.15, 802.16, 3GPP and 3GPP2
networks through different handover mechanisms.
The IEEE 802.21 working group started work in March 2004. More than 30 companies have joined the working group. The group
produced a first draft of the standard including the protocol definition in May 2005. The standard was published January 2009.
802.22(Wireless Regional Area Network)
IEEE 802.22 WRANs are designed to operate in the TV broadcast bands while assuring that no harmful interference is caused to
the incumbent operation: digital TV and analog TV broadcasting, and low power licensed devices such as wireless microphones.
The standard was expected to be finalized in Q1 2010, but was finally published in July 2011.
IEEE P802.22.1 is a related standard being developed to enhance harmful interference protection for low power licensed devices
operating in TV Broadcast Bands. IEEE P802.22.2 is a recommended practice for the installation and deployment of IEEE 802.22
Systems. IEEE 802.22 WG is a working group of IEEE 802 LAN/MAN standards committee which was chartered to write the
802.22 standard. The two 802.22 task groups (TG1 and TG2) are writing 802.22.1 and 802.22.2 respectively.
802.24 (Vertical Applications TAG)
Acts as a liaison and point of contact with industry organizations, other SDOs, government agencies, IEEE societies, etc., for
questions regarding the use of 802 standards in those vertical applications. Develops white papers, presentations and other
documents that do not require a PAR that describe the application of 802 standards to those vertical applications. Acts as a resource
for understanding 802 standards for regulatory agencies and for certification efforts by industry bodies, which require more than
one IEEE 802 WG's input. Release date- November 2012