The document explains the evolution and significance of CNC (computerized numerical control) machines in manufacturing, highlighting the transition from manual machining and early numerical control systems to standardized programming languages like G-code. It discusses the challenges in programming and production faced before CNC technology, including the inefficiencies and dangers of manual methods. The author also emphasizes the importance of CAD/CAM in modern manufacturing processes, allowing for automation and precision in creating complex designs.

1. What is a CNC machine
and how it relates to programming?
By:
Heydar Elahi
M.Heydar.Elahi@Gmail.com

2. Who am I?
● Hak Felez Mashhad Co.
- IT & Electronics manager
- Researcher
- CNC developer
- Embedded systems designer/developer

3. How we used to make things!

4. Difficulties:
● Needed manpower
● Needed plenty of time
● Was in lower quality
● Had higher costs
● ...

5. Then we made these
Milling Machine Lathe Machine

6. But it was also manual

7. Problems:
● Was hard
● Took time
● Was dangerous
● Product was not precise
● ...

8. We’ve needed to do things automatic! but HOW?

9. So we’ve combined things we had
+

10. Punched tape

11. Then Magnetic tape

12. Still there where problems
● Was hard to produce commands
● Was annoying
● Was hard to manage
● Couldn’t do sophisticated things
● ...

13. Just say what is CNC
for God's sake!

14. CNC stands for
Computer(ized) Numerical Control

15. Then we’ve changed them with this...

16. And this!

17. How to program?
What was before?
By the end of the 50's, NC was starting to catch on, though
there were still a number of issues. For example, G-Code,
the nearly universal language of CNC we have today, did
not exist. Each manufacturer was pushing its own language
for defining part programs.
The Electronic Industry Alliance standardized g-code in the
early 1960's.
(This program draws a 1" diameter circle about the
origin in the X-Y plane. )
G17 G20 G90 G94 G54
G0 Z0.25
X-0.5 Y0.
Z0.1
G01 Z0. F5.
G02 X0. Y0.5 I0.5 J0. F2.5
X0.5 Y0. I0. J-0.5
X0. Y-0.5 I-0.5 J0.
X-0.5 Y0. I0. J0.5
G01 Z0.1 F5.
G00 X0. Y0. Z0.25

18. G-Code
or G programming language
not to be confused with LabVIEW's
G programming language.
(This program draws a 1" diameter circle about the origin in the X-Y plane. )
G17 G20 G90 G94 G54
G0 Z0.25
X-0.5 Y0.
Z0.1
G01 Z0. F5.
G02 X0. Y0.5 I0.5 J0. F2.5
X0.5 Y0. I0. J-0.5
X0. Y-0.5 I-0.5 J0.
X-0.5 Y0. I0. J0.5
G01 Z0.1 F5.
G00 X0. Y0. Z0.25

19. G-Code problems
● Too many codes for small jobs
● No graphic view
● Couldn’t write code for more sophisticated
products
● Needed to calculate and measure things
yourself
● Each manufacturer has it’s own standard
of coding

20. Imagine you want to write a code for doing this job!

21. We invent CAD/CAM

22. CAD - Computer Aided Design

23. CAM - Computer Aided Machining

24. G-Code again!

25. Now we can do this easily

26. Also This

27. Or this

28. Or even this

29. And by changing tool we can cut

30. Can mark

31. Can weld

32. And nowadays we can print objects!

33. What do we do at the factory?

34. Our own CAD/CAM software

35. Our own machines

36. Some samples

37. Thank you all
and The Holy Google :)
By:
Heydar Elahi
M.Heydar.Elahi@Gmail.com