Maharashtra State presentation at National Human Rights Commission, SIP-2013

4. There are 35 districts which are divided
into six revenue divisions and 351 tehsils.
Mumbai is the capital of Maharashtra and
the financial capital of India.

5. • The geographical center of India lies at Nagpur, known as Zero Mile
Stone

6. •Maha (Great) + Rashtrika (Dynasty) =
MAHARASHTRA
•Ancient civilization – Ahmadnagar District
•2nd century BC- Construction of its first
Buddhist caves I appreciate prosperity of
the region.
-Hiuen Tsang
(640-641 BC)
•Mouryan Empire-Trade
advancement
•Satvahanas 230 BC- AD 225-
Pratishthan or modern Paithan was
their capital
• Vakatak, Chalukya, Rashtrakuta-

7. • Alla-ud-din Khiljee: First to attack Deccan in 17
century and tried to keep this region under his
control.
• Shivaji raje Bhosale- Founder of Maratha empire-
Life long struggle against Mughals
• Upto 1860 whole Deccan came under his control
• By 1760, Maratha power had reached its zenith
with a territory of over 250 million acres
(1 million km²) or one-third of the Indian
sub-continent

8. 1680-1802- Maratha Empire continued under Peshwas in
Deccan
General Welseley in 1804 establish military rule in
Deccan and took the region under British Control
Present State was formed, after independence, in 1st
May 1960 having Mumbai as the Capital
It acts as main channel of cultural exchange between
southern to northern India

9. ETC……..

10. •It is an entity built on collective efforts of its people.
•It has own spiritual dimensions and known as Land of Saints.
•Development of a unique Marathi culture.
•Ajanta, Ellora and Elephanta caves, Gateway of India and
architectural structures like Viharas and Chaityas .
•It has produced many important personalities covering almost
every aspect of human development.
•Sizable contribution in sports, arts, literature and social
services.
•It has famous film industry, popularly called “Bollywood”.
•Population- 11,23,72,972
•Growth rate 2001-2011- 15.99%

12. PAITHANI
(Saree)
KOLHAPURI CHAPPAL
MANGOES…!!!
ORANGES…!!!

15. GANESH
CHATURTHI
NAVARATR
I
HOLI
GOKUL ASHTAMI
(DAHI-HANDI)
PRESENTATION ON REPUBLIC DAY

16. • Maharashtra has three of fifteen most important cities of India-
Mumbai, Pune, Nagpur
• Mumbai-commercial/ financial capital of the country; houses the
headquarters of all major banks, financial institutions, insurance
companies, leading airlines in India; India's largest stock exchange
Bombay Stock Exchange (the oldest in Asia)
•Industries:
•The most industrialized state
•Pioneer in Small Scale Industries
•Foreign institutional investment
•Leading automobile production hub
•IT growth centre
•Special export promotion zones
•Agriculture:
Produces oilseeds, groundnut, sunflower, soybean & Crops
like cotton ,sugarcane, turmeric and vegetables

17. • Maharashtra has good human resource development
infrastructure in terms of educational institutions—301
engineering/diploma colleges, 616 industrial training
institutes and more than 24 universities
Mumbai- one of the largest universities in the
world in terms of the number of graduates
Pune- “Oxford of the East” for the quality of
education provided by the Universities in Pune
Nagpur- one of the oldest universities in India

20. Human
Rights
Issues
Farmer
suicide
Atrocities
against SCs,
STs, NTs
Child
Labour
Prisoners
Unorganised
Labour
Education
Women
issues
Naxalism
Land
acquisition
and
displacement
Draught and
water crisis

21. Farmer Suicide
• National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) from 1995 to 2009, over
two lakh peasants committed suicide in the country. Of this the
largest number of 41,000-odd peasant suicides were in
Maharashtra, most of them in the Vidarbha region.
• The main reason was indebtedness, pressure of loan payment and
insufficient production from agriculture.

22. FARMER
SUICIDE
•NO TRADITIONAL SEEDS.
•LACK OF WATER (DROUGHT).
•SOIL INFERTILITY.
•HIGH EXPENSES.
•FARMERS INDEBTINESS.
•AFTER SEEDS TWO OR THREE TIMES
AND ITS WASTED BECAUSE OF LACK OF
WATER.
•WHATEVER DEBT ARE GIVEN BY
GOVERNMENTS ARE USE FOR
DAUGHTERS MARRIAGE.
•LOW YIELDING.
•ILLETRACY OF FARMERS.

23. Tale of small and
marginal farmers

24. Women issue
• Violence against women : According to the data from the
National Crime Record Bureau, in 2008 Maharashtra saw an
increase of 5.42% in the rate of cases of violence against
women as compared to 2007.

25. ISSUES RELATING TO WOMEN
•FEMALE FOTICIDE
•EVIL OF DOWERY
•BACKWARD EDUCATIONAL STATUS
•DISCRIMINITION AGAINST WOMEN IN
SOCIETY.

26. How do communities uphold and
honour a value system which is
based on son preference and
discrimination against girls?
Law prohibits sex
selection…..

27. Female feticide is the selective
abortion/elimination of the girl child in the
womb itself, after the detection of the child’s
gender through medical means. Following
conception, fetal sex is determined by pre-
natal diagnostic techniques after which
female fetuses are aborted.Fetal sex
determination and sex-selective abortion by
medical professionals has grown at
Maharashtra.
Female Foeticide

28. PAY RS 5000/- TODAY AND SAVE 500,000/-.

30. “A hundred million women
who should have been part of this society
have been denied a life because their parents wanted a son.”
-Justice YS Sabharwal
Former Chief Justice of India

31. DRAUGHT
CAUSES:
•Globalization
•Deforestation
•Wastage of water

32. Draught and Water Crisis
Some parts of Vidarbha are also severely affected by draught
In nearly 70% of villages water is not available or if available is not potable in summer season:

33. Regulation and control of Contract Farming
Health Card for Farmers
Interest remission scheme
Accelerated Irrigation Development
Program
Farmers of extreme distress categories shall
be protected
Subsidies on Fertilizers shall be passed to
farmers.
Cold storage for Farmers and Schemes for
food crop forming promotion
RecommendationsRecommendations

34. Land Acquisition
Land Acquisition refers to the process of land acquisition by the
central or state government of a country for various infrastructure
and economic growth initiatives.

35. Amount
reimbursed
is fairly low
with regard
to the
current
index of
prices
prevailing
in the
economy
Poor
Human
Capital of
the
displaced
people
they fail to
get jobs
and are a
victim of
several
problems
Displacement in India only
being considered with
regard to ‘Direct
Displacement’. These
rehabilitation policies do not
cover fisher folk,
landless labours and artisans

36. Legal Framework in India
Land acquisition in India is currently practiced under the Land acquisition Act of 1894.
A new law, named Land Acquisition
and Rehabilitation and
Resettlement Bill, had proposed in
the parliament in 2011 but it is still
pending.
In Maharashtra
MIDC Act (Maharashtra
Industrial Development
Corporation)

37. Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor (DIMC)
Forceful land acquisition will be displacing 9715
families of 69 villages in Maangaon, Roha and Tala
Talukas
Acquired at the
rate of
Rs.20,000-
Rs.25,000 per
acre
The notifications issued to farmers are illegal since the issuing authority SDO does
not have the power to issue notifications of land above the price of Rs. 50, 000.
Livelihood dependent on agriculture are already under extreme stress. With the plans
for the land acquisition for various projects, there will be a disaster in the whole
region for those living on the margins, forcing large scale migrations and
impoverishment.

38. Atrocities against Scheduled Castes
and Scheduled Tribes
The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are two
groups of historically-disadvantaged people recognized in
the Constitution of India. During the period of British rule in the
Indian sub-continent, they were known as the Depressed Classes.
The Constitution (Scheduled Castes) Order, 1950 lists
1,108 caste across 25 states in its First Schedule, and the Constitution
(Scheduled Tribes) Order, 1950 lists 744 tribes across 22 states in its
First Schedule.
Out of a total population of
96,878,627 in Maharashtra
8,577,276 (8.9 per cent) are
Scheduled Tribes (STs).
Crime against tribal’s in Maharashtra is
the highest in India. One crime was committed against
a tribal every day in 2006.

39. Atrocities against Scheduled Castes
and Scheduled Tribes
In 2006, the NCRB recorded 1,053 cases of violations
against Dalit’s in Maharashtra, compared to 865 cases
during 2005 signifying an increase of 21.73 %.
According to “Crime in
Maharasthra-2006”, two
crimes were committed
against Dalits on average
every day in 2006. But the
conviction rate for crimes
committed
against Dalits has also been
very low. According to the
National Crime Records
Bureau, the rate of
filing charge-sheet for
crimes committed
against Dalits in
Maharashtra was 96.3%
during 2006 but the
conviction rate in court was
merely 3.6% during the
same year.
On 4 April 2007, a school headmaster identified
as Mr. Sharad Kaitade, allegedly sprinkled cow
urine on Scheduled Caste students to purify them
at Surewadi village in Bhandara district. Following a
complaint from the parents of the
students, Mr Kaitade was arrested on 17 April 2007
under Section 7 (1) (d) of the Protection of Civil
Rights Act. But he was released on bail the same
day.

40. THE THIRD GENDER
In India, people with a wide range of transgender-related identities, cultures, or
experiences exist – including Hijras, Aravanis, Kothis, Jogtas/Jogappas, and Shiv-Shakthis.
Often these people have been part of the broader culture and treated with great
respect, at least in the past, although some are still accorded particular respect even in
the present.
The term 'transgender people' is generally used to describe those who transgress social
gender norms. Transgender is often used as an umbrella term to signify individuals who
defy rigid, binary gender constructions, and who express or present a breaking and/or
blurring of culturally prevalent stereotypical gender roles. Transgender people may live
full- or part-time in the gender role 'opposite' to their biological sex.
The terms 'transgender' or 'transgender populations/people', used in this brief, while
more encompassing than transgender women, are used to refer to transwomen given
this brief's focus. Sometimes, for brevity, the abbreviation 'TG' is used to denote
transgender women.

41. THE THIRD GENDER
A study conducted in a Mumbai STI clinic reported very high HIV prevalence of 68% and
high syphilis prevalence of 57% among Hijras.
One of the main problems is that the Indian legal system has always remained silent on the
issue of sex change operation. According to Section-320 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC),
'emasculating' (castrating) someone is causing him 'grievous hurt' for which one can be
punished under Sec 325 of the IPC.
The social welfare department does provide a variety of social welfare schemes for
socially and economically disadvantaged groups. However, so far, no specific schemes are
available for Hijras.
Most hijra’s are also harassed by the police by using Section-377 (IPC) and they are also
suspected of kidnapping or castrating children.

42. Legal issues
Legal issues include: legal recognition of their gender identity, same-sex marriage, child
adoption, inheritance, wills and trusts, immigration status, employment discrimination,
and access to public and private health benefits. Getting legal recognition of gender
identity as a woman or transgender woman is also a complicated process.
Transgender people now have the option to vote as a woman or 'other'. However, the
legal validity of the voter's identity card in relation to confirming one's gender identity is
not clear. Hijras had contested elections in the past. It has been documented that the
victory of a transgender person who contested in an election was overturned since that
person contested as a 'female', which was thus considered a fraud and illegal. Thus, the
right to contest in elections is yet to be realised.

43. RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE
CUSTODIAL DEATHS
RIGHTS OF THE CHILD

44. • MSHRC, falls directly under Chief
Minister’s office, has its chairperson
& other members elected on
recommendations made by CM,
home minister, speaker &
Opposition leader.
• The recommendations are then sent
to Governor for approval.
• Presently offices of chairperson,
registrar & two members lying
vacant.
• The commission, which has over
four thousand cases pending before
it, has been receiving at least 30 new
cases every day.

45. • State schools not giving SC
scholarships
• Maharashtra not doing enough for
disabled
• NHRC takes stock of land issues in
Maharashtra
• NHRC takes note of college and
school problems in Maharashtra

46. Suggestions and Recommendations
Need of strong State Human Rights commission
Training and awareness about Human Rights
Political Will
Steps needed to be taken for the protection of
vulnerable groups and atrocities against NT, DNTs
shall be special attention.
51 Schemes are existing , especially for NTs-6, But
they shall be reviewed and implemented properly.

47. •Maharashtra state government should
concentrate on awareness and realisation of
Human Rights so that the people themselves
will be able to understand and became
sensitive to their human rights.
•And further all steps shall be taken for better
promotion and protection of Human rights.

49. If faith in ourselves had
been more extensively taught
and practiced,
I am sure a very large portion
of the evils and miseries that
we have would have vanished
- Swami Vivekananda