The document discusses question formation in English. It explains that wh-questions begin with interrogative words like what, who, when, why and are used to request information. It provides rules for forming wh-questions based on whether the original sentence contains an auxiliary verb or not. For sentences with auxiliary verbs, the subject and verb are inverted. For sentences without auxiliary verbs, the main verb is changed to its base form and the auxiliary "do" is added before inverting the subject and verb. Examples are provided to illustrate these rules.

1. BY
ZHIAN FADHIL ASAAD

2. When there is:
•A helping verb
A modal
•To be

3. •It is raining
•He has gone out
•Is it raining?
•Has he gone out?
She can play the piano. Can she play
piano?

4. She doesn’t come here often.
Doesn’t she come here often?
He hasn’t phoned us.
Hasn’t he phoned us?
he, she, it : He does his homework.
He does not do his homework.
*Does he do his homework?*

5. When there is no helping verb
(as in the Present Simple and the Past Simple)
a helping verb is supplied.
 Do/Does (Present Simple)
 Did (Past Simple)

6. Wh-questions ask for information and we do not
expect a yes-no answer to a wh-question. We
expect an answer which gives information.

7.  What is used for a thing.
 ‘What is it?’
 Who is used for a person. Whose has the same
meaning but it is always followed by a noun.
 ‘Who were you talking to?’
 ‘Whose car is that?’
 Why is used for a reason.
 ‘Why were you late?’
 When is used for a time or date
 ‘When did you start working here?’
WH Questions

9. We usually form wh-questions with wh- + an
auxiliary verb (be, do or have) + subject + main
verb or with wh- + a modal verb + subject + main
verb:
Be: When are you leaving?
Who’s been paying the bills?
Do: Where do they live?
Why didn’t you call me?
Have: What has she done now?
What have they decided?
Modal: Who would she stay with?
Where should I park?

12. 2) Sentences without auxiliary
verbs.
-Change the main verb to its Base form.
-Sentences without an auxiliary verb need to
have a form of the verb “do” inserted.
-Place the wh word in the initial position
The man broke the window.
What did the man break?

13. Who: People
-There is no helping verb.
Who went to the store?
(Jenny)

14. When: Time
Rule?
We must invert the subject and the helping
verb.
Why?
B/c there is a helping verb in the sentence.
When is Matt going to the mall?
(tonight)

15. What: Thing
Rule?
Change the verb to the present tense.
Needs ‘do’ support
What did Bob bring to school?
(cookies)

16. - Sentences with helping verbs.
Invert the subject and helping verb
-Sentences without helping verbs.
Needs ‘do’ support
Change verb to its present form