This document provides an overview of verb tenses and their usage patterns in English. It discusses the main tenses - present, past, and future - and their simple, progressive, and perfect forms. For each tense, it gives examples of common usage patterns with subjects and verbs. The document aims to help readers understand the different tenses and when to use them appropriately.
Determiner is also called as determinative. This PPT will give you an insight of articles, demonstratives, quantifiers, possessive determiners, distributive determiners and interrogative determiners.
in this ppt we discuss about article topic which is aimportant topic of english grammmer and manish kumar created this presentation,who is owner of http://exclusivestoke.com
Determiner is also called as determinative. This PPT will give you an insight of articles, demonstratives, quantifiers, possessive determiners, distributive determiners and interrogative determiners.
in this ppt we discuss about article topic which is aimportant topic of english grammmer and manish kumar created this presentation,who is owner of http://exclusivestoke.com
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2. ⦁ At the end of the lesson, you will understand
the following
◦ Types of tenses
◦ Basic tense patterns
◦ How the tenses change with the subject
◦ When to use different tenses
3. ⦁ Mainly there are 3 types
◦Present Tense
◦Past Tense
◦Future Tense
4. PRESENT TENSE
1. Simple Present
2. Present Continuous
3. Present Perfect
4. Present Perfect
Continuous
FUTURE TENSE
9. Simple Future
10.Future Continuous
11.Future Perfect
12.Future Perfect
Continuous
PAST TENSE
5. Simple Past
6. Past Continuous
7. Past Perfect
8. Past Perfect Continuous
5. Verbs have mainly 4 forms
They are
V1-basic form
V2-past form
V3-past participle form
V4-present participle form
V1
eat
V2
ate
V3
eaten
V4
eating
7. Pattern
Subject+is/are+V4
I am eating chocolates
He is eating chocolates
She is eating chocolates
We are eating chocolates
They are eating chocolates
Ramu is eating chocolates
Sita is eating chocolates
8. Pattern
Subject+has/have+V3
I have eaten chocolates
We have eaten chocolates
She has eaten chocolates
He has eaten chocolates
They have eaten chocolates
Ramu has eaten chocolates
Sita has eaten chocolates
9. Pattern
Subject+has/have+been+V4
I have been eating chocolates
We have been eating chocolates
She has been eating chocolates
He has been eating chocolates
They have been eating chocolates
Ramu has been eating chocolates
Sita has been eating chocolates
11. Pattern
Subject+was/were+V3
I was eating chocolates
We were eating chocolates
She was eating chocolates
He was eating chocolates
They were eating chocolates
Ramu was eating chocolates
Sita was eating chocolates
12. Pattern
Subject+had+V3
I had eaten chocolates
We had eaten chocolates
She had eaten chocolates
He had eaten chocolates
They had eaten chocolates
Ramu had eaten chocolates
Sita had eaten chocolates
13. Pattern
Subject+had+been+V4
I had been eating chocolates
We had been eating chocolates
She had been eating chocolates
He had been eating chocolates
They had been eating chocolates
Ramu had been eating chocolates
Sita had been eating chocolates
14. Pattern
Subject+will/shall+V1
I shall eat chocolates
We shall eat chocolates
She will eat chocolates
He will eat chocolates
They will eat chocolates
Ramu will eat chocolates
Sita will eat chocolates
15. Pattern
Subject+will/shall+be+V4
I shall be eating chocolates
We shall be eating chocolates
She will be eating chocolates
He will be eating chocolates
They will be eating chocolates
Ramu will be eating chocolates
Sita will be eating chocolates
16. Pattern
Subject+will/shall+have+V3
I shall have eaten chocolates
We shall have eaten chocolates
She will have eaten chocolates
He will have eaten chocolates
They will have eaten chocolates
Ramu will have eaten chocolates
Sita will have eaten chocolates
17. Pattern
Subject+will/shall+have+been+V4
I shall have been eating chocolates
We shall have been eating chocolates
She will have been eating chocolates
He will have been eating chocolates
They will have been eating chocolates
Ramu will have been eating chocolates
Sita will have been eating chocolates
18. For a habitual action
He drinks milk everyday
To express a truth
The sun rises in the east
Sentences starting with here and there
•Here comes the bus, There he goes
Future incidents of fixed time table
The train starts at 9-30 pm
In the first conditional
If he studies well, he will pass the examination
Usually followed by words like if, when, while,
as, as soon as, untill, unless, till etc.
Let’s wait till he finishes his work
Please ring me up as soon as he comes
19. For currently happening actions
He is drinking milk right now
For actions shortly going to happen
I am going to a movie tonight
In some special cases
I am thinking of going to Nellore
She is tasting the soup to see if it
needs any salt
20. For a recently completed actions
He has just gone out
Past incidents not mentioning specified
time
I have never known him to be angry
Hari has been to Japan
For past actions ( their effect is still
experiencing )
He has eaten all the chocolates ( There
aren’t left any )
For past actions continued up to now
They have lived here for 10 years
I have known him for a long time
21. For an action which started in the past
and continued up to now
He has been eating since morning
She has been sleeping for 5 hours
22. For a completed action in the
past(usually followed by an adverb of
time )
I received a letter from him last week
He joined in the school yesterday
Some times it comes with out an
adverb but the importance of time should
be there
I didn’t sleep well
When expressing our old habits
She always carried an umbrella
He studied many hours a day
23. For a continuing action in the past
We were listening to radio all evening
In a continued action in the past, if
another action takes place then we use
Simple past for the new action
The light went out while I was reading
For expressing long run habits
He was always smoking
24. If two actions takes place in the past,
the one Which comes first should be in
Past Perfect and the next one should be
in Simple Past
I had written the letter before he
arrived
When I reached the station, the train
had already started
25. For an action started in the past and
had been continuing to the moment we
are talking in the past
At that time he had been writing
novels for 5 years
When Hari came to my house
yesterday, my father had been
watching TV since morning
26. When taking about consequences
which are not in our hands
I shall be 20 next Saturday
It will be Diwali in a week
For assumed actions
I think Pakistan will win the match
I’m sure Ravi will get the first class.
To express what may happen when you
are talking
It is raining, I will take an umbrella
27. For an action which will be continued
for some time in the future
This time tomorrow it will be raining
here
I shall be watching a movie by 9-30
am tomorrow
For programmes which are going to
start in future
He will be meeting us next week
The post man will be coming soon
28. For an action which will be completed
some time in the future
By the end of this month I will have
worked here for 5 years
He will have left before you go to see
him
29. For an action which will be continuing
for some time in the future to the
moment we are talking
By next March we will have been
living here for 4 years
I shall have been teaching for 5 years
by this date next year
