The document discusses the present perfect, present perfect progressive, and past perfect tenses in English. It provides examples of how to form and use each tense, including common time words and adverbs used with each tense. Key uses of the present perfect include actions that began in the past and continue to the present, unfinished actions with unspecified time, and repeated actions. The past perfect is used to describe events that occurred before other past events.

1. The Present Perfect
TenseIntroduction

2. How long have you lived in Denver?

3. How long have you lived in Denver?
I have lived here for 6 months.
I’ve lived here since August.
Sandra has lived here for a while.
Simão’s lived here for just a short time.

4. Present Perfect
Statements:
Subject + have/has + past participle
Questions:
(Wh) + have/has + subject + past
participle

5. Present Perfect
Statements:
Subject + have/has + past participle
I + have + lived
here 6 months.
Sarah + has +
bought a car.

6. Present Perfect
Questions:
(Wh) + have/has + subject + past
participle
Where have you been in the U.S.?
Who have you met since you moved to
Denver?
Have you seen the movie Man of Steel?

7. Present Perfect
When do we use the present perfect?

8. Present perfect: Use 1

9. Present Perfect: Use 1
Actions or states started in the past
and continue to now.
Ex 1: I have had a car since August.
Ex 2: I have driven since I was sixteen.

10. Nobody knows the trouble
I’ve seen...
Nobody knows my sorrow.

11. Present Perfect: Use 2
Finished actions with unspecified time;
Experience
Ex: I have been to Thailand, so I speak a little
Thai.
Ex: What is that? I’ve never seen anything like it!

12. Present Perfect: Use 3

13. Present Perfect: Use 3
When do we use the present perfect?
Actions that were repeated in past & could repeat
again.
Ex: I have sent him three emails so far today. Am I
annoying?
Ex: He has eaten at that restaurant many times.

14. Present Perfect
Which time words are used?
Since (with a starting point in the past)
Since last week; Since I was sixteen.
For (with a length of time)
For two days. For a long time.

15. Present Perfect
Which adverbs are frequently used?
Ever (Only for questions or negative statements)
Never
Already
Yet (Only for questions; negative statements)

16. Present Perfect
Use Ever/Never for experience
Ever (Only for questions or negative statements)
Have you ever met a celebrity? No, I have not
ever met a celebrity.
Never
I have never met a celebrity. What is something
you’ve never done?

17. Present Perfect
Use Yet/Already for complete/incomplete
Yet (Only for questions or negative statements)
Have you finished your dinner yet? No, I am not
done yet.
Already (Positive statements or surprised
question)
I’ve already read that book. Wow! Have you
already finished 400 pages?

18. Present Perfect
Progressive

19. Present Perfect
Progressive
When do we use the present perfect
progressive?
Actions that started in past and are in progress now
Ex 1: I have been driving since I was sixteen.
Ex 2: He has been sleeping for twenty hours! Is he
ill?

20. PP or PPP?
Habitual or long term activities that
continue now use either PP or PPP.
Ex 1: I have been driving since I was sixteen.
Ex 2: I have driven since I was sixteen.

21. PP or PPP?
An activity that is still in progress
uses the present perfect progressive
with duration words.
Ex: He has been sleeping for twenty hours!

22. Past Perfect

23. Past Perfect
When do we use the past perfect?
To contrast two events or activities in the past.
To make the order of different past events more
clear.

24. Past Perfect
What time words are used with the
past perfect?

25. Past Perfect
What time words are used with the
past perfect?
Before
After
By
By the time

26. Past Perfect
What time words are used with the
past perfect?
Before + simple past clause, past perfect clause
After + past perfect clause, simple past clause
By + year or time phrase
By the time + simple past clause, past perfect clause

27. Past Perfect
Before and after can used with
either simple past or past perfect.
Ex: I hadn’t done the homework yet before I went
to class.
Ex: I didn’t do my homework before I went to
class.
Ex: After I had seen the movie, I wrote a
summary.
Ex: After I saw the movie, I wrote a summary.

28. Past Perfect
We ALWAYS use the past perfect
with by and by the time.
By 1890, the University of Denver had already
opened.
I had already finished my work by the time he
arrived.

29. Practice

30. Matt loves dancing...

31. Write about Matt using
present and past tenses.