This document contains information about well drilling design presented by Md. Majedur Rahman. It discusses selecting the optimal mud weight, defining hydraulic optimization, and describing components of the drilling string, drill bit, drill pipe, drill collar, and hoisting system. It also addresses well design characteristics, underbalanced drilling design, effects of high mud weight, barrier elements of well design, and test string design. The document is intended to help students understand well drilling design concepts.
This document provides an overview of well design and construction. It begins with an agenda and then covers topics such as different types of drill rigs used for various water depths, rig systems for hoisting, rotating, circulating, and well control, well types (exploration, appraisal, development), typical well schematics, casing strings, typical lithology for the central North Sea, casing cementation, drilling fluids, drill bits, bottom-hole assemblies, drilling problems, and well evaluation using wireline logging. The document provides essential information on the key aspects and considerations for well design and construction.
This document discusses directional drilling techniques and their applications. It begins by defining directional drilling as deflecting a wellbore in a specified direction to reach a target below the surface. It then lists several applications of directional drilling including drilling multiple wells from a single location, drilling in inaccessible locations, avoiding geological problems, sidetracking, relief well drilling, and horizontal drilling. The document also discusses directional drilling applications in mining, construction, and geothermal engineering. It provides details on well profiles, azimuth and quadrants, horizontal well types, and directional drilling assemblies for building angle and holding angle.
The document discusses various borehole problems that can be encountered during drilling operations, including:
- Pipe sticking caused by differential pressure or mechanical forces
- Lost circulation occurring when fluid flows into porous or fractured formations
- Hole deviation due to factors like formation heterogeneity, drilling equipment, and drilling parameters
- Pipe failures from twistoff, parting, collapse, burst, or fatigue
- Borehole instability issues like hole closure, enlargement, fracturing or collapse
- Mud contamination from solids, salts, or formation fluids entering the drilling fluid system
- Formation damage near the wellbore from plugging by solids or fluid invasion impairing permeability
Proper planning, monitoring, and application of best
This is an academic lecture for Diploma in Engineering 7th Semester Mining and Mine Survey Technology. The Course related to this presentation is Basic of well drilling process.
This is an academic lecture for Diploma in Engineering 7th Semester Mining and Mine Survey Technology. The Course related to this presentation is Coring.
Drilling fluids are absolutely essential during the drilling process and considered the primary well control.
Know more now about such a very important component of the drilling process.
Drilling operations can encounter various problems related to geological uncertainties, wellbore stability issues, and depletion effects. Some key risks include uncertainties in pore pressure-fracture gradient measurements, mud volcanoes causing landslides or weak formations, fault zones providing pathways for fluid flow, and maintaining wellbore integrity in low-pressure depleted zones. Operators address these challenges through careful planning, identifying potential hazard areas using seismic data, selecting appropriate drilling fluid properties, and employing wellbore strengthening techniques and lost circulation materials when needed to prevent fluid losses and wellbore collapse.
The induction log was invented in 1947 to measure formation resistivity in non-conductive boreholes containing oil-based muds or drilled without fluid. It works using a transmitter coil that generates a magnetic field around the borehole, which is measured by a receiver coil. Factors like borehole size, mud properties, and bed thickness can influence readings. Induction logs are used for saturation determination, lithology identification, and locating hydrocarbon zones, and provide accurate resistivity readings, especially in low resistivity formations. The tool is minimally affected by drilling fluid resistivity.
This document provides an overview of well design and construction. It begins with an agenda and then covers topics such as different types of drill rigs used for various water depths, rig systems for hoisting, rotating, circulating, and well control, well types (exploration, appraisal, development), typical well schematics, casing strings, typical lithology for the central North Sea, casing cementation, drilling fluids, drill bits, bottom-hole assemblies, drilling problems, and well evaluation using wireline logging. The document provides essential information on the key aspects and considerations for well design and construction.
This document discusses directional drilling techniques and their applications. It begins by defining directional drilling as deflecting a wellbore in a specified direction to reach a target below the surface. It then lists several applications of directional drilling including drilling multiple wells from a single location, drilling in inaccessible locations, avoiding geological problems, sidetracking, relief well drilling, and horizontal drilling. The document also discusses directional drilling applications in mining, construction, and geothermal engineering. It provides details on well profiles, azimuth and quadrants, horizontal well types, and directional drilling assemblies for building angle and holding angle.
The document discusses various borehole problems that can be encountered during drilling operations, including:
- Pipe sticking caused by differential pressure or mechanical forces
- Lost circulation occurring when fluid flows into porous or fractured formations
- Hole deviation due to factors like formation heterogeneity, drilling equipment, and drilling parameters
- Pipe failures from twistoff, parting, collapse, burst, or fatigue
- Borehole instability issues like hole closure, enlargement, fracturing or collapse
- Mud contamination from solids, salts, or formation fluids entering the drilling fluid system
- Formation damage near the wellbore from plugging by solids or fluid invasion impairing permeability
Proper planning, monitoring, and application of best
This is an academic lecture for Diploma in Engineering 7th Semester Mining and Mine Survey Technology. The Course related to this presentation is Basic of well drilling process.
This is an academic lecture for Diploma in Engineering 7th Semester Mining and Mine Survey Technology. The Course related to this presentation is Coring.
Drilling fluids are absolutely essential during the drilling process and considered the primary well control.
Know more now about such a very important component of the drilling process.
Drilling operations can encounter various problems related to geological uncertainties, wellbore stability issues, and depletion effects. Some key risks include uncertainties in pore pressure-fracture gradient measurements, mud volcanoes causing landslides or weak formations, fault zones providing pathways for fluid flow, and maintaining wellbore integrity in low-pressure depleted zones. Operators address these challenges through careful planning, identifying potential hazard areas using seismic data, selecting appropriate drilling fluid properties, and employing wellbore strengthening techniques and lost circulation materials when needed to prevent fluid losses and wellbore collapse.
The induction log was invented in 1947 to measure formation resistivity in non-conductive boreholes containing oil-based muds or drilled without fluid. It works using a transmitter coil that generates a magnetic field around the borehole, which is measured by a receiver coil. Factors like borehole size, mud properties, and bed thickness can influence readings. Induction logs are used for saturation determination, lithology identification, and locating hydrocarbon zones, and provide accurate resistivity readings, especially in low resistivity formations. The tool is minimally affected by drilling fluid resistivity.
Well logs can be states as “a recording against depth of any of the characteristics of the rock formations traversed by a measuring apparatus in the well-bore.”
This document provides a basic overview of the fundamental rock properties. It delivers a detailed analysis of the basic reservoir rock properties like porosity, permeability, Fluid saturation , wettability, etc.
Drilling technology has evolved considerably over the past 150 years. There are now over 650 mobile offshore drilling units worldwide that can drill in water depths over 12,000 feet. Different types of offshore drilling rigs include semi-submersibles and jack-up rigs anchored to the seafloor. Drilling operations involve careful planning to identify locations where hydrocarbons are likely to exist based on geological and geophysical data collection methods.
This document provides an overview of basic well control procedures including:
- Kick detection and control methods like primary prevention and secondary detection and control
- Shut-in procedures such as hard, soft, and specialized shut-ins
- Well kill procedures including calculating initial and final circulating pressures, the wait-and-weight/engineer's method, and providing an example pump schedule.
It describes the key objectives and considerations for safely controlling a well when kicks occur and bringing the well pressure to a controlled state.
Introduction
Petrophysic of the rocks
It is the study of the physical and chemical properties of the rocks related to the pores and fluid distribution
Porosity, is ratio between volume of void to the total voids of the rock.
Permeability, is ability of a porous material to allow fluids to pass through it.
Electric, most of the sedimentary rocks don’t have conductivity.
Radiation, clay rocks have 40K, radiate alpha ray.
Hardness, it depends on the cementing material and thickness of the sediments.
WELL LOGGING
The systematic recording of rock properties and it’s fluid contents in wells being drilled or produced to obtain various petrophysical parameters and characteristics of down hole sequences (G.E Archie 1950).
The measurement versus depth or time, or both, of one or more physical properties in a well.
These methods are particularly good when surface outcrops are not available, but a direct sample of the rock is needed to be sure of the lithology.
A wide range of physical parameters can be measured.
In some cases, the measurements are not direct, it require interpretation by analogy or by correlating values between two or more logs run in the same hole.
Provide information on lithology, boundaries of formations and stratigraphic correlation.
Determine Porosity, Permeability, water, oil and gas saturation.
Reservoir modeling and Structural studies… etc.
Types of Well Logging
Logs can be classified into several types under different category
Permeability and lithology Logs
Gamma Ray log
Self Potential [SP] log
Caliber log
Porosity Logs
Density log
Sonic log
Neutron log
Electrical Logs
Resistivity Log
For contact : omerupto3@gmail.com
The document discusses various drilling problems that can occur such as pipe sticking, loss of circulation, hole deviation, and more. It describes the causes and solutions for different types of pipe sticking problems including differential pressure sticking and mechanical sticking due to cuttings accumulation, borehole instability, or key seating. The document also covers loss of circulation issues and explains common lost circulation zones and causes. Planning and understanding potential problems is key to successfully reaching the target zone.
This document discusses various aspects of well planning such as pore pressure and fracture gradient determination, casing depth selection, and well configuration. It describes the different types of well planning for exploration, development, and completion/workover. Key factors in well planning include interaction between drilling and other departments to optimize costs, and fully evaluating rig and well design options. Typical well casing includes conductor, surface, intermediate, and production casing. Formulas are provided for pore pressure prediction based on overburden stress, hydrostatic pressure, and compaction effects. Criteria for selecting casing setting depths include controlling formation pressures and preventing differential pressure sticking.
The document provides an overview of spontaneous potential (SP) logging. It discusses that SP logging measures natural electrical potentials between the borehole and surface. Positive deflections indicate fresher formation water than mud filtrate, while negative deflections mean saltier formation water. SP can be used to determine formation water resistivity and estimate shale volume. Key applications include detecting permeable zones, correlating formations, and determining facies.
The document discusses caliper well logs, which measure the diameter and shape of boreholes. It describes how caliper tools work, including mechanical calipers with extendable arms that measure variations in borehole diameter. Common types are 2-arm, 4-arm, and ultrasonic calipers. Caliper logs present continuous borehole diameter measurements and are used to make environmental corrections to other well logs and assess lithology, permeability, and porosity.
This is an academic lecture for Diploma in Engineering 7th Semester Mining and Mine Survey Technology. The Course related to this presentation is Basic of well planning.
Reservoir Porosity; Porosity Definition; Types Porosity; Origins of Porosity in Clastics and Carbonates; Primary (Original) Porosity; Secondary (Induced) Porosity; Pore Space Porosity Classification; Absolute (or Total) Porosity; Effective Porosity; Porosity Calculated; Porosity Values; Porosity in Sandstone; Sandstones Porosity Types; Factors That Affect Porosity in Sandstones ; Grain Packing in Sandstone; Progressive Destruction of Bedding Through Bioturbation; Dual Porosity in Sandstone; Dissolution Porosity in Sandstone; Porosity in Carbonate; Carbonates Porosity Types; Idealized Carbonate Porosity Types; Comparison of Total and Effective Porosities; Reservoir Average Porosity; MEASUREMENT OF POROSITY
Formation evaluation and well logging are processes used to determine the properties of subsurface reservoirs and identify commercially viable oil and gas fields. Key logging tools developed over time include resistivity logs in the 1920s, dipmeters in the 1940s, gamma ray and neutron logs in the 1940s, sonic logs in the 1950s, density logs in the 1960s, and logging while drilling was introduced, allowing real-time data acquisition. The document provides a historical overview of the development of various openhole well logging tools and techniques.
Mud logging involves collecting and analyzing drill cuttings and mud properties to interpret lithology and detect hydrocarbon shows. It relies on mud circulation from the mud pump through the drill string and annulus to the shale shaker where cuttings are examined. The mud logger monitors and records drilling parameters and cuttings data to help assess the producibility of formations. However, mud logging becomes less accurate at depths over 3000m where cuttings are mixed and it takes longer for mud to return to the surface.
This document discusses drilling fluid systems and their functions. It describes the classification of drilling muds as water-based or oil-based. Water-based muds can be further broken down and include bentonite muds, polymer muds, and muds with additives like gypsum, lime, potassium/lime, and mixed metal hydroxide. Oil-based muds include invert emulsion and mineral/synthetic oil-based muds. Key functions of drilling fluids are cooling and lubricating the drill bit, carrying cuttings to the surface, controlling formation pressure, and maintaining wellbore stability. Common measurements of mud properties are also outlined.
This document provides information about casing pipes used in oil and gas wells. It discusses the different types of casing including conductor casing, surface casing, intermediate casing, and production casing. Each type of casing serves a specific purpose like maintaining hole integrity, isolating pressure zones, and protecting groundwater. The document also covers casing connection types, sizing standards, recommended lengths, and potential causes of leaks.
The document discusses various drilling problems including pipe sticking, lost circulation, hole deviation, pipe failures, borehole instability, mud contamination, and formation damage. It provides details on the causes and indicators of each problem as well as methods for minimizing and addressing each issue when it occurs. Key problems covered are differential pipe sticking due to pressure differences embedding the pipe in the mud cake, mechanical sticking from cuttings accumulation, lost circulation from fractured or porous formations, and borehole instability from stresses or fluid interaction damaging the hole.
This document discusses caliper logs, which measure the size and shape of a borehole. It describes different types of caliper tools, including multi-finger, dual caliper, and ultrasonic caliper tools. The document explains that caliper logs provide information about borehole shape and volume, mud cake buildup, lithology, and cement volume. More arms on a caliper tool provide more accurate measurements of borehole cross-section and shape. Caliper logs are often run with acoustic or neutron-density logs.
The document discusses well drilling design. It begins with welcoming 7th semester mining students and introducing the instructor. It then covers topics like well design characteristics, selection of optimum mud weight, hydraulic optimization, components of the drilling string and hoisting system, and test string design. The document provides details on each topic with the goal of helping students understand well drilling design.
This is an academic lecture for Diploma in Engineering 7th Semester Mining and Mine Survey Technology. The Course related to this presentation is Casing design.
Well logs can be states as “a recording against depth of any of the characteristics of the rock formations traversed by a measuring apparatus in the well-bore.”
This document provides a basic overview of the fundamental rock properties. It delivers a detailed analysis of the basic reservoir rock properties like porosity, permeability, Fluid saturation , wettability, etc.
Drilling technology has evolved considerably over the past 150 years. There are now over 650 mobile offshore drilling units worldwide that can drill in water depths over 12,000 feet. Different types of offshore drilling rigs include semi-submersibles and jack-up rigs anchored to the seafloor. Drilling operations involve careful planning to identify locations where hydrocarbons are likely to exist based on geological and geophysical data collection methods.
This document provides an overview of basic well control procedures including:
- Kick detection and control methods like primary prevention and secondary detection and control
- Shut-in procedures such as hard, soft, and specialized shut-ins
- Well kill procedures including calculating initial and final circulating pressures, the wait-and-weight/engineer's method, and providing an example pump schedule.
It describes the key objectives and considerations for safely controlling a well when kicks occur and bringing the well pressure to a controlled state.
Introduction
Petrophysic of the rocks
It is the study of the physical and chemical properties of the rocks related to the pores and fluid distribution
Porosity, is ratio between volume of void to the total voids of the rock.
Permeability, is ability of a porous material to allow fluids to pass through it.
Electric, most of the sedimentary rocks don’t have conductivity.
Radiation, clay rocks have 40K, radiate alpha ray.
Hardness, it depends on the cementing material and thickness of the sediments.
WELL LOGGING
The systematic recording of rock properties and it’s fluid contents in wells being drilled or produced to obtain various petrophysical parameters and characteristics of down hole sequences (G.E Archie 1950).
The measurement versus depth or time, or both, of one or more physical properties in a well.
These methods are particularly good when surface outcrops are not available, but a direct sample of the rock is needed to be sure of the lithology.
A wide range of physical parameters can be measured.
In some cases, the measurements are not direct, it require interpretation by analogy or by correlating values between two or more logs run in the same hole.
Provide information on lithology, boundaries of formations and stratigraphic correlation.
Determine Porosity, Permeability, water, oil and gas saturation.
Reservoir modeling and Structural studies… etc.
Types of Well Logging
Logs can be classified into several types under different category
Permeability and lithology Logs
Gamma Ray log
Self Potential [SP] log
Caliber log
Porosity Logs
Density log
Sonic log
Neutron log
Electrical Logs
Resistivity Log
For contact : omerupto3@gmail.com
The document discusses various drilling problems that can occur such as pipe sticking, loss of circulation, hole deviation, and more. It describes the causes and solutions for different types of pipe sticking problems including differential pressure sticking and mechanical sticking due to cuttings accumulation, borehole instability, or key seating. The document also covers loss of circulation issues and explains common lost circulation zones and causes. Planning and understanding potential problems is key to successfully reaching the target zone.
This document discusses various aspects of well planning such as pore pressure and fracture gradient determination, casing depth selection, and well configuration. It describes the different types of well planning for exploration, development, and completion/workover. Key factors in well planning include interaction between drilling and other departments to optimize costs, and fully evaluating rig and well design options. Typical well casing includes conductor, surface, intermediate, and production casing. Formulas are provided for pore pressure prediction based on overburden stress, hydrostatic pressure, and compaction effects. Criteria for selecting casing setting depths include controlling formation pressures and preventing differential pressure sticking.
The document provides an overview of spontaneous potential (SP) logging. It discusses that SP logging measures natural electrical potentials between the borehole and surface. Positive deflections indicate fresher formation water than mud filtrate, while negative deflections mean saltier formation water. SP can be used to determine formation water resistivity and estimate shale volume. Key applications include detecting permeable zones, correlating formations, and determining facies.
The document discusses caliper well logs, which measure the diameter and shape of boreholes. It describes how caliper tools work, including mechanical calipers with extendable arms that measure variations in borehole diameter. Common types are 2-arm, 4-arm, and ultrasonic calipers. Caliper logs present continuous borehole diameter measurements and are used to make environmental corrections to other well logs and assess lithology, permeability, and porosity.
This is an academic lecture for Diploma in Engineering 7th Semester Mining and Mine Survey Technology. The Course related to this presentation is Basic of well planning.
Reservoir Porosity; Porosity Definition; Types Porosity; Origins of Porosity in Clastics and Carbonates; Primary (Original) Porosity; Secondary (Induced) Porosity; Pore Space Porosity Classification; Absolute (or Total) Porosity; Effective Porosity; Porosity Calculated; Porosity Values; Porosity in Sandstone; Sandstones Porosity Types; Factors That Affect Porosity in Sandstones ; Grain Packing in Sandstone; Progressive Destruction of Bedding Through Bioturbation; Dual Porosity in Sandstone; Dissolution Porosity in Sandstone; Porosity in Carbonate; Carbonates Porosity Types; Idealized Carbonate Porosity Types; Comparison of Total and Effective Porosities; Reservoir Average Porosity; MEASUREMENT OF POROSITY
Formation evaluation and well logging are processes used to determine the properties of subsurface reservoirs and identify commercially viable oil and gas fields. Key logging tools developed over time include resistivity logs in the 1920s, dipmeters in the 1940s, gamma ray and neutron logs in the 1940s, sonic logs in the 1950s, density logs in the 1960s, and logging while drilling was introduced, allowing real-time data acquisition. The document provides a historical overview of the development of various openhole well logging tools and techniques.
Mud logging involves collecting and analyzing drill cuttings and mud properties to interpret lithology and detect hydrocarbon shows. It relies on mud circulation from the mud pump through the drill string and annulus to the shale shaker where cuttings are examined. The mud logger monitors and records drilling parameters and cuttings data to help assess the producibility of formations. However, mud logging becomes less accurate at depths over 3000m where cuttings are mixed and it takes longer for mud to return to the surface.
This document discusses drilling fluid systems and their functions. It describes the classification of drilling muds as water-based or oil-based. Water-based muds can be further broken down and include bentonite muds, polymer muds, and muds with additives like gypsum, lime, potassium/lime, and mixed metal hydroxide. Oil-based muds include invert emulsion and mineral/synthetic oil-based muds. Key functions of drilling fluids are cooling and lubricating the drill bit, carrying cuttings to the surface, controlling formation pressure, and maintaining wellbore stability. Common measurements of mud properties are also outlined.
This document provides information about casing pipes used in oil and gas wells. It discusses the different types of casing including conductor casing, surface casing, intermediate casing, and production casing. Each type of casing serves a specific purpose like maintaining hole integrity, isolating pressure zones, and protecting groundwater. The document also covers casing connection types, sizing standards, recommended lengths, and potential causes of leaks.
The document discusses various drilling problems including pipe sticking, lost circulation, hole deviation, pipe failures, borehole instability, mud contamination, and formation damage. It provides details on the causes and indicators of each problem as well as methods for minimizing and addressing each issue when it occurs. Key problems covered are differential pipe sticking due to pressure differences embedding the pipe in the mud cake, mechanical sticking from cuttings accumulation, lost circulation from fractured or porous formations, and borehole instability from stresses or fluid interaction damaging the hole.
This document discusses caliper logs, which measure the size and shape of a borehole. It describes different types of caliper tools, including multi-finger, dual caliper, and ultrasonic caliper tools. The document explains that caliper logs provide information about borehole shape and volume, mud cake buildup, lithology, and cement volume. More arms on a caliper tool provide more accurate measurements of borehole cross-section and shape. Caliper logs are often run with acoustic or neutron-density logs.
The document discusses well drilling design. It begins with welcoming 7th semester mining students and introducing the instructor. It then covers topics like well design characteristics, selection of optimum mud weight, hydraulic optimization, components of the drilling string and hoisting system, and test string design. The document provides details on each topic with the goal of helping students understand well drilling design.
This is an academic lecture for Diploma in Engineering 7th Semester Mining and Mine Survey Technology. The Course related to this presentation is Casing design.
The document discusses well completion and testing methods. It begins with welcoming 7th semester mining students and introducing the instructor. It then provides definitions and overview sections on well completion, well testing, and drill stem testing. The document describes different well completion methods like open hole, cased hole, liner, and tubing completions. It also discusses wellhead equipment, well testing operations, and considerations for high pressure and high temperature testing. Overall, the document provides information on various aspects of well completion and testing.
This is an academic lecture for Diploma in Engineering 7th Semester Mining and Mine Survey Technology. The Course related to this presentation is Cementing.
This is an academic lecture for Diploma in Engineering 7th Semester Mining and Mine Survey Technology. The Course related to this presentation is Drilling bit design.
The document discusses various trenchless technologies for installing new underground pipes including horizontal directional drilling (HDD), microtunneling, pipe jacking, pipe ramming, and perforator/auger boring. It provides details on each method, including their typical application ranges, suitable soil conditions, and the basic process involved. Microtunneling is described as using a remotely controlled tunnel boring machine and pipe jacking to provide continuous support to the excavation face. Key components of a basic microtunneling system are also outlined.
This document discusses casing design for petroleum wells. It begins with an introduction to casing and defines it as large diameter pipe assembled and inserted into drilled boreholes to protect and support the well. It then describes the five main types of casing and their functions, which include preventing contamination, isolating pressure zones, and providing support for production. The document provides guidelines for casing design, specifying factors to consider like geological formation and available equipment sizes, and steps for proper installation, testing, and running casing into the drilled well.
This is an academic lecture for Diploma in Engineering 7th Semester Mining and Mine Survey Technology. The Course related to this presentation is Drilling Fluids
This document provides an overview of optimization of drilling parameters for directional drilling. It includes:
1. An introduction describing the importance of optimizing drilling parameters to reduce costs and improve performance.
2. A section on directional drilling techniques including build and hold trajectories, S-shaped trajectories, and horizontal wells.
3. Descriptions of different directional drilling methods like jetting deflection, whipstocks, motor deflection, and rotary steerable systems.
This document provides information about raise boring, which is a method for excavating shafts using drilling machines. It discusses the raise boring process, which involves drilling a pilot hole between levels and then back reaming it to a larger diameter to form the shaft. It outlines some of the key technical problems in raise boring, including pilot hole drilling issues like rock breaking, cuttings removal, deviation control, and stability. It also discusses back reaming challenges such as efficient rock breaking and shaft wall stability. The document provides details on raise boring machine components and functions to carry out the drilling process.
This document discusses cementing in oil and gas wells. It covers factors that affect cement slurry design like well depth and temperature. It describes cement additives that can control setting time. Float equipment like float collars and shoes are used to guide casing and enable cement circulation. Primary cementing involves pumping cement between casing and borehole to isolate formations. Secondary cementing through squeeze cementing can repair isolation barriers. Liner cementing cases off the open hole below an existing casing string. Cement plugs placed in casing are used for abandoning wells or zonal isolation.
Chapter 1 Basic of well drilling process.pptxMajedur Rahman
This is an academic lecture for the Diploma in Engineering Mining and Mine Survey Technology Students based on the syllabus of the Bangladesh Technical Education Board (BTEB), Bangladesh. The course related to this video is Understanding the basics of the well drilling process.
Subject: Petroleum Well Design & Completion
This is an academic lecture for Diploma in Engineering 7th Semester Mining and Mine Survey Technology. The Course related to this presentation is Well control and blowout preventions.
Horizontal directional drilling (HDD) machines are steerable, trenchless drilling rigs for the installation of pipes, conduits, and cables underground in a shallow arc. They are commonly used for installations below waterways and roadways to avoid disturbing the ground above.
Horizontal drilling machines are typically heavy-duty vehicles fitted with track drives, operator controls, and drilling machinery. Materials used for pipes include PVC, polyethylene, polypropylene, ductile iron, and steel.
A Non disruptive Technology or a trenchless technique with the help of machine(HDD) for laying any kind of Pipelines including OFC, Power Cable, Water, Sewerage Pipelines & CNG/PNG etc..
This document discusses horizontal directional drilling (HDD) technology provided by Apollo Techno Industries Private Limited. It begins with an introduction to HDD, also called directional boring, which is used to install underground pipes and cables with minimal environmental impact. It then discusses the benefits of HDD such as lower costs, faster installation, and less disruption than traditional trenching. The document proceeds to explain the stages of the HDD process including pilot hole drilling, reaming, and pipeline pulling. It concludes with descriptions of various equipment used in HDD like mud motors, reamers, drill bits, and locating systems.
Design and fabrication of working model of abrasive jet machineNirmaljit Singh
This document is a project report submitted by Jitesh Kumar for the partial fulfillment of a Master's degree in Mechanical Engineering. It discusses the design and fabrication of a working model of an Abrasive Jet Machine. The report includes sections on the components of an AJM, variables that influence the machining process, advantages and limitations, applications, and a literature review. It also provides details on the design of the major components of the machine being developed for this project.
Development of Customized Software for Designing Gating System of Compressor ...ijiert bestjournal
An important factor for obtaining defect free pressure die cast parts is good design of the gating system.
Gating system is a path of flow of molten alloy during filling of casting. In this project a systematic
approach has been developed to design gating system for pressure die casting die. This involved
studying current design practices in the industry and translating this into a knowledge base of rules for
machine selection, design of gate, gate runner, runner, and overflows. The entire approach has been
implemented in a window based program using visual C#. It has been successfully tested on industrial
case study. It is perhaps the first attempt of its kind in the area of pressure die casting die design, and is
expected to be of significant interest and value to the industry.
Design and Development of a Tool for Combined Depression and Piercing Operation, rim manufacturing, piercing operation, the operation is done for seating the Valve stem which protrudes out of the wheel for inflating tubes &Tyres
The document discusses process planning and engineering. It describes the need to understand process capabilities at different levels including universal, shop, and machine levels. Process capabilities refer to the geometry, tolerances, material removal rates, and costs that manufacturing processes can produce. Decision tables and trees are presented as ways to represent process knowledge and rules for computerized process planning. Specific capabilities of processes like milling, drilling, turning, and grinding are also outlined.
Trenchless technologies comparing thrust boring with horizontal directional ...Tobiloba Omitola
Thrust boring and horizontal directional drilling (HDD) are trenchless construction methods for installing underground infrastructure with minimal surface disruption. Thrust boring involves drilling a borehole and inserting a steel casing simultaneously using an auger drill head. It is unsteerable. HDD involves drilling a steerable pilot bore, reaming it to size, and pulling the pipeline back through. Key factors in selecting between the two methods include soil conditions, required accuracy, and ability to steer around underground obstacles. Thrust boring is best for stable soils while HDD allows for navigation and is suitable for longer distances and avoiding existing utilities. Both methods seek to minimize environmental and community impacts compared to traditional trenching.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptxCapitolTechU
Slides from a Capitol Technology University webinar held June 20, 2024. The webinar featured Dr. Donovan Wright, presenting on the Department of Defense Digital Transformation.
BIOLOGY NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL (NECO) 2024 PRACTICAL MANUAL.pptx
Well drilling design
1. WELCOME TO THE STUDENTS
7th Semester (Mining)
Bogura Polytechnic Institute, Bogura.
Md. Majedur Rahman
B. Sc (Hon’s), M. Sc in Geology & Mining, RU
Instructor (Tech)
Mining and Mine Survey Technology
Bogura Polytechnic Institute, BOGURA.
Presented By
Prepared by Md. Majedur Rahman, E-mail: majedu1r_ru6871@yahoo.comMay 29, 2020 1
2. Petroleum Well Design & Completion
Course Code No. 69372
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3. Chapter-04
Understand the well drilling design
4.1 Define drilling design.
4.2 Well design characteristics.
4.3 Selection of optimum mud weight.
4.4 Define hydraulic optimization.
4.5 Define drilling string, Drill bit, Drill pipe and Drill collar.
4.6 Mention the main components of hoisting system.
4.7 State test string design.
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May 29, 2020 3
4. Detail engineering of the selected well model for a Basis of Design. Planned
hole and casing sizes, and setting depths, Required drilling mud properties
(weight, viscosity, etc.), Planned well trajectory and directional drilling
requirements, Cement recipes and job specifications (rate, volume, etc.)
Well design proceeds in two stages: the functional requirements of the well
being first specified, following which the well construction details to deliver
those functional requirements can be defined. Many aspects of well design
are dictated by regulatory requirements.
Drilling engineers design and implement procedures to drill wells as safely
and economically as possible. They work closely with the drilling contractor,
service contractors, and compliance personnel, as well as with geologists and
other technical specialists.
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4.1 Define drilling design.
5. 4.2 Well design characteristics.
Well design characteristics
• Well Design Process
• Underbalanced Drilling Design
Well Design Process:
• Prior to the commencement of the well design process, the following considerations shall be established:
• Type of well (exploration, appraisal, production)
• Location and installation (integrated platforms, wellhead platforms, subsea)
• Main and secondary targets
• Data collection demands
• Well evaluation methods to be applied (coring, logging, sampling, testing, stimulation)
• Application of the well (exploration, appraisal, production, injection, monitoring, relief/killing)
• Characteristic inclinations and depths (vertical, deviated, horizontal, side-track, HPHT, deepwater)
• Type of drilling-, production-, and workover system (fixed-, floating-, subsea installation, jack-up)
• Life time prognosis (permanent-, temporary abandonment, production-, injection completion, partial
completion and later tie-back, expected time between work over’s, down hole pressure and temperature
profile)
• Environmental and safety constraints
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6. Underbalanced Drilling Design:
• To succeed in proper well design, the issues below shall be considered:
• Wellbore stability and consolidation
• Safety and well control
• Inability to use conventional MWD technology for through-string injection
techniques
• Gravity drainage effects in high permeability zones
• Condensate drop-out or gas liberation effects
• Near wellbore damage
• Probability for corrosion problems
• Discontinuity of the underbalanced situation
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7. • Recognized barrier elements are:
• BOP arrangements
• Christmas tree arrangement
• Properly cemented casing
• Production tubing
• Cement plugs
• Production packer elements
• Mechanically/hydraulically operated plugs/packers
• Well safety valve (SCSSV)
• Lubricators
• BOP system of coil tubing/snubbing unit
• Seal assembly of casing/production tubing
• Wellhead systems
• ASV (Annulus Safety Valve)
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Barrier Elements of well drilling design
8. 4.3 Selection of optimum mud weight.
Mud weight must be carefully selected based on parameters, hydraulics
must be utilized to control the equivalent circulating density of the fluid, and
the type of drilling mud should be compatible with the borehole and
formation being drilled.
Drilling mud plays important role in the successful completion of the drilling
process. Mud serves various functions including exerting sufficient
hydrostatic pressure against subsurface formations and preventing wellbore
instability. Selection of an appropriate mud weight is one way to prevent
borehole failure. Mud pressure is the only parameter analysed routinely in a
quantitative fashion, resulting in a recommendation for the mud weight
margin (also referred to as drilling window). The mud-weight margin is the
density range between pore and fracturing pressures.
May 29, 2020
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9. Effects of high mud weight
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Element Advantage Debatable Disadvantage
Reduce borehole collapse √
Reduce fill √ √
Reduce pressure variations √
Reduce washout √ √
Reduce tight hole √ √
Reduce clay swelling √ √
Increase differential
sticking
√ √
Increase lost circulation √
Reduced drilling rate √ √
Expensive mud √
Poor pore pressure
estimation
√ √
10. 4.4 Define hydraulic optimization.
May 29, 2020
Prepared by Md. Majedur Rahman, E-mail:
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The goal of the optimization is to make the maximum usage of the
pump's power to help the bit to drill at maximum efficiency. These
criteria include the maximum bit hydraulic horsepower, the maximum
bit hydraulic impact force, and the maximum bit jet velocity.
For drilling hydraulics optimization, there are two ways which is the
maximum jet impact force and the maximum hydraulic
horsepower used to indicate good hole cleaning.
11. What are the criteria to select the drilling hydraulics
optimization methods?
• In shallow, large diameter sections where the rate of penetration and
cutting volume is high, you need higher flow rate to clean the wellbore.
With these criteria, the maximum impact force method is
recommended because it gives you 19.5% higher flow rate than the
maximum hydraulic horsepower.
• In deeper, smaller diameter sections where the ROP is lower than the
shallow section and cuttings affecting down force become a drilling
hydraulic issue. Hence, you need higher jet velocity and pressure at the
bottom hole. To match the requirement, the best optimization way for this
case is the maximum hydraulic horsepower because it gives 14.3% higher
jet velocity and 34.7% higher pressure than the maximum impact force.
May 29, 2020
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12. 4.5 Define drilling string, Drill bit, Drill pipe and Drill
collar.
Drill string: the string of drill pipe with tool joints which transmits
rotation and circulation to the drill bit. Sometimes used to include both
drill collars and drill pipe.
Drill bits are cutting tools used to remove material to create holes, almost
always of circular cross-section. Drill bits come in many sizes and shapes and
can create different kinds of holes in many different materials. In order to
create holes drill bits are usually attached to a drill, which powers them to
cut through the workpiece, typically by rotation. The drill will grasp the
upper end of a bit called the shank in the chuck.
May 29, 2020
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13. Drill pipe: a heavy seamless pipe which is used to rotate the bit and
circulate the drilling fluid. Lengths of drill pipe 30ft long are coupled
together with tool joints to make the drill string.
Drill collar: a heavy, thick-walled steel tube which provides weight on the bit
to achieve penetration. A number of drill collars may be used between the
bit and the drill pipe.
May 29, 2020
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14. DERRICK
The function of a derrick is
to provide vertical
clearance to the raising
and lowering of drill string
into and out of borehole
Two type of Derricks
Standard Derricks - it is of
bolted construction and
assembled part by part
Mast – a portable derrick,
one capable of being
erected as a unit
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4.6 Mention the main components of hoisting system.
May 29, 2020
15. CROWN BLOCK
The fixed set of pulleys
(called sheaves) located at
the top of the derrick or
mast over which the drilling
line is threaded.
TRAVELLING BLOCK
A pulley (sheave)
assembly that connects the
drilling line to the hook and
swivel
HOISTING SYSTEM
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16. DRAWWORKS
It is the control center
from which the driller
operates the rig. It
contains clutches,
chains and other
controls
It houses the drum
which spools drilling line
during hoisting and
allows feed off during
drilling
HOISTING SYSTEM
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17. • The hoisting system is used to raise and lower the drill
stem.
• It is also used to support and lower pipe that is used for
casing and tubing.
• A mast or derrick supports the hook by means of the
travelling block, wire rope, crown block and drawworks.
• The drawworks is powered by two or three engines
(called prime movers) to raise or lower the drill stem so
that the bit can drill.
HOISTING SYSTEM
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18. • The drill stem is the
whole assembly from
the swivel to the bit,
including the kelly, drill
pipe, drill collars and bit
sub.
HOISTING SYSTEM
Hoisting System
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19. • Standard drilling rig derricks are tall steel structures with four
supporting legs standing on a square base.
• The derrick and substructure plays an important role in drilling
operations.
• The derrick provides the vertical height necessary for the
hoisting system to raise and lower the pipe.
• The derrick is assembled piece by piece at the drilling site.
• A drilling mast, which is partially assembled when it is
manufactured, usually has a smaller floor area.
DERRICK, MAST & SUBSTRUCTURE
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20. • It can be raised from a horizontal to a vertical position in
as shown below.
• The standard derrick has become rare today except for
extremely deep wells and offshore drilling.
DERRICK, MAST & SUBSTRUCTURE
Raising a Mast Prepared by Md. Majedur Rahman, E-mail:
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21. • The mast has almost completely replaced the
conventional derrick for drilling on land because:
• It can be quickly dismantled and erected on another location by
the regular rig crew
• The mast can be moved in large units without complete
disassembly.
• Masts 135 to 145 feet in height are the most common size.
• The rig floor, rotary table, casing and drill pipes rest on a
substructure.
• The rig floor provides an area for handling the drill stem
and related equipment.
DERRICK, MAST & SUBSTRUCTURE
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22. • Blowout preventers and wellhead fittings are located
under the substructure.
• Drill pipe is suspended from the rotary table, which is
supported by the beams of the substructure.
• Heavy-duty masts and substructures can stand a load of
1,200,000 pounds.
• The normal capacity is in excess of 500,000 pounds.
DERRICK, MAST & SUBSTRUCTURE
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22May 29, 2020
23. 4.7 State test string design.
The combination of the drill pipe, the bottom hole assembly and any
other tools used to make the drill bit turn at the bottom of the
wellbore.
The goal of String Testing is to ensure the successful integration of all
region and non-region specific programs and objects that make up
process. All steps should be accomplished without manual
intervention, since the objective is to test the end-to-end automated
process that will ultimately be used within the production
environments.
May 29, 2020
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24. Recent advances in solids control include the creation of a closed loop system
which allows for increased environmental control and reduction in the
potential for spills of drilling fluids. Several US states have either passed or are
considering the implementation of closed loop systems, particularly for hydro-
fracturing operations.
May 29, 2020
Prepared by Md. Majedur Rahman, E-mail:
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