Water Resources
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The document discusses Earth's water resources and the hydrologic cycle. It explains that 97% of Earth's water is saltwater found in oceans, while the remaining 3% is freshwater. Freshwater is found in glaciers, ice sheets, lakes, rivers, streams, groundwater, and the atmosphere. The hydrologic cycle involves water evaporating from oceans and other surfaces, condensing in the atmosphere, and falling as precipitation before collecting in streams, rivers and groundwater that flow back into oceans, completing the cycle. Human activities like population growth, urbanization, agriculture and industry can negatively impact water quality through pollution and overuse.
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Water is found in various reservoirs on Earth and is constantly cycling between them through evaporation and precipitation in the water cycle. The largest reservoir is the oceans, which hold about 97.5% of Earth's total water supply. Freshwater makes up only 2.5% and is stored in glaciers, groundwater, lakes, rivers, the atmosphere and soil. The movement and distribution of water between these reservoirs is crucial to sustaining life.
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Water Resources
- 1. WATER RESOURCES RAYMART ENRIQUEZ ISIDRO, LPT
- 4. EARTH’S WATER Ocean 97% Freshwater 3% EARTH'S WATER BUDGET the United Nations World Water Development 2005 Report characterized the amount of water in different reservoirs
- 5. RESIDENCE TIME Reservoir Residence Time ocean and ice sheets thousands of years groundwater tens to hundreds of years streams and rivers few weeks atmosphere few days organisms few hours is the average length of time spent remains by water molecule in reservoir
- 6. SALTWATER RESERVOIR Atlantic Ocean Pacific Ocean Indian Ocean Arctic Ocean Southern Ocean
- 7. ZONES IN THE OCEAN
- 9. FRESHWATER RESERVOIRS GLACIER is a permanent body of ice, which consists largely of recrystallized snow ICE SHEET is a mass of glacial land ice extending more than 50 000 km2
- 10. PERMAFROST a soil, rock, or sediment that is frozen for more than two consecutive years
- 11. SURFACE WATER RESERVOIRS STREAM is a moving body of surface water that flows downslope toward sea level because of the gravity
- 12. STREAM channels tributaries drainage basin drainage divide interfluve
- 13. LAKES are large bodies of fresh or saline water PONDS are small and shallow lakes DAMS are barriers constructed along streams to contain the flow of water
- 14. WETLANDS land areas where water covers the surface for significant period
- 15. MARSH is a shallow wetland around lakes, streams, and oceans where grasses and reeds are the dominant vegetation
- 16. SWAMP is a wetland with lush trees and vegetation found in low-lying areas beside slow- moving rivers
- 17. ESTUARY is a partly enclosed coastal body of water where freshwater from stream meets the saltwater from the sea
- 18. FLOOD is a natural event wherein an area that is usually dry is submerged under water
- 19. FLUVIAL OR RIVERINE FLOOD occurs when stream’s discharge is greater than the capacity of the channel, causing the stream to overflow
- 20. FLASH FLOODS are characterized by intense, high-velocity torrent of water that occurs in an existing river channel with little to notice
- 21. COASTAL FLOODING occurs when water overwhelms in low-lying areas along the coasts, usually dues to severe weather conditions
- 22. PLUVIAL OR SURFACE WATER FLOOD occurs when heavy rainfall creates a flood event independent of an overflowing stream
- 23. GROUNDWATER is a fresh water found in the rock and soil layers beneath the surface AQUIFERS are water- bearing rock layers POROSITY is the total amount of empty pore spaces in the rock PERMEABILITY is the ability of the rock or sediments to allow water to pass through
- 24. ACTIVITIES AFFECTING THE QUALITY OF WATER population growth movement of large number of people from the countryside to towns and cities demands for greater food security and higher living standards increased competition between different uses of water resources pollution from factories, cities, and farmlands
- 25. THANK YOU