The earth’s hydrosphere
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The Earth's hydrosphere consists primarily of oceans containing salt water, but also includes smaller amounts of fresh water in lakes, rivers, and groundwater. The hydrosphere participates in the global hydrologic cycle along with the cryosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere. Earth's water has played a major role in influencing climate, landscapes, atmospheric composition, and the evolution of life since the planet was formed. Oceans make up over 97% of the total water volume on Earth.
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Are some atoms bigger than others?
Are their atomic weights all the same?
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Do you think of helium as light and floating or heavy and falling?
Do you think about Carbon Dioxide as light and floating or heavy and falling….think about the gas released from dry ice… does it go up or down?
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Gases are in the atmosphere.
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Hydrospheremae 110217043911-phpapp01
The hydrosphere includes all of Earth's water found in oceans, glaciers, streams, lakes, soil, groundwater, and air. It interacts with and influences the other spheres like the lithosphere and biosphere. Water is distributed between these spheres and moves through the hydrologic cycle, being held in oceans, atmosphere, and on land in liquid, solid, and vapor forms. Other celestial bodies like Jupiter's moons Europa and Ganymede may also contain subsurface oceans beneath thick ice shells.
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>> Doble, Rogin
>> Gutierrez, Arlene
>> Marasigan, Debie Joy
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This chapter discusses:
The significance of the Atmosphere
The composition of the Atmosphere
The layers of the atmosphere
The Atmospheric Circulation
Importance
Atmosphere – a thin layer of air that forms a protective covering around Earth.
It keeps Earth’s temperature in a range that can support life.
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The Atmosphere ** layer of gas that surrounds Earth more commonly known as “air”.
Atmosphere. How do you know its there
Is this “air” that surrounds us considered matter? Does it weigh anything? How do you know?
Think about it and decide on an answer.
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Even though you can’t see them, Atoms make up gases.
Are some atoms bigger than others?
Are their atomic weights all the same?
Helium vs. Carbon Dioxide
Do you think of helium as light and floating or heavy and falling?
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Gases are in the atmosphere.
They are things we learned about in the periodic table: Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen
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Even though you can’t see them, Atoms make up gases.
Are some atoms bigger than others?
Are their atomic weights all the same?
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Do you think of helium as light and floating or heavy and falling?
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The document discusses the structure and distribution of Earth's hydrosphere. It notes that 96.5% of water is found in oceans, with the remaining 3.5% being fresh water distributed between ice (1.762%), groundwater (1.7%), surface fresh water (0.014%), and the atmosphere and soil (0.002%). It also describes the locations of fresh water including rivers, streams, lakes, aquifers, and wetlands. Finally, it discusses the roles of the hydrosphere, cryosphere, and atmosphere in weathering land surfaces and influencing climate through ice ages and global warming.
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The document discusses the Earth's hydrosphere and water pollution. It begins by explaining theories about the formation of Earth's hydrosphere and ice ages. It then discusses the water cycle and components that make up the hydrosphere. The document also covers different types of water pollution including groundwater pollution and concludes by emphasizing the seriousness of water pollution issues.
Kathlyn Jacobe
The document discusses Earth's hydrosphere and water pollution. It begins by explaining theories about the formation of Earth's hydrosphere and how much of Earth's water originated from comets and asteroids. It then discusses the history of ice ages and the current ice age. It also discusses Europa's subsurface ocean and the water cycle, how water circulates through evaporation and precipitation. It ends by explaining the sources and impacts of water pollution, including groundwater pollution and the causes of water pollution like chemicals, pathogens, and temperature changes.
Earth's Hydrosphere and Water Pollution
The document discusses Earth's hydrosphere and water pollution. It begins by explaining theories about the formation of Earth's hydrosphere and how much of its water originated from comets and asteroids. It then discusses the history of ice ages and the current ice age. It also describes Europa's subsurface ocean and the possibility of an ocean on Ganymede. The document ends by explaining various sources of water pollution including industrial, agricultural, and residential runoff and how this affects both surface and groundwater.
Hand outs earth science
The document discusses several topics related to climate change and the atmosphere:
1. It lists factors that can change climate such as the sun's output, Earth's orbit, drifting continents, and volcanic eruptions.
2. It discusses evidence that climate change is occurring, including present day observations and computer models, and that scientists are very confident that human activities are the main cause of warming over the past 30 years.
3. Potential solutions to address climate change are listed, such as improving vehicle and building efficiency, expanding renewable energy and reducing deforestation.
Power Point Presentation
The document summarizes key aspects of Earth's hydrosphere and water pollution. It describes the formation of Earth's hydrosphere through comet and asteroid bombardment. It also discusses the water cycle, distribution of Earth's water in oceans, ice caps, groundwater, and other bodies. Water pollution is introduced as contamination from sources like sewage, fertilizers, and chemicals that affect aquatic life. The causes and types of water pollution like thermal, oil spills, and radioactive pollution are outlined. Overall, the document provides a broad overview of Earth's hydrosphere and the major issues surrounding water pollution.
Power point presentation
The document discusses the Earth's hydrosphere and water pollution. It defines the hydrosphere as including all liquid and frozen surface waters, groundwater, and atmospheric water vapor. It notes that the hydrosphere regulates the distribution of fresh water on Earth through the water cycle and purification processes. However, it also discusses how human water pollution activities have seriously impacted the components of the hydrosphere.
Oceanography
The document discusses methods used by scientists to study Earth's oceans. It describes how oceanography developed as a field in the late 1800s and 1920s using ships equipped with new measuring devices like sonar. Modern techniques like satellites and submersibles now map ocean surfaces, temperatures, currents, and seafloor features. Studies indicate Earth's early oceans formed from water released by volcanism that condensed as the planet cooled. Oceans now contain 97% of Earth's water and cover 71% of its surface.
Elements of sea water (aem 215)
Seawater makes up about 96.5% of the oceans and has an average salinity of around 3.5%, meaning it contains approximately 35 grams of dissolved salts per kilogram. The major salts are sodium and chloride ions. Seawater is denser than freshwater due to these dissolved salts. Oceanography studies all aspects of the oceans, including their physical, chemical, geological, and biological properties and processes. It aims to understand ocean systems and how humans impact them. The oceans are divided into basins and cover over 70% of the Earth's surface. Seawater properties like density, freezing point, and conductivity are determined by its salt content and water composition.
Where is earth's water located
The document summarizes where Earth's water is located and in what forms it exists. It states that 97% of all water exists as oceans, 3% is freshwater, and 69% of freshwater is locked up as glaciers and icecaps. It also notes that almost all remaining freshwater exists as groundwater below the Earth's surface, and that only 0.3% of freshwater is found in rivers and lakes, yet this is where most water used by humans comes from.
The World's water -Hydrosphere
Water is the most precious gift of mother nature. Hydrology is the scientific study of the origin, occurrence, properties, distribution, and effects of water on the Earth’s surface, in the soil and in the underlying rocks, and also in the atmosphere. This module explain's the distribution of water in the global hydrosphere.
Hydrosphere copy
The document discusses the hydrological cycle, which is the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. It involves stages such as evaporation, transportation, condensation, precipitation, runoff, and groundwater. Water is evaporated from bodies of water by the sun's heat, transported through the atmosphere, condenses to form clouds, precipitates as rain or snow, runs across land back into bodies of water, and infiltrates into groundwater. This cyclic process sustains life on Earth and has operated for billions of years.
Climate change and aspects of earth system
The document discusses the Earth system and its interactions. It is comprised of five spheres: the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, geosphere, and cryosphere. Each sphere interacts with the others in complex ways. For example, the water cycle moves water between the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and geosphere. The carbon cycle also exchanges carbon between these spheres, and human activities like burning fossil fuels have increased carbon dioxide levels and acidified oceans. Understanding the interactions within the Earth system is important for studying climate change.
Hydrosphere Presentation
The hydrosphere refers to all the water on, under, and over the surface of a planet, including the oceans, seas, lakes, rivers, ice caps, groundwater, and atmospheric water vapor. It makes up about 1% of Earth's total mass and covers about 70% of Earth's surface. The hydrosphere is always in motion through various processes of the water cycle, with water circulating between the oceans, atmosphere, and land through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and runoff. Water pollution from human and natural sources threatens the hydrosphere by contaminating water bodies.
Environmental Geography Chapter 4
This document provides an overview of Earth's environmental spheres and systems. It discusses the four main spheres - lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere - and how they interact. Key interactions include outgassing from the lithosphere into the atmosphere, the hydrologic cycle moving water between storage areas, and biogeochemical cycles like the carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycles. The document also summarizes global patterns of insolation, temperature, and precipitation resulting from Earth's orientation to the sun and interactions between its spheres.
WATER RESOURCES PRESENTATION
The document discusses the hydrologic cycle and Earth's water resources. It describes the hydrologic cycle as the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth. This cycle involves evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, and subsurface flow between reservoirs such as the oceans, atmosphere, rivers, groundwater, and glaciers. It then discusses the distribution and movement of Earth's water resources, distinguishing between saltwater oceans which hold 97.5% of water, and freshwater resources like glaciers, groundwater, lakes, and rivers which are critical for human use despite comprising only 2.5% of total water.
Unit e fresh & saltwater systems
This document provides information about the distribution of fresh and salt water on Earth. It discusses how 97% of the Earth's surface water is saltwater, while 3% is freshwater. Most of this freshwater (77%) is locked up in glaciers. It also notes that only 0.003% of total water on Earth is potable/drinkable by humans. The document includes visual representations of these distributions and discusses Canada's large freshwater resources.
Chapter nine
The document summarizes key aspects of the hydrologic cycle and Earth's water systems. It describes the hydrologic cycle as a series of interconnected water storage areas and transfer processes. It discusses the oceans, which contain over 97% of Earth's water, and how ocean waters vary in salinity, temperature, and density around the world. It also outlines various freshwater storage areas like lakes, rivers, groundwater, and glaciers, and how humans have impacted some of these systems through activities like irrigation and groundwater extraction.
2019 tg hidrosphere
The document summarizes key aspects of oceanography and hydrology. It discusses the hydrological cycle and how water circulates between the atmosphere, oceans, and lithosphere. It also describes the ocean floor's relief features formed by tectonic, volcanic, and depositional processes. Finally, it outlines ocean water movements including waves, tides, currents, and how currents are influenced by factors like temperature, winds, and Coriolis effect.
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The earth’s hydrosphere
- 2. The vast majority of Earth’s water is in the oceans (salt water), with smaller, but geologically important, quantities of fresh water in lakes, rivers, and ground water.
- 3. The components of the hydrosphere, as well as the cryosphere (frozen water), the atmosphere, and the biosphere, participate in the global hydrologic cycle.
- 4. Earth’s water supply has had, since Earth was created, major influences on Earth’s climate, its landscape and mineralogy, the composition of its atmosphere, and on the origin and evolution of life.
- 5. The total mass of Earth’s water is about 300 times the mass of the atmosphere.
- 7. Distribution of Water on Earth
- 10. Typical Elevation Profile of Oceanic Margins
- 12. Echo Sounders for Measuring Ocean Depths and Floor Profiles
- 13. Major Topographic Divisions and Profile of the North Atlantic Ocean Basin