This document describes a water level indicator experiment that uses three probes placed at different levels in a water tank. When the water reaches each level, the connection between probes is completed, allowing the microcontroller to detect the water level and display it on a three-segment display. The system can indicate up to nine water levels and also automatically turns on a light when the tank is full. The goal is to prevent water shortage and overflow by monitoring the tank level and controlling the water pump accordingly. It provides a low-cost solution to remotely monitor household and industrial water tanks.

1. Name of Experiment: Water level indicator
Backgroundof study:
The Water Level Indicator employs a simple mechanism to detect and indicate the water level in
an overhead tank or any other water container. The sensing is done by using a set of three probes
which are placed at three different levels on the tank walls. The level 3 represents the “tank full”
condition while level 1 represents the “tank empty” condition. When the water-level is below the
minimum detectable level (MDL), the 3 segment displays is arranged to show the digit 1,
indicating that the tank is empty, When the water reaches level1 (but is below level2) the
connection between the probes gets completed (through the conducting medium – water) and the
base voltage of transistor increases. The similar mechanism applies to the detection of all the
other levels. When the tank is full, all inputs to microcontroller become low and all its outputs go
high. This causes the display shows 4 also in this case light indicate is given, thereby indicating a
“tank full” condition. Most water level indicators are equipped to indicate and detect only a
single level. The Water Level Indicator implemented here can indicate up to nine such levels and
the microcontroller displays the level number on a 3 segment display. So, not only is the circuit
capable of cautioning a person that the water tank has been filled up to a certain level, it also
indicates that the water level has fallen below the minimum detectable level.
In this project we show the water level indicator using 4 transistors which conducts as level
rises, a light is also added which will automatically start as the water level becomes full, auto
light start with the help of microcontroller. With the help of this project we not only show the
level of water with the help of three segment display.
Problem statement:
Unexpected shortage of water supply is common phenomena especially in dense population such
as in hostels, homes, Industries, hospitals, hotels, learning institutions and in many other places.

2. Also when water pump is started there is always no idea when it gets filled up and sometimes
there are situations where the pump keeps on pumping water to the tank and the water
starts spilling out from the tank. This results in seepage of roofs and walls due to overflowing
tanks, wastage of energy as well as wastage of water and those pose a biggest threat to the
development of an economy.
MAIN OBJECTIVE:
 To implement a microcontroller based reminder system that monitors the level of water in the
tank and automatically switch ON and OFF the water pump set depending on the tank water
level.
 To design an automatic water monitoring system
 To model a Decision Support system that will monitor the level of water in the tank either it is
LOW, MEDIUM, or HIGH using LCD display.
 To prevent overflow and wastage of water by warning when the tank is about to brim since the
demand of electricity is very high.
 To test, validate, and deploy the system.
Methodology:
 Easy installation.
 Low maintenance.
 Compact elegant design.
 The Automatic water level controller ensures no overflows or dry running of pump there by saves
electricity and water.
 Avoid seepage of roofs and walls due to overflowing tanks.
 Fully automatic, saves man power.
 Consume very little energy, ideal for continuous operation.
 Automatic water level controller provides you the flexibility to decide for yourself the water levels for
operations of pump set.
 Shows clear indication of water levels in the overhead tank.

3. Hardware Description:Water LevelIndicator Project Block Diagram:

4. Water Level Indicator Project Circuit Diagram:
 Result outputs
The system control is able to control abrupt lack of water in the tank, send a message in case of
any mechanical problem, and open and close the water pump allow water refill the tank and stop
water from overflowing
 A few screen shots of our work

5. Conclusion and Scope:
 Automatic Water level Controller can be used in Hotels, Factories, Homes Apartments,
Commercial Complexes, Drainage, etc., It can be fixed for single phase motor, Single Phase
Submersibles, Three Phase motors.
 Automatic water level controller will automatically START the pump set as soon as the water
level falls below the predetermined level and shall SWITCH OFF the pump set as soon as tank
is full.
 Fuel level indicator in vehicles.
 Liquid level indicator in the huge containers in the companies.
Notes:
Various Water Level Indicator Project Videos are given below for reference
All these are collected from various resources. How to Make Water Level Indicator – Video 1:
Resource Link: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zftovgq-6m4 (Prepared by srinivas srini)
Simple Water Level Indicator Using Transistors – Video 2: Resource Link:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2eEidOOtD9w (Prepared by Navneet Kumar) Demonstration
of Water Level Indicator Project – Video 3: Resource Link:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aNLMOmwCPzs (Prepared by Dipendra Dev Raikut)