his presentation will give an idea on wasteland mapping using remote sensing

1. Wasteland Mapping
Josna raj p
Msc EVS

2.  Wasteland may be described as degraded land under
utilized lands most of which could brought into productive use
with proper soil and water management practices.
 Culturable wasteland & unculturable wastelands
 It is very necessary to bring all the wastelands under
produce and use through programms like afforestration,
cropping pattern ,other economic uses.
 By reclamming wastelands we can achieve desired one
third of geographical area.

3. CAUSES OF LAND
DEGRADATION
OVER CULTIVATION
DEFORESTATION
OVERGRAZING
IMPROPER IRRIGATION PRACTICES

4.  Wind erosion
 Water erosion
 Water logging
 Salinization
 Anthropogenic activities ect.

5. Wastelands in india
 Acco.indian wasteland Atlas 2010 wasteland area is
now increased to 24% of the total geographical area.
 Approximately 175 million hectars of lands are
degraded.
 Extent of land under aggriculture is 143 mha and
again 56% of the land are suffers from varying
degrees of degradation.

7. Remote sensing in
wasteland mapping

8.  Amoung the new technologies emerged for studying
natural resources RS & GIS are effective techniquies for
detecting assessing,mapping and monitoring of wastelands.
 Mapping of degraded lands ,space born sensors started
with the launch of the first Earth Resourse Technology
satellite(ERTS-1/Landsat-1 ).

9.  High resolution satellite data, topographical
maps, are used.
Multi-season satellites data commonly used.
In the visual interpretation of satellite data
,high soil moisture,and surfaced water
logged areas are identified as deep dark
grey to light black in colour describing that
areas with water logging risks.

10.  To study the spatial dynamics of wastelands , and to
evaluate the utility of high resolution data for
wasteland mapping ,the IRS P6 satellite data (23.5 *
23.5 m) and topographical maps are generellay
used.(scale= 1:50,000).

11.  The dyanamic nature of wastelands categories warrents
the use of multi-season satellite data for their accurate
delineation.
 Hence such images need to be geo-referenced in a common
coordinate and projection system.

12.  Remote sensig imagery is vital for the understanding of
land cover changes, and thus forms an essential element of
any effort to track land degradation and desertification
trends.
 Change detection is an important process for monitoring
and managing natural resourses and urban development
because it provides quantitative analysis of the spatial
distribution of the population of interest.
 The geodata base generated using Arc GIS and on screen
digitization tech. show the type,extent,and spatial
distribution of different wasteland categories.

13.  Through the mapping we get informations on;
geographical location, aerial extent , spatial distribution
of wasteland , is essential for their effective management
and sustainable development.
 Wasteland occurs on plateu, pediment and isolated mound and
could be delineated and mapped using satellite data as it
exhibits very light blue with medium texture , very light
greenish blue tone with medium texture ,and dark brown with
med.tex.

14.  The first national wasteland mapping project undertaken
by NRSA involved in a national mapping scale 1:1 million.
 For that purpose a standard classification scheme for the
entire country was developed and area estimates of each
category were made at both the state and national levels.
 The 1:50,000 scale wasteland maps produced by the National
Remote Sensing Agency were by visual interpretation of
enlarged Landsat Thematic mapper (TM) ,False Colour
Composite (FCC) imagery having 3D meter resolution
generated from 2,3 &4 bands of the spectrum.

15.  the interpretation elements such as colour ,tone, shape,
size,location.association ect enable one to identify and delineate
wastelands.
 These deliations however are tentative and subject to
confirmation in the field .so ground truth forms a vital input
mapping with remote sensing data.
 The key for interpretation is subjected to changes depending
upon the season, sacle, and resolution of the imagery.
 Certain categories of wastelands like salt –affected land
,waterlogged /marshy land and sandy areas can be eaily
delineated by virtue of their spectral separatibilty, pattern ,and
location.

16. Methodology…
 The methodology normally adopted for mapping at any
scale consists of the preparation of base map ,on –
line visual interpretation of satellite data, development
of legend , ground truth collection ,analysis of soil
samples, classification of degradation classes , and
finalization of maps in the light of field information and
analytial data.

17. Keywords ….
IRS –P6
LISS-3
TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS
MULTISPECTRAL IMAGES
FALSE COLOUR COMPOSITE
IMAGE INTERPRETATION
Ect.

18.  In 1991 , the MOEF embanked upon an ambitious project to
apply GIS technology for wasteland management.
 Based on classification system evolved & approved by the
planning commission comprises of the following
categories;(NWDB ,1987);
 Gullied and/ ravenous land
 Upland with or without scrab
 Waterlogged and marshy land
 Land affected by salinity /alkalinity
 Shifting cultivation area
 Sandy(desert/coastal
 Mining/industrial wastelands

19.  Under –utillized / degraded notified forest land
 Degraded land under plantation crops
 Barren rocky /stony wastes/sheet rock areas
 Steep sloping areas
 And snow covered and / glacial areas.

21. Inventory of waste
lands in India
 Using space borne multi-spetral data,maps,spatial
distribution and magnitude of eroded land ,salt affected
soils, waterlogged areas,at 1:250,000 and 1:50,000
scales have been generated.
 The saline soils appear in different shades of white tone
with fine to coarse texture on the false colour
composite prints of satellite data owing to the presence
of salts and are recognizable under normal crop
growth.

22.  For assessing these soils the national remote sensing
agency has prepared maos on sacle 1:250,000 using
satellite data from Landsat Thematic Mapper /IRS
sensors in association with other gov. organizations.
 A digital atlas of india has prepared.
 This information being used for planning and land
reclammation and soil conservation programmes.

27. Wasteland reclammation
 There is a need to reverse the trend of wasteland generation and to
restore them to their production potential.
 Remote sensing forms early warning system for growth and development
 Many agencies /reports estimate land degradtion based on remote
sensing.

28. Case studies….
 Birbhum district-LOCATION
METHODS FOLLOWED..
 The wastelands of the district are identified and categorized through the
successive stages of visual interpretation of satellite data on 1:50,000
scale,field checking and final interpretation.
 The wasteland boundaries as well as area coverage are processed.
 In this study toposheets of SOI satellite imageries of LISS- 3 ,geological
survey map ,district maps ect are collected.
 Wastelands are identified on the basis of integrated approch through GIS.
 Visual analysis of IRS,LISS-3 geocoded data on 1:50,000 scale is
accepted as the mapping tech.
 Interpertaion keys like tone, texture,site,association,of field objects
wasteland is delineated & classified acco.classification system.

29. FINDINGS..
 Certain categories of wastelands like degraded forest, sand riverine are
easily delineated by virtue of their spectral separability,pattern,and
location
 Gullied land ,minning wasteland are delineated with moderate success.
 The study has been shown that 6 types of wastelands are present in the
district with total coverge 14854 hecters ,that is 3.3 % of total geographic
area of the district.
 In the study area the wastelands are largely inherent-natural causes
 Some result of imposed factors

30. Thank you…..