Cost planning and control are vital links in any organization. Activities, Cost Planning and Control presentation covers topics like intermediate ratio in transportation, warehouse facility, inventory and external and internal environment factors. Other topics related to Cost Planning and Control are also discussed in this presentation by Welingkar’s Distance Learning Division.
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Tailoring Omnichannel Fulfillment Strategies to Network Segments Cognizant
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Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
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Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptx
Warehouse decesion model
1. Warehouse Decision Model
Transforming In To Profit Centre
Presentation By
Keshar Khadka
STEi Institute –Singapore
Advance Diploma In Logistics And Supply Chain -2017
2. Learning Agenda
Importance of Effective
Warehouse Decision Model
Warehouse selection Decision
factors
Warehouse Selection Decision
Model
Warehouse Performance
Measurement
3. Warehousing Benefits
Need of effective warehouse Decision model
• The warehouse plays the
greater role to create
usefulness of goods to the from
to-end in logistics pipeline.
• The benefits realized from the
strategic warehousing are
classified on the basis of
Economic benefits
Service benefits
4. Warehousing Benefits
Economic Benefits
Economic
benefits
Hold &
Consolida
tions
Processin
g &
Postpone
ment
Stockpilin
g
Beak
bulk/cros
s docking
• Economic benefits directly
impact on overall
profitability as well cost
effectiveness of warehouse
• These economics benefits can
be derived from the
successful planning and
controlling of warehouse
decision model.
6. Warehouse Selection –Strategic Decision
Warehouse Selection
• Warehouse decision making is
strategic decision process
which allow to allocation and
organization of necessary
resource that will have long-
term impact on over all
warehouse operation for any
business firm.
• How many warehouse do
we need?
• Where will our warehouse
to be located ?
• What will be the size and
capacity of them?
7. Warehouse Selection -Strategic Decision
Numbers of Warehouse
• How many warehouse should
we have?
• The cost of warehousing is
directly proportional to the
Number of warehouse , while
the transport cost goes down
with an increase in numbers of
warehouse.
9. Warehouse Selection -Strategy Decision
Warehouse location selection
• Where should we locate the
warehouse ?
• The planning of new warehouse
set up supply chain
management have to do cost
benefit analysis
• Centre of gravity of area .
• Market size
• Area coverage by each
warehouse
• Product type
• Demand type –continues
/seasonal
• Customer service level
10. Warehouse Decision Model
Product type
Product characteristics
objectives
Resources
Solid,liquid,gas
Value density, logistical reach,
Perisbility ,Hazardous
Cost reduction, turnover,
customer service, Productivity
Finance, system, workforce
11. Warehouse Decision Model
Product Characteristic
• For any product, the value
density (unit price per unit
weight or volume of a product)
and logistical reach will
influence decision making on
investing in a warehouse facility.
• For example, investment in a
storage facility is justified for
products such as computers,
jeweler, luxury goods where the
unit price is high, the logistic
reach is wide and distribution
centers are limited in numbers.
• Due to high margins and shorter
payback period the heavy
investments are justified.
12. Warehouse Decision Model
Warehouse objective
• Objectives have to be clearly
defined.
• Volumes will justify private
warehouses while seasonality
will justify public or contract
storage places.
• For customer satisfaction
through reliable delivery,
investment in material
handling and information
processing system is justified.
13. Warehouse Decision Model
Resource
Finance, system &
Competency
Private PublicContract
Strategic
-Layout
-Handling
equipments
-Storage system
Tactical
-Storage allocation
-order picking
- order packing
Operational
-Work allocation
-Job scheduling
-Performance
-Monitoring
Warehouse Facility Planning Decision
Warehouse Networks
14. Warehouse Decision Model
Strategic Decision Strategic Decision
• Layout
• Handling equipments
• Storage System
• Strategic decisions are solely
dependent on the objectives,
available financial resources,
ROI and pay back period.
• These decisions will have a
long-term effect and help in
developing competitive
advantage.
15. Warehouse Decision Model
Tactical Decision Tactical Decision
• Storage allocation
• Order picking
• Packing
• Tactical decisions will have an
effect on the warehouse
performance parameters such
as.
• Reduction in the order
processing cycle
• Efficiency in material handling
• Packaging to reduce product
damages
• Reducing customer complaints
and enhancing the customer
satisfaction level.
16. Warehouse Decision Model
Operational Decision Operational Decision
• Work allocation
• Job scheduling
• Performance monitoring
• Operational decisions will
bring efficiency in the
warehouse operations and will
help in reducing the operation
cost.
17. The Warehouse Performance Measure
• The most common
parameters that indicate the
efficiency and effectiveness of
warehouse operations are:
• Stock Turn-Over Ratio
• Warehouse Cost-to-Sales
Ratio
• Warehouse Cost per Unit
Handled
• Occupancy rate of Warehouse
Space
18. The Warehouse Performance Measure
Stock Turnover ratio
• This is a ratio of value of sales
volume in a given time to
value of stocks in that period.
• The more you turn out the
stocks, the better the
efficiency and effective
utilization of warehouse space
19. The Warehouse Performance Measure
Cost –to sales Ratio
• This ratio has a direct link
with the throughput of a
warehouse or goods handled.
• Higher the volumes, lower
will be the fixed cost of
operations, which is
distributed over the number
of units dispatched.
• A lower ratio indicates the
efficiency of a warehouse.
20. The Warehouse Performance Measure
Warehouse Cost per Unit
Handled:
• The ratio indicates the total
warehouse cost incurred
divided by the number of
pallets or boxes handled
during the period.
• The higher ratio indicates the
lower throughput or lower
material handling efficiency
of warehouse operation
21. The warehouse Performance Measure
Occupancy rate of Warehouse
Space:
• This ratio indicates the actual
space used as a percentage of
available warehouse storage
space available throughout a
year.
• The average of the ratios
taken periodically throughout
the year will indicate the
occupancy rate.
Editor's Notes
Under this concept, a selected amount of firm’s product line is placed or ‘spot stocked’ in a warehouse to fill customer orders during a critical marketing period.
Suppliers of agricultural products to farmers often use spot stocking to position their products closer to a service-sensitive market during the growing season.
Assortment warehouse which may be utilized by a manufacturer, wholesaler, or retailer- stock product combinations in anticipation of customer orders.
The assortments may represent multiple products from different manufacturers or special assortments as specified by customers.
In first case, for example, an athletic wholesaler would stock products from a number of clothing suppliers so that customers can be offered assortment
A Warehouse sometimes is used as a product mixing point for a company having a number of plants manufacturing different ingredients, which are mixed at a convenient place to make final products.
Production support warehousing provides a steady supply of components and materials to assembly plants.
Safety stocks on items purchased from outside vendors may be justified because of long lead times or significant variations in usage
The market presence factor is based on the perception or belief that local warehouses can be more responsive to customer needs and offer quicker delivery than more distant warehouses.
As a result, it is also thought that a local warehouse will enhance market share and potentially increase profitability.
