Vijesh Kumar V graduated with honors in architecture and completed a master's degree in infrastructure design. He is currently an assistant professor teaching architecture. The document discusses using Voronoi tessellation patterns found in nature to optimize sustainability in architecture and planning. Voronoi patterns can divide space based on nodes and have been used historically in various fields. They have potential applications to derive complex geometries and spatial relationships in architecture when used parametrically. Several architectural examples that use Voronoi patterns to organize space and relate to site conditions are provided.
Nature and Psychological Comfort: Biophilic ArchitecturePrabal Dahal
Bachelors' Level Directed Studies Research Presentation on how nature can bring about comfort to human beings done as a part of semester report for partial fulfillment of requirements of Bachelors of Architecture Degree at Kathmandu Engineering College, Tribhuvan University.
Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959) was an American architect, designer, writer, and educator. He designed more than 1,000 structures over a creative period of 70 years.
Wrightt believed in designing in harmony with humanity and its environment, a philosophy he called organic architecture.
This philosophy was best exemplified by Fallingwater (1935), which has been called the best all-time work of American architecture. As a founder of organic architecture, Wright played a key role in the architectural movements of the twentieth century, influencing three generations of architects worldwide through his works.
There is a train station and a few office and apartment buildings in Broadacre City. All important transport is done by automobile, and the pedestrian can exist safely only within the confines of the one-acre (0.40-hectare) plots where most of the population dwells.
Nature and Psychological Comfort: Biophilic ArchitecturePrabal Dahal
Bachelors' Level Directed Studies Research Presentation on how nature can bring about comfort to human beings done as a part of semester report for partial fulfillment of requirements of Bachelors of Architecture Degree at Kathmandu Engineering College, Tribhuvan University.
Frank Lloyd Wright (June 8, 1867 – April 9, 1959) was an American architect, designer, writer, and educator. He designed more than 1,000 structures over a creative period of 70 years.
Wrightt believed in designing in harmony with humanity and its environment, a philosophy he called organic architecture.
This philosophy was best exemplified by Fallingwater (1935), which has been called the best all-time work of American architecture. As a founder of organic architecture, Wright played a key role in the architectural movements of the twentieth century, influencing three generations of architects worldwide through his works.
There is a train station and a few office and apartment buildings in Broadacre City. All important transport is done by automobile, and the pedestrian can exist safely only within the confines of the one-acre (0.40-hectare) plots where most of the population dwells.
Urban conservation techniques and strategies mainly followed in the INDIA.This is done for my friends in B.ARCH(VIIth semester) JNAFAU & JNTUK.
University.
THEORY OF URBAN DESIGN
The main analyses focused on project Sishane Park – “a bold shift in urban public space in central Istanbul. Located between the southwestern edge of Beyoglu and the highly trafficked Tarlibasi Road”-From the architect
A/ THEORY OF ROGER TRANCIK
1- FIGURE-GROUND
2- LINKAGE
3- PLACE
B/ THEORY OF KEVIN LYNCH
1- PATH
2- EDGE
3- DISTRICT
4- NODE
5- LANDMARK
Kevyn introduced a concept of planning that was the base for understanding and visualising The Planning Aspects; important for the budding planners.
The presentation initiates the same understanding and invokes a means for better understanding of 'Planning'.
Jacobs had no professional training in the field of city planning, nor did she hold the title of planner. Instead, she relied on her observations and common sense to show why certain places work, and what can be done to improve those that do not
This project seeks to help solve the problem of substance abuse and
addiction by breaking the cycle of addiction among the youth who are
credulous victims and also help establish conducive standards by providing
a therapeutic environment where they will be given the required treatment
through counselling and rehabilitation.
Urban conservation techniques and strategies mainly followed in the INDIA.This is done for my friends in B.ARCH(VIIth semester) JNAFAU & JNTUK.
University.
THEORY OF URBAN DESIGN
The main analyses focused on project Sishane Park – “a bold shift in urban public space in central Istanbul. Located between the southwestern edge of Beyoglu and the highly trafficked Tarlibasi Road”-From the architect
A/ THEORY OF ROGER TRANCIK
1- FIGURE-GROUND
2- LINKAGE
3- PLACE
B/ THEORY OF KEVIN LYNCH
1- PATH
2- EDGE
3- DISTRICT
4- NODE
5- LANDMARK
Kevyn introduced a concept of planning that was the base for understanding and visualising The Planning Aspects; important for the budding planners.
The presentation initiates the same understanding and invokes a means for better understanding of 'Planning'.
Jacobs had no professional training in the field of city planning, nor did she hold the title of planner. Instead, she relied on her observations and common sense to show why certain places work, and what can be done to improve those that do not
This project seeks to help solve the problem of substance abuse and
addiction by breaking the cycle of addiction among the youth who are
credulous victims and also help establish conducive standards by providing
a therapeutic environment where they will be given the required treatment
through counselling and rehabilitation.
“Fractal Pre-Structured” Building for (Temporary) HousingIDES Editor
How can we express today, in contemporary
architecture, the geometrical-compositive possibilities of a
formal conception based on modular pre-structured
(prefabricated) units? And how can we compare this formal
conception to the most topical needs, as those imposed by
saving environmental resources or those, more dramatic,
represented by the so-called mobile settlements: human flows
in constant motion or the consequences of natural disasters?
Is it possible find a solution, as response to these issues, which
models the geometry of the temporary aggregate in relation
to the shape of its basic modules? The needs of a historical
analysis are rediscovered in the most topical architectural
solutions for construction of temporary structures: Therefore
the article suggests, a particular interpretation of fractal
geometry, as the generating principle of constructive solutions
that fully exploit the physical and formal properties of the
elemental building units. The pre-structured cell becomes,
today, the generative element of a n-dimensions building, that
dilates more and more according to the intuition of Rudolph
Kronenburg that identified the movable cell as “the brick” of
the twentieth century. Under what kind of added values can
we impose a constructive conception, in which the
architectural form, looks like, scaled, the smallest element
that constitutes it?
The data in pdf has been collected from the internet and assembled according to the topic. It is not a self written article or paper. The pdf is about the fluid architecture and its scope in India. As per the available information it is limited to residential areas, however taking case examples from Zaha Hadid's works we can see how it can be taken steps ahead into other areas such as commercial buildings as well.
Creating Great Places - Webinar1_Salutogenic Design QUT
Imagining and designing urban environments where all people thrive is an extraordinary task. For a space to inspire, excite and positively transform people’s lives, it needs to be designed based on theory and research. This PPT is part one of a free four-part webinar design series delving into research, case studies and critical theories to provide you with the tools to create spaces that are inclusive, sustainable and salutogenic, that is, health-promoting.
Based on their newly released book “Creating Great Places: Evidence-based Urban Design for Health and Wellbeing”, Associate Professor of Landscape Architecture Debra Cushing and Professor of Design Psychology Evonne Miller, will lead a conversation about the value and processes of engaging deeply with design theory. In collaboration with Tobias Volbert from Urban Play, Deb and Evonne will walk through a different priority each week:
Week 1 introduces their notion of theory-storming (based on Edward de Bono’s Thinking Hats approach) and how to design salutogenic (health-promoting) places.
Architecture is the art of spaces. The human feelings were influenced by architectural
space from time to time. Relating to the design of a history museum, it could evoke a
certain feeling or memory of a historical event. This dissertation focuses on the
influence of architectural space over period of times.
A theoretical as well as practical key issue in the design of museum and galleries is how
the layout of space interacts with displays to create a specific effect, express the intended
message to visitors. This dissertation aims to capture and represent the history of
mankind’s understanding of space in the design of an architectural building.
Improving the Role of Universities in Conserving the Architectural HeritageIJERA Editor
Universities are known by their significant role in forming the cognitive and educational minds. This paper focused on improving the role of the universities in conserving the architectural heritage through developing an effectivefertile research system that plays a major role in building the necessary programs planned for the architectural heritage conservation. In this paper, a methodology was proposed including archeological survey a documentation of the registered and unregistered historical buildings and archeological sites planned by the local universities in order to come up yet with a reliable source for the status of those historical buildings and sites and improve the universities role in conserving the architectural heritage especially on the research and documentation part of the conservation process.
A point is converted to a plane. Further the plane was acted with the catenary force, there invented the catenary geometry. Secondly, the considerable vectors has been found in the geometry to divide the shell and get the considerable node and surrounding neighbor points to create the closed interpolate curve. Deducting the closed curve we could the porous shell.
Importance of evolution of human settlementsVijesh Kumar V
IMPORTANCE OF EVOLUTION OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS
1.Origin of civilization,
2.Effects of civilization on Human settlements,
3.Determinants of Human settlements,
4.Ancients towns in India.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
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In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
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Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
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Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...
Voronoi and sustainability
1. 1
Architect Vijesh Kumar V graduated B.Arch with Gold Medal & Outstanding Student
Award from National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, in 2010. Completed
M.Tech Infrastructure Design & Management from Indian Institute of Technology,
Kharagpur, in 2012. Currently working as Assistant Professor in SAN Academy of
Architecture, ACC Pirivu, Navakkarai (P.O.), Mavuthampathy Village, Walayar,
Coimabatore, Tamilnadu – 641105.
A STUDY OF VORONOI TESSELLATION IN THE CONTEXT OF
SUSTAINABILITY IN ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING
Vijesh Kumar V
Assistant Professor, SAN Academy of Architecture, Walayar, Tamilnadu
(E-mail: architectvijeshkumarv@gmail.com, mob: 09487005023)
Mailing Address: SAN Academy of Architecture, ACC Pirivu,
Navakkarai (P.O.), Mavuthampathy Village, Walayar, Coimabatore,
Tamilnadu - 641105
Abstract
Everything in this visible world are woven by the invisible threads of forces of
geometry. This very belief raises the curiousity in Arhitects and Planners as a parametric
enquiry of form finding, governed by nature’s laws that connects both visible and invisible.
The discovery of sacred geometry and golden section gave way for a different thought
approach towards architecture and planning. These methods gave an extra precision on
mimicking the geometries of nature to attain sustainability and eco-effective solutions; called
bionic architecture, in the latest trend is called parametric architecture – everything as
parameters which will affect on the evolution of form, not as one but deriving many
possibilities. One of the observable geometric pattern in nature is Voronoi Pattern. It
explains certain geometries observed in the nature; in visible things which includes leaves,
wings of dragonfly, carapace of a turtle, honey comb, skin, it goes on; and in invisible things
which includes personal space, service area, economic areas of similarity, it goes on. These
observations increases the curiousity to use it as a tool to attain sustainability in architecture
and planning. This paper will make an attempt to study and discuss about possibilities of
Voronoi Patterns as an natural geometry to attain sustainability in architecture and
planning.
Keywords: Algorithm; Architecture and Planning; Optmization; Parametric
architecture; Voronoi Pattern
2. 2
1. INTRODUCTION
Architects and Planners works
together to meet the needs of the people.
Architecture and Planning is said to be
sustainable when it performs its functions
over the dynamics of environment and of
users and their activities, providing
psycho-physical-physiological comfort.
The character of sustainability increases as
the effectiveness increases in the use and
movement of materials and energy.
Architects and Planners always seek ways
to optimize the activity nodes and
circulation paths between those; which
will lead to reduction in time and energy
management. In the age of bionic
architecture and planning scholars seeks
the ways to optimize energy use through
representing the concepts from biological
order called as bionic architecture. These
observable solution forms recreated by
mimicking various guiding parameters to
evolve multiple solution forms in
evolution called parametric architecture.
1.1. Understanding Sustainability
Sustainability is an impact
network. Today people are alert with
resource depletion and energy usage, in the
3. 3
way they are conscious of their survival,
individually and socially. So, when the
society becomes sustainable the individual
will, and vice versa. (See Fig: 1)
1.2. Role of Technology in Sustainability
Technology has a greater impact on
Sustainability with respect to its use in
controlling performance of environment
through optimizing various factors with
respect to the dynamics of contextual
environment, through artificial intelligence
providing optimal conditions for human
well being in its widest sense while using
minimum non–renewable resources.
Parametric form finding will be the future.
2. VORONOI PATTERN
It is an algorithm, which is used to
divide a multi-dimensional space into sub-
spaces with respect to the central nodes by
defining bisect vectors as center of sub-
spaces. It is used for representing natural
phenomena through multidimensional
geometrical modelling. This algorithm has
been used for structural and spatial
derivations.
Dated use of Voronoi diagram is on
1644 to Rene Descartes. In 1850 Lejeune
Dirichlet used in his studies of quadratic
forms used 2D and 3D charts of Voronoi.
British doctor John Snow in 1854 used it
for representing the distribution of
deceased people. Georgy Voronyi, in
1908 he conducted research on the n-
dimensional shapes and he defined them. It
is also known as Voronoi tessellation,
Voronoi decomposition or Dirichlet
tessellation.
It has the geometric potential to derive
a variety of complex geometries. It is an
organizational phenomenon that
sometimes named as ‘nature’s rule’. It
happens in a variety of scales with
different materials and forms. It is
suggested as an attractive and non-
repetitive design tool. This pattern can be
created with several algorithms as;
Incremental Algorithm, Divide and
Conquer Algorithm, Chain Algorithm,
Fortune’s Algorithm, sweep Algorithm
and 3D Projection Algorithm.
It is used for searching for the nearest
neighborhood, determining the position
function (nodes), finding the largest empty
circle (cells) and path planning (edges).
Infinite solutions are possible in a given
space by this method (See Fig: 4; Pattern:
5 – 20 & Fig: 5; Pattern: 4 - 9). This
algorithm used as an application in
biology, geophysics, anthropology,
computer graphics, architectural design
and urban planning.
6. 6
3. Applications in Architecture
The task of architecture is to create
intelligent spaces as per architectural
requirements with the complex of society
and nature. Voronoi patterns can be
modelled by the use of parameters to
build spatial relationships. It is a rarely
limited geometry, includes unexpected
results too. Architects such as Toyo Ito,
Fuller or Frei Otto were inspired by
formation principles, geometries, spatial
effect and constructions in nature
(Friedrich, 2008).
3.1. Kaohsiung National Centre for
the Performing Arts in Taiwan by Zaha
Hadid & Patrik Schumacher
Spatial organization and public
progression through site are derived from
Voronoi pattern, as a strategy to analyze
the relationship between the environment
and site data (trees, monuments and
borders). A strong sense of organic
coherence is generated using this method.
The local treasured trees, historic buildings
and site boundaries are closely packed
with resulting voronoi pattern. The
resultant design was able to respect the
crrent situation of the site and to cultivate
a strong affiliation between all the spaces.
3.2.Tulum Museum in Mexico by
Andrew Kudless
As an extremely important
archeological site, the primary concern at
Tulum is the minimization of human
impact on the landscape and historical
artifacts. This is achieved through the
relocation of the museum site to align with
the existing flow of movement. This
location avoids clearing large areas of
forest as well as places the museum
between the existing entrance and exit to
the ruins. The solution was to choreograph
a spatial rhythm, to utilize the empty
spaces between the spatial nodes using
voronoi pattern.
The structure relates directly to the
stone aggregate walls of the Tulum site by
use of 3D voronoi tile system: the structure
could be considered as the materialization
of the voids between the individual stones.
7. 7
Thus, the museum structure refers to the
existing tectonic yet renders it lightweight
and airy. It is the invisible made visible.
3.3.NetLab by G_nome, London, 2006
This is 16 months research on
Parametric Architecture using algorithms
to generate a variety of solutions on forms
in real contexts, redefining the architect’s
role by integrating design, analysis and
production-manufacturing as a whole
formal process. Using algorithms to
express different social systems, scale and
needs of the users using Voronoi Pattern.
This research gives access to an iterative
process of feedback, adjustment and
optimization of the design. It connects
different working-patterns as a non-linear
network based on the Voronoi algorithm.
This research would not be a
replacement to the designer nor an
automation of the design process, but
rather it represents an open framework
where the designer can develop a more
integral relationship between the various
conflicting and overlapping issues of an
architectural project.
3.4. National Aquatics Center (Water
Cube) at Beijing
It was built alongside Beijing National
Stadium in the Olympic Green for the
swimming competitions of the 2008 Summer
Olympics. Despite its nickname ‘Water Cube’,
the building is not an actual cube, but a cuboid
(a rectangular box) of 178 metres (584 ft)
square and 31 metres (102 ft) high.
The Water Cube was specially
designed and built by a consortium made up of
PTW Architects (an Australian architecture
firm), Arup international engineering group,
CSCEC (China State Construction
Engineering Corporation), and CCDI (China
Construction Design International) of
Shanghai. The concept came up with team
effort; the Chinese partners felt a square was
more symbolic to Chinese culture and its
relationship to the Bird's Nest stadium, while
the Sydney-based partners came up with the
idea of covering the 'cube' with bubbles,
symbolising water. Contextually the cube
symbolises earth whilst the circle (represented
by the stadium) represents heaven.
The outer wall is based on the
Weaire–Phelan structure, a structure devised
from the natural pattern of bubbles in soap
lather. The complex Weaire–Phelan pattern
was developed by slicing through bubbles in
soap foam, resulting in more irregular, organic
patterns than foam bubble structures proposed
earlier by the scientist Kelvin. It is a 3D
voroical pattern.
8. 8
3.5. Activity programming with
personal space
Territorial Behaviour of Animals
and Vegetations are observed as Voronoi
Pattern. If all the subjects settle at the same
time, then the distribution of Voronoi
centers can be that for a centroidal
Voronoi tessellation.
In an experiment illustrated by G.
W. Barlow in his book ‘Hexagonal
Territories, Animal Behavior’, the
territories created by male Tilapia
mossambica fishes inside a polarizing
filter through digging a sand pit formed a
pattern of polygons were similar to
voronoi pattern.
This spatial dominance competition
not only visible in animals and plants,but
also in humans. Scott Sona Snibbe created
computer generative voronoi patterns on
the floor with the movement of people,
with his well-known full-body interactive
work ‘Boundary Functions (1998)’,
premiering at Ars Electronica 1998. The
pattern created are very dynamic.
4. In Planning
The task of planning is to locate the
services and infrastructure requirements of
a region. For example, to check the
convenience of mailbox placement
9. 9
throughout a population, taking
assumptions:
A person will use the mailbox nearest
to their home.
The cost to a person of using a mailbox
is a function of the distance from the
person to the mailbox.
The cost to the general population is
measured by the distance to the nearest
mailbox averaged over the population.
The optimal placement of mailboxes is
one that minimizes cost, or the distance
to the population in general.
The central nodes obtained will tell the
location of mail boxes in the region.
The very idea can be used in many
different aspects of urban and regional
planning on the placement of resource,
utility and service infrastructures.
5. Conclusion
Architecture and Planning are
increasingly becoming a simulation to
implement complex relationship between
environment. There are many reasons and
benefits for its use as: deriving structural
properties; organization of space based on
the neighborhood and closeness proximity;
Many natural forms can be described with
the help of these diagrams like soap
bubbles, foam, bone cells, goes on;
Creating a systematic design process for
urban design using parametric system;
Balancing of forces and tensions in the
structural design; Variety of design options
in the design of a balanced hierarchical
system. With further development, it may
be used as a mean to explain tangible
natural phenomena and non-tangible social
phenomena.
6. Acknowledgements
I extend my gratitude to my student who
helped me with the works namely: Pugal
Varma.
7. References
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