VLC uses visible light communication to transmit data using LED light sources. It has several advantages over traditional RF including unlimited bandwidth potential, no EMI or health hazards, and low power consumption. However, VLC has a much shorter coverage distance than RF. Key applications of VLC include traffic lights that communicate with vehicles, ship-to-ship communication, and indoor lighting that doubles as a communication system.

2. Introduction
Motivation
History
Technology and modulation
VLC Characteristics
VLC vs. RF Characteristics
Advantages & Disadvantages
Applications
Conclusion

5. ~ 800 B.C. 405 B.C. 280 B.C. 1800s 1880 1900s Current
Photophone
Sunlight Heliograph
By Bell
Beacon Pharos Burning Kite
Fire
Fire Lighthouse In Battle
Ship-to-ship Traffic Light
Lamp
Comm. /Signboard Light
LED VLC

6. Modulation Light
Data
(PPM/FSK) source
Demodulation
Data (PPM/FSK) PD or CCD

7. 2003
100 LED
2005
10 LED
Cost / Brightness ratio
2010
LED
1
Halogen
Lamp Fluorescent Lamp 2015
Incandescent LED
Lamp
0 50 100 150
Brightness / Power ratio

8. 480M
UWB
100M
50M 802.11a
UFIR
Data rate (bps)
802.11b
16M
VLC
4M
FIR
Bluetooth
115
VI
K IR ZigBee
1 2 3 6 1 2 5
Distance (m) 1 0 0

10. Property VLC RF
Visibility Yes No
Bandwidth Unlimited, Regulatory, BW
400nm~700nm Limited
EMI No High
Hazard No Yes
Power Relative low Medium
Consumption
Coverage Distance Short Medium