The following ppt gives overview about Optical Communication and the underlying principle with the general overview of all the contents for optical communication
Optical Fiber Basic Concept Which May Help You To Understand More Easily. The Slide Is Specially For Engineering Background. Anyone can get easily understand by studying this material. Thank you.
The following ppt gives overview about Optical Communication and the underlying principle with the general overview of all the contents for optical communication
Optical Fiber Basic Concept Which May Help You To Understand More Easily. The Slide Is Specially For Engineering Background. Anyone can get easily understand by studying this material. Thank you.
A brief presentation about optical fiber technology. Presented by Abdessalam BENHARIRA and Laurent PANEK.
Summary
1. What is optical fiber ?
2. How it works ?
3. Different types
4. Uses
5. Advantages and disadvantages
6. Conclusion
INTRODUCTION: Fibre optical sensors offer number of distinct advantages which makes them unique for many applications where conventional sensors are difficult or impossible to deploy or can not provide the same wealth of information. They are completely passive, hence can be used in explosive environment. Immunity to electromagnetic interference makes it ideal for microwave environment. They are resistant to high temperatures and chemically reactive environment, ideal for harsh and hostile environment. Small size makes it ideal for embedding and surface mounting. Has high degree of biocompatibility, non-intrusive nature and electromagnetic immunity, ideal for medical applications like intra-aortic balloon pumping. They can monitor a wide range of physical and chemical parameters. It has potential for very high sensitivity, range and resolution. Complete electrical insulation from high electrostatic potential and Remote operation over several km lengths without any lead sensitivity makes it ideal for deployment in boreholes or measurements in hazardous environment. Unique multiplexed and distributed sensors provide measurements at large number of points along single optical cable, ideal for minimising cable deployment and cable weight, monitoring extended structures like pipelines, dams.
Various types of sensors are Point sensors, Integrated Sensors, Quasidistributed multiplexed sensors, Distributed sensors. Examples of such sensors are Fabry-Perot sensors, Single Fibre Bragg Grating sensors, Integrated strain sensor, Intruder Pressure sensor, Strain/Force sensor, Position sensor, Temperature sensor, Deformation sensor etc.
An optical fiber (or optical fibre) is a flexible, transparent fiber made of high quality extruded glass (silica) or plastic, slightly thicker than a human hair. It can function as a waveguide, or “light pipe”, to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber.
An electron gun generates an electron beam that is interacting with a slow-wave structure.
It sustains the oscillations by propagating a traveling wave backwards against the beam
. The generated electromagnetic wave power has its group velocity directed oppositely to the direction of motion of the electrons.
The output power is coupled out near the electron gun.
A brief presentation about optical fiber technology. Presented by Abdessalam BENHARIRA and Laurent PANEK.
Summary
1. What is optical fiber ?
2. How it works ?
3. Different types
4. Uses
5. Advantages and disadvantages
6. Conclusion
INTRODUCTION: Fibre optical sensors offer number of distinct advantages which makes them unique for many applications where conventional sensors are difficult or impossible to deploy or can not provide the same wealth of information. They are completely passive, hence can be used in explosive environment. Immunity to electromagnetic interference makes it ideal for microwave environment. They are resistant to high temperatures and chemically reactive environment, ideal for harsh and hostile environment. Small size makes it ideal for embedding and surface mounting. Has high degree of biocompatibility, non-intrusive nature and electromagnetic immunity, ideal for medical applications like intra-aortic balloon pumping. They can monitor a wide range of physical and chemical parameters. It has potential for very high sensitivity, range and resolution. Complete electrical insulation from high electrostatic potential and Remote operation over several km lengths without any lead sensitivity makes it ideal for deployment in boreholes or measurements in hazardous environment. Unique multiplexed and distributed sensors provide measurements at large number of points along single optical cable, ideal for minimising cable deployment and cable weight, monitoring extended structures like pipelines, dams.
Various types of sensors are Point sensors, Integrated Sensors, Quasidistributed multiplexed sensors, Distributed sensors. Examples of such sensors are Fabry-Perot sensors, Single Fibre Bragg Grating sensors, Integrated strain sensor, Intruder Pressure sensor, Strain/Force sensor, Position sensor, Temperature sensor, Deformation sensor etc.
An optical fiber (or optical fibre) is a flexible, transparent fiber made of high quality extruded glass (silica) or plastic, slightly thicker than a human hair. It can function as a waveguide, or “light pipe”, to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber.
An electron gun generates an electron beam that is interacting with a slow-wave structure.
It sustains the oscillations by propagating a traveling wave backwards against the beam
. The generated electromagnetic wave power has its group velocity directed oppositely to the direction of motion of the electrons.
The output power is coupled out near the electron gun.
Course: Semiconductor Physics for B.Tech
Topic: Basics of Optical Fibre Communication
The slides have been explained using animations, so download the presentation and run on your computer for better visualisation.
Optical Current Transformer is an alternative to the existing conventional current transformers, providing an advanced measurement solution for both metering and protection applications, based on a cutting-edge patented optical sensing technology.
A Study on Uniform and Apodized Fiber Bragg GratingsIJSRD
The design, simulation and analysis of an optical Fiber Bragg Grating for maximum reflectivity, minimum side lobe power wastage has been done using MATLAB software. The reflection spectra and side lobes strength were analyzed with different grating lengths, refractive index profiles and pitch values. The simulations are based on coupled mode equations and transfer matrix method that describes the interaction of guided modes.
Lase Optics What are Fiber Optic Sensors and Its Applications.docx.pdfLase Optics
Fiber-based sensors known as fiber optic sensors employ optical fibers to measure a variety of physical parameters, including mechanical strain, temperature, chemical species concentrations, rotations, pressure, vibrations, and displacements.
An optical fiber is a hair thin cylindrical fiber of glass or any transparent dielectric medium.
The fiber which are used for optical communication are wave guides made of transparent dielectrics.
Its function is to guide visible and infrared light over long distances.
Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of light through an optical fiber. The light forms anelectromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to carry information.
Optical fiber is used by many telecommunications companies to transmit telephone signals, Internet communication, and cable television signals.
The process of communicating using fiber-optics involves the following basic steps: Creating the optical signal involving the use of a transmitter, relaying the signal along the fiber, ensuring that the signal does not become too distorted or weak, receiving the optical signal, and converting it into an electrical signal.
Optical cable: It serves as transmission medium.
Optical detector: It is responsible for optical to electrical conversion of data and hence responsible for demodulation of the optical carrier. It may be a photodiodes, phototransistor, and photoconductors.
Electrical receiver: It is used for electrical interfacing at the receiver end of the optical link and to perform the signal processing electrically.
Destination: It is the final point at which we receive the information in the form of electrical signal.
Applications -In telecommunication field
In space applications
Broadband applications
Computer applications industrial applications
Mining applications
In medical applications
In military applications etc.
Optical Fibre and It's Applications.pptxPurva Nikam
An optical fibre is flexible, transparent fibre made up of glass or silica used for transmitting optical signals from one end to another. The diameter of optical fibre is slightly thicker than that of human hair.
An optical fiber (or optical fibre) is a flexible, transparent fiber made by drawing glass (silica) or plastic to a diameter slightly thicker than that of a human hair.Optical fibers are used most often as a means to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber and find wide usage in fiber-optic communications
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. INTRODUCTION
• Fibre optic technology is one of the fastest growing
technology.
• Optical fibre draw more interests of researchers and
engineers for its valuable characteristics.
• It is mainly used to sense the physical and chemical
properties such as strains, vibrations, accelerations, linear
and rotary position.
• It is also used to sense temperatures, pressures, determination
of pH, refractive index of liquid solution, pipeline condition
monitoring etc.
3. DEFINITION
• An Optical fibre is a transparent guiding medium or material
which guides the information carrying light waves.
• It is made of glass or plastic.
• It can function as a light pipe to transmit light between the
two ends of the fibre.
• Optical fibres are widely used in fiber-optic
communications.
• The field of applied science and engineering concerned with
the design and application of optical fibres is known as
Fibre optics.
4. HISTORY
• In the 1840s, physicists Daniel Collodon and Jacques
Babinet showed that light could be directed along jets of
water .
• In 1854, John Tyndall, physicist, demonstrated that light
could travel through a curved stream of water.
• Alexander Graham Bell patented an optical telephone system
called the photo phone in 1880.
5. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
• Index of refraction: It is a way of measuring the speed of
light in a material. Light travels fastest in a vacuum, such
as in outer space
• Total Internal Reflection: When light is travelling in an
optically dense medium hits a boundary at a steep angle the
light is completely reflected. This is called total internal
reflection.
6. SINGLE AND MULTIMODE FIBRES
• Single-mode Fibre: In optical fibre technology, single mode
fibre is optical fibre that is designed for the transmission of a
single ray or mode of light as a carrier and is used for long-
distance signal transmission.
• Multi-mode Fibre: In optical fibre technology, multimode
fibre is optical fibre that is designed to carry multiple light
rays or modes concurrently, each at a slightly different
reflection angle within the optical fibre core
7. CLASSIFICATION OF OPTICAL FIBRE
• Optical fibres are classified in to two types:
• 1.Step-Index Optical Fibre:The Refractive index of core
and cladding of a step index fibre is constant.
• Graded-Index Optical Fibre: In this type of fibre cone has
a non-uniform refractive index that gradually decrease
from the centre towards the core cladding interface
8. Attenuation
• Attenuation is the loss of the optical power. It takes place in
Optical fibre due to elements like coupler, splices, connector and
fibre itself.
• Attenuation may be categorised as Intrinsic and Extrinsic. The
specific attenuation actually depends on the wave length of the
radiation travelling along the Optic fibre.
9. Applications of Fiber Optics
Fiber Optic Technology has grown tremendously over the years and
today can be found in many surprising places.
Main Applications of Fiber Optics are:
Communication Systems
Medicine
Sensors
Military
Electronics
10. Applications of Fiber Optics in Communication Systems.
• Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting
information from one place to another by sending pulses of light
through an optical fiber.
• Optical fiber is used by many telecommunications companies to
transmit telephone signals, Internet communication, and cable
television signals.
11. Process of Communication
• The process of communicating using fiber-optics involves the
following basic steps:
1. Creating the optical signal involving the use of a transmitter,
2. Relaying the signal along the fiber, ensuring that the signal does
not become too distorted or weak,
3. Receiving the optical signal, and converting it into an electrical
signal.
12. Technology
Modern fiber-optic communication systems generally include an
Optical transmitter : to convert an electrical signal into an
optical signal to send into the optical fiber.
13. Technology
A Cable: containing bundles of multiple optical fibers.
An Optical Receiver: to recover the signal as an electrical signal.
15. Advantages of Optical Fiber Communication
The life of fibre is longer than Copper wire.
Handling and Installation costs of Optical fiber are very nominal.
It is unaffected with electromagnetic Interference.
Attenuation in optical fibre is lower than coaxial cable or twisted pair.
There is no necessity of additional equipment for protecting against
grounding and voltage problems.
As it does not radiates energy any antenna or detector cannot detects it
hence provides signal security.
Extremely wide band width.
16. Applications of Fiber Optics in Medicine
• Fiber optics have been used in the medical industry for years. The
physical characteristics of fiber make it a natural choice for many
different applications.
• Fiber optics provide a very compact, flexible conduit for light or
data delivery in equipment, surgical, and instrumentation
applications.
17. Applications
• Traditional medical fiber optic applications include:
Light therapy
Ophthalmic lasers
Lab and clinical diagnostics
Endoscopy
surgical microscopy
Dental hand pieces
18. Applications in Sensors
• A fiber optic sensor is a sensor that uses optical fiber either as the
sensing element or as a means of relaying signals from a remote
sensor to the electronics that process the signals .
• They are widely used in sensors for sensing and measuring of
acoustic fields, magnetic fields,currents,acceleration,strain etc.,
19. Applications
• Fibre Optic Sensor holds particularly for harsh environments, such
as sensing in high-voltage and high-power machinery, or in
microwave ovens.
• Bragg grating sensors can also be used to monitor the conditions
e.g. within the wings of airplanes, in wind turbines, bridges, large
dams, oil wells and pipelines.
20. Applications in Military
• Fiber optic products are used in a variety of military applications.
• The Military uses fiber optic technology for a wide variety of air,
sea, ground, and space applications.
• Military fiber optic applications are highly specialized.
21. Applications in Electronics
• Fiber optic products for the electronics market cover a wide range
of applications.
• Typically used in professional audio/video, alarm/security, and
OEM component connections.
22. Future Applications
• In Research field, fiber is enabling the creation of clocks that are
more accurate before. By combining a laser with an optical fiber,
these clocks allow scientists to measure time accurately than they
have been able to previously, enabling better, more precise.
23. Disadvantages of Fiber Optics
• Highly skilled staff would be required for maintenance.
• Only point to point working is possible on Optical fibre.
• Precise and costly instruments would be required.
• Costly and Expensive.
• Jointing of Fibers is a Time consuming process.
24. Conclusion
• The age of optical communications is a new era.
• At present there are many optical fiber communication links
throughout the world without using optical solutions.
• We can expect a great revolution in optical fiber communication
within a few years by means of solutions.
