post harvestment of crops

1. Post harvest
processing of crops

2. Sugar yielding
Sugarcane
Extraction of the juice
 Crushing the cane between massive rollers in the first steps in raw sugar
processing
 Imbibition-sprays of water directed on the blanket of bagasse, emerge out
the sugar
 Un extracted sugar, woody fiber used in paper manufacture or as fuel

3. Purification of juice
 CLARIFICATION: remove soluble and insoluble impurities, cao and heat
 EVAPURATION: clarified juice contain 85% water, evaporated in vaccum,
vaccum boiling bodies arranged in series
 CRYSTALLIZATION: single effect vaccum pan, syrup is evaporated until
saturated with sugar,crstal and syrup form dens masses –massecuite,
centrifugation, raw sugar dried fluidized bed

4. FERMENTATION OR AGEING:
• Fit for human consumption
• Colors are even out, the rawness and bitter taste of cured leaf are eliminated
and fine aroma is developed
• Fermentation heat is generated along with evolution of co2 and absorption of
o2from air ,loss of organic matter

5. Oil yielding
COCONUT
 DRYING OF COPRA: copra is the dried meant. Oil
content is about 60-70%,exposing the split halves of
the nut to the heat of sun or artificial heat

6.  EXTRACTION OF HEAT: rural area-copra is crushed in the chekku,
commercial scale –rotary mills, expeller and hydraulic pressure are
used
 REFINING: coconut oil contain fatty acid and impurities, treatment
with alkali(castic soda) neutralise fatty acid, soap removed
washing with hot water and moisture removed by heating the oil
under vaccum

7. PULSES
Group of crop of the legume family
PEAS (Psium sativum L.)
Fresh pea are consumed as such or canned,curried and dehydrater
Dry green seeded processed for canning

8. BEVERAGES
COFFEE
a. INSTANT COFFEE:
• Vapourising a strong infusion of coffee in vaccumor freeze drying technique

9. a. PROCESSING IF COFFEE SEED:
 cherry coffee filled with running water
 fruits are subjected to pulping
 seed or parchment coffee fermented removed the mucilage and to impart flavour
 seed are washed , dried in the sun or mechanical drier

10. references
 Economic botany of crop pant, A. V. S.S S ambamurty, (2000), asiatech
publisher INC.