This document describes a project on lazy wavelet transform based steganography in video. It discusses hiding a secret video file in a cover video file by replacing the least significant bits of frames in the cover video with data from the secret video. The methodology section describes using MATLAB for lazy wavelet transforms on video frames to generate subbands, then using LSB substitution to hide the secret video data in the cover video's subbands. Results show high PSNR values, indicating the hidden video is imperceptible. Potential applications include confidential communication, copyright marking, and circumventing policies restricting encryption.

1. LAZYWAVELET TRANSFORM
BASED STEGANOGRAPHYIN
VIDEO
KRISHNA C (4)
RESHMA S (33)
RESHMA SUNNY (34)
SHAJANA K BASHEER (44)
S8 ECE B
PROJECT GUIDE : NIMMY M PHILIP
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2. CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
3. BLOCK DIAGRAM
4. METHODOLOGY
a. SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION
b. FLOW CHART
5. RESULTS
6. APPLICATIONS
7. CONCLUSION
8. FUTURE SCOPE
9. REFERENCES
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3. INTRODUCTION
• Information hiding – utmost importance in today’s world
• Data easily available in digital format
• Unauthorised copying on the rise
• Two disciplines of information hiding:
• Steganography
• Digital Watermarking
• Digital Watermarking:
• process of hiding digital information in a carrier signal.
• To verify authenticity.
• Maybe embedded in audio, video, text etc.
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4. • Steganography:
• Data maybe hidden in image, audio or video.
• Media used for hiding – cover.
• Hidden data – text, image, audio, video etc.
• Hidden message – imperceptible to viewers.
• Message  encrypted hidden in the cover
• Our project deals with Steganography of video files into
video file.
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5. LITERATURE SURVEY
1. An Overview of Steganography[2]
Shawn D. Dickman
• Steganography is a useful tool that allows transmission of
information over an communication channel.
• It comes from Greek language, “Stegos” meaning hidden, and
“Graphia” writing.
• Modifications to the data in the cover file must have insignificant
or no impact to the final presentation.
• Least significant bit of each sample- less impact to the graphical
representation of the data.
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6. • Using a 24-bit image, a bit of each of the red, green and blue
colour components can be used, since they are each
represented by a byte.
• A grid for 3 pixels of a 24-bit image can be as follows:
(00101101 00011100 11011100)
(10100110 11000100 00001100)
(11010010 10101101 01100011)
• When the number 200 (11001000-binary), is embedded into
the LSB of this part of the image, the resulting grid is :
(00101101 00011101 11011100)
(10100110 11000101 00001100)
(11010010 10101100 01100011)
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7. 2. IntegerWavelet Transforms using the Lifting
Scheme[3]
• Conventional wavelet transform does not guarantee the
reversibility.
• Lifting scheme is an algorithm to calculate wavelet transforms
in an efficient way.
• Three steps
1. Lazy wavelet transform
2. Dual lifting
3. Primal lifting
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8. • Lifting scheme can be modified easily to a transform that maps
integers to integers-hence reversible
• Input image divided into non-overlapping subbands and
embeds a secret data into the high frequency wavelet
coefficients.
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9. 3. Overview: Main Fundamentals for Steganography
[4]
Steganography Types
1. Pure steganography : no stego key
2. Secret key steganography : stego key is exchanged
prior to communication.
3. Public key steganography : a public key and a private key
is used.
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10. Characterization of steganography systems
1. Capacity : Total number of bits hidden and successfully
recovered by the Stego system
2. Robustness : Ability of the embedded data to remain intact if
the stego-system undergoes transformation
3. Invisibility : Concept based on the properties of the human
visual system.
Average human subject is unable to distinguish between
carriers that do contain hidden information and those that do not.
4. Security : Embedded algorithm is secure if the embedded
information is not subject to removal after being discovered by
the attacker
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11. SteganographyV/s Cryptography
Steganography
• Cover message + secret
message + key
• Does not alter structure of
secret message.
• Prevents the discovery of
existence of communication.
• Little known technology.
Cryptography
• Secret message + key
• Alters structure of secret
message.
• Prevents discovery of
contents of communication.
• Common technology.
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12. BLOCK DIAGRAM
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13. • Cover video : Video used for hiding secret video (large size)
• Secret video : Secret message to be transmitted (small size)
• Lazy Wavelet Transform : Covert each frame in spatial
domain into frequency domain (Generate four subbands)
• LSB substitution : Replace each LSB of cover video with
secret video data.
• Inverse lazy wavelet transform : Combine four subbands
and covert each frame in frequency domain into spatial
domain.
• Embedded Video : Cover video + Secret video
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14. METHODOLOGY
A) SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION
• Software used: MATLAB.
• MATLAB:
• Fourth generation programming language.
• Developed by MathWorks.
• High performance language for technical computing.
• Allows interfacing of programs written in other
programming languages like C, C++, Java etc.
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15. • Wide variety of inbuilt functions.
-VideoReader : Read video
- rgb2gray : Covert RGB image to Gray scale image
- lwt2 : Do lazy wavelet transformation
• User-defined functions can also be used.
• Some user-defined functions used in our program
• Stegno: Performing steganography on subbands of video
frames.
• Datahiding: hiding data into LSB of the selected sub
band.
• Destegno: for extracting the hidden video file.
• Dataextract: for extracting data from LSB of sub band.
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16. B) FLOW CHART
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19. RESULTS
1. LWTOUTPUT
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20. 2. COMPARISON
Histogram before hiding Histogram after hiding
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21. First frame before hiding First frame after hiding
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22. 3. PSNR
Peak signal to noise ratio of First frame after hiding:
87.0820 dB
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23. APPLICATIONS
• Confidential communication and secret data storing
• Protection of data alteration
• Access control system for digital content distribution
• Media Database systems
Fields of application
• Defense and intelligence
• Medical
• On-line banking
• On-line transaction
• To stop music piracy
• Other financial and commercial purposes
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24. CONCLUSION
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• The project provides a new method for video steganography
• The method considers the visual part of the video as a set of
images or frames in which the secure data which is encrypted is
actually stored.
• Steganography in our current digital age can be attributed to the
desire of individuals to hide communication through a medium
rife with potential listener.

25. • This increased interest is evidenced in the sheer number of
available tools to provide easy steganographic techniques to the
end user.
• In areas where cryptography and strong encryption are being
outlawed, steganography used to circumvent such policies and
pass messages.
• The battle between cryptographers and cryptanalysis, security
experts and hackers, steganography and Steganalysis will
continually develop new techniques to counter each other.
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26. FUTURE SCOPE
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• Voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) used for steganography
owing to its difficulty in detecting hidden information in VoIP
streams.
• Steganography is capable of mitigating piracy by aiding
copyright marking.
• Digital camera manufacturers could implement steganographic
features as a part of camera firmware to annotate pictures with
the photographer's copyright information.

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•The other areas that could conceivably be employed to hide
messages are:
 Holography technology.
Infrared (e.g. programmable IR hand controls for computers
Pagers).
 Colored glasses that filter all but intended wavelengths to make
hidden messages visible.
 Ink, magnetic, thermochromic, photochromic.
 DNA message hiding.

28. REFERENCES
[1]Lazy Wavelet Transform Based Steganography in Video
Khushman Patel,Kul Kauwid Rora, Kamini Singh,Shekhar Verma Dept
of CSE, IIIT Allahabad, Allahabad (U.P.),2014
[2] An overview of image steganography
T. Morkel 1, J.H.P. Eloff 2, M.S. Olivier 3,Information and Computer
Security Architecture (ICSA) Research Group Department of
Computer Science University of Pretoria, South Africa
[3] Integer Wavelet Transforms using the Lifting Scheme
Geert uytterhoeven dirk roose adhemar bultheel Department of
Computer Science Katholieke University
[4] Overview: Main Fundamentals for Steganography
Zaidoon Kh. AL-Ani, A.A.Zaidan, B.B.Zaidan and Hamdan.O.Alanazi
Journal of computing, volume 2, issue 3, march 2010, issn 2151-9617
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