The document outlines procedures for conducting veterolegal necropsies, including evidence collection and proper documentation requirements. It covers various aspects of cause of death assessment, such as rigor mortis and pathological changes in injuries, as well as types of malicious injuries and their forensic implications. The document emphasizes the importance of obtaining proper requests from law enforcement and wildlife departments for handling cases involving livestock and wildlife.

1. VETEROLEGAL
NECROPSY

2. • Handling of veterolegal cases
• Proper documentation: body parts history, , sketching or mapping, writing the notes,
collection of evidence, entire photography & videography
• Collection of evidences : physical (objects) & biological evidences (blood, saliva, hair,
sperms, bones ,teeth etc.)
• We should collect sample in duplicates {multiple copies}
• Illegal criminal cases
• Incudes livestock, wildlife, pet animals
• We should get written request from officials of wildlife department.
• Routine cases of livestock: written request from police.
• No unauthorized person is required.
• Wildlife carcass : only burning {wildlife poaching to smuggling}
• Appear in front of law

3. Appear in front of law
Necropsy after proper
written request from
police and wildlife
department

4. VETEROLEGAL SCIENCE: Time of death & cause of
death
Assessment of time of death
Rigor mortis
 Initially occur in the anterior portion {cardiac
muscle & papillary muscles of eye} then later
pass on to the posterior side.
 It will pass after 16-18 hours.
 Depends on environmental temperature: if
high temperature; fast rigor mortis & if low
temperature slow .
 More active muscle : fast
ALGOR MORTIS:
Dur to increased carbon dioxide
LIVOR MORTIS : gravity fall of blood.

5. Corneal opacity: if we get the head only as evidence ;aqueous humor –absorbed within 24 hours& if
there is presence of aqueous humor so we can conclude that animal died before 24 hrs.
Head cut case
Before death
 Clots and fibrin
 Congestion
&hyperemic
changes
 Histopathology:
inflammatory
cells
After death
 No fibrin
 No neutrophils
& inflammatory
cells

6. Hb imbibition
 Blood clot normally present at the right side of the heart (because of thin
vasculature)
 Right side clot's degeneration -> Hb ooze out -> stain; so called Hb
imbibition.
 If long duration, after death: non pathological clot at left side of heart >
when degenerate > Hb oozes out > decent to the left auricle then to the
left ventricle
If blood clot present at
let side : cardiac arrest
in animal
 Clots:
 Current jelly: dark red
 Chicken fat: white or pale
(due to fibrin and fat)

7. • Pseudo melanosis: greenish
discoloration
• Fe + H2S -> FeS {green
colored}
• Putrefaction
• Autolysis
• By studying stages of larva

8. Cause of death: wilingful injury & malicious poisoning
Wilingful injuries
Gun shot wounds:
 charring with gunmetal
particles
 entry= small& exit = large
(area*velocity= constant :-
velocity more area less)
 Histopathology:
inflammatory cells.
Traumatic injury:
 Fractures, abrasions,
lacerated wounds
 Accident
 Tagging of ear before
death(fibrosis) or after death
 slaughter
Drowning:
 If live and drowned: inflammatory
reaction, froth in trachea &greenish
appearance with water & algae lead
to edema in lungs & water along with
planktons in rumen/stomach
 If dead and then drowned: water
restricted up to trachea.

9. Electrocution:
 Charring marks
 Hemopericardium (due to
permeability)
 Swollen or ruptured joints
 Ventricular fibrillation
 Hemorrhages
 Electricity drain whole blood
so whitish muscle
Asphyxia:
 Fire- smoke enter
trachea-> froth &
carbon deposition
 strangulation

10. • Malicious poisoning:
• Rodenticides- warfarin (anti vitamin K)
• Pesticides
• Cyanide
• STRYCHNINE