1. Verbal and Non-Verbal
Communication
Types of Non-Verbal
Communication

2. Physical Appearance
• Physical Attraction
– Attraction to others based on appearance is referred
to as physical attraction
• Examples- weight, bone structure, stylishness and grooming
• Clothing
– People notice the clothing that you are wearing and
base judgment's off of your appearance
• Artifacts
– Personal object we use to convey our identity, also
known as accessories

3. Voice
• Vocalic
– Nonverbal aspects of our voice
• Pitch
– How high or low a speakers voice is
• Rate
– How fast the person speaks
– Volume
• Volume
– How loudly the person speaks
– Expectations are that your vocalic’s should be adapted
based on the situation

4. Body Movement, Posture and
Gestures
• Emblems
– Gesture that has a direct verbal translation and may
substitute for a word or phrase
• Time-out sign or quite sign
• Illustrators
– Accompany verbal messages while illustrating or
complementing your verbal message
• Regulators
– Nonverbal cue that helps control the interaction and
flow of communication between people

5. Facial Expression and Eye Contact
• Emotions can be easily seen on face and eyes
• Facial expressions our quickly learned how to
control by people
– Some jobs require employees to control facial
expression’s at all times
• Facial expressions and amount of eye contact
can directly effect how others perceive you

6. Space
• Intimate space
– Zone extending 0 to 1 ½ feet from someone
• Personal space
– Zone that extends from 1 ½ to 4 feet from a person
• Social space
– Zone that ranges from 4 feet to 12 feet
• Public space
– Public space begins at 12 feet
• Respecting others’ personal space when
communicating at work is crucial

7. Time
• Chronemics
– Study of how people use and structure time
– Research shows that co-workers pay attention to how
much time you spend on the job
• Arriving on time sends a message that you our
more knowledgeable, composed and friendly
than late or early arrivers
• Leaving before your boss can send a message that
you our not dedicated to work therefor you may
be passed up for promotions

8. Touch
• Haptics
– Study of how we communicate through touch
• Touch avoidant
– Tendency to avoid touch in interpersonal interactions
• High-contact cultures
– Culture in which touching is seen as commonplace
and appropriate
• Low-contact cultures
– Culture in which touching is uncommon

9. Physical Enviroment
• Status
– Individuals importance and prestige
• Gatekeeper
– Person who controls the flow of communication
within an organization
• Cube
– Small, modular office unit with no door and no
floor-to-ceiling walls

10. Discussion Questions
1. Why is it good to have a strong
understanding of nonverbal communication
forms?
2. How can improving nonverbal
communication forms enhance your
opportunity for job advancement?