THIS IS SUITABLE FOR EVERY COMMERCE STUDENT

1. Presentation
Subject:
Business Communication &
Report Writing
PUGC GRW

2. Presentation Topic:

3. Nonverbal Communication

4. Paradise Group

5. Group Members
• AFTAB RAFIQUE (Group Leader)
BC.12125
• Rizwan Ahmed BC.12133
• Ehtesham Tariq BC.12145
• Hafiz Waleed BC.12130
• Umer Farooq BC.12163

6. Group Members
• Ijaz-ul-haq BC.12151
• Zeshan Ali BC.12129
• Zeshan Sandhu BC.12124
• M HAMID BC.12170
• Umer Farooq BC.12140

7. Nonverbal Communication
“The World Beyond Words”

8. What is Nonverbal
Communication?
• Nonverbal Communication =
Communication without words
• Nonverbal communication is a process
of communication through sending and
receiving wordless messages.

9. • Before moving forward, let’s keep in
your mind that verbal communication
and nonverbal communication are
interconnected and they operate
together in communication
Verbal Communication
&
Nonverbal communication

10. Difference between verbal
&
Nonverbal communication
• Verbal and non verbal are all types of
communication. But the difference
between them is that we use our voice
in verbal communication and we use
body signs in non-verbal
communication.

11. Power of Nonverbal
Communication
• Verbal & nonverbal Communication plays
an important role in how people interact
with one another. People are using around
35% verbal communication and 65%
nonverbal communication in daily life.
Nonverbal communication has also cultural
meaning.

12. Power of Nonverbal
Communication
•“The most important thing in
communication is to hear what
isn't being said.”
• Peter F. Drucker

13. Power of Nonverbal
Communication
• Nonverbal communication is the most
powerful form of communication. More
than voice or even words, nonverbal
communication helps to create your image
in others mind and even you can express
your emotions and feelings in front of
others, which you are unable to express in
words.

14. Power of Nonverbal
Communication
Good communication is the foundation
of successful relationships, both
personally and professionally. But we
communicate with much more than
words. In fact, research shows that the
majority of our communication is
nonverbal

15. Importance of Nonverbal
Communication
• Non-verbal communication consists of all
the messages other than words that are used
in communication. In oral communication,
these symbolic messages are transferred by
means of intonation, tone of voice, vocally
produced noises, body posture, body
gestures, facial expressions or pauses

16. Importance of Nonverbal
Communication
• Nonverbal messages often contradict the
verbal. Often they express feelings more
accurately than the spoken or written
language. Nonverbal is a type of
communicaton which does not involve
words. Communication through visual
things is called Nonverbal communication.

17. Importance of Nonverbal
Communication
The ability to understand and use nonverbal
communication is a powerful tool that will
help you connect with others, express what
you really mean, navigate challenging
situations, and build better relationships at
home and work.

18. Importance of Nonverbal
Communication
• When individuals speak, they normally do
not confine themselves to the mere emission
of words. A great deal of meaning is
conveyed by non-verbal means which
always accompany oral discourse –
intended or not. In other words, a spoken
message is always sent on two levels
simultaneously, verbal and non-verbal.

19. Importance of Nonverbal
Communication
• . In daily conversations it often happens that
we do not understand what the other person
wants to say. Thus we ask questions such as
“What do you mean by this” so that the
speaker clarifies his message.

20. Importance of Nonverbal
Communication
• Nonverbal communication is the single
most powerful form of communication.
More than voice or even words, nonverbal
communication cues you in to what is on
another person’s mind. The best
communicators are sensitive to the power of
the emotions and thoughts communicated
nonverbally.

21. Importance of Nonverbal
Communication
• Nonverbal communication ranges from
facial expression to body language.
Gestures, signs, and use of space are also
important in nonverbal communication.
Multicultural differences in body language,
facial expression, use of space, and
especially, gestures, are enormous and
enormously open to misinterpretation.

22. Types of Nonverbal
Communication

23. Types of Nonverbal
Communication
• Appearance
• Body Language
• Silence, Time & Space

24. Appearance
• Personal Appearance
• Appearance of Surrounding

25. What is Appearance
• Appearance conveys Nonverbal
Impressions that effect receivers attitudes
towards the verbal message even before
they read or hear them.
• “Murphy”

26. Physical Appearance
• “Beauty is in the eye of the beholder”
• We tend to notice obvious things first (gender,
race), then note attractiveness
• Physically attractive people generally are
perceived better
• Importance placed on physical appearance can be
very damaging
• It’s what we do with it that’s most important

27. Effect on Oral Communication
• Personal Appearance:
• In the oral form of communication, personal
appearance includes your dressing, your
hair style. You should be dressed properly
and your hair should be combed properly
because it reflect your personality. Your
way of talking should be very impressive.

28. Personal Appearance
• Clothing, Jewelry are also very important
because they convey impressions regarding
your occupation, personality, your age,
culture and religion.
• Personal appearance is an often disregarded
part of communication and presentation
skills.

29. Personal Appearance
• When you are speaking in public you may
be representing your organisation or just
yourself, but it is still you in the front line
• It is you that the other person, group or
audience sees and before you have time to
open your mouth and give an account of
yourself, certain assumptions, both
consciously and subconsciously, have been
made.

30. Personal Appearance
• “First impressions are very important.
they can be about attitude as well as
dress”.

31. Effect on Oral Communication
• Appearance of Surrounding:
• It includes room size, location, room
decoration according to your choice
and religion, carpeted floors or tiled
floors, your way of designing. Your
house decoration shows your choice
because this is the room from which-

32. Appearance of Surrounding
• You communicate orally.

33. Environment
• Communicates something about you
– We surround ourselves with things that are
important/meaningful to us
– Use artifacts to define our territory
• Can influence interactions
• How people use an environment
communicates something about them

34. Effect on Written Messages
• Appearance:
• In written messages you should be very
careful about your writing. There should be
neatness in your writing. The format of the
message should be correct. The message
should contain the important words which
you want to convey.

35. Effect on Written Messages
• Appearance:
• The message should not contain the
unnecessary repetition or irrelevant data.
The language of the message should be
understandable. The spelling of the words
should be correct. Punctuation and
Grammar should also be very correct and
the message should be very straight to the
point.

36. Nonverbal Communication
• Body Language

37. Body Language
• Awareness of your body language, of how
you behave under pressure, what signals
you are unconsciously giving, how nerves
and stress affect you physically, can help
you understand how you 'come across' to
others. It can also explain how the wrong
impression is sometimes given and how
confusion can occur.

38. Body Language
• Understanding body language is one of the
most important aspects of personal
presentation. The image conveyed by the
physical self should support and enhance
what is being communicated verbally. If
the visual image differs widely from the
spoken message, it is often the non-verbal
account that is believed.

39. Body Language
Positive Body Language
Negative Body Language

40. Positive Body Language
• Positive body language includes:
• Maintaining eye contact with the person to
whom you are speaking.
• Smiling (if appropriate) but especially as a
greeting and when parting.
• Sitting squarely on a chair, leaning slightly
forward (this indicates you are paying
attention).

41. Positive Body Language
• Nodding in
agreement.
• A firm handshake.
• Presenting a calm
exterior.
• Looking interested

42. Negative Body Language
• Negative body language includes:
• Not looking at a person when speaking.
• Tapping a foot, fingers etc.
• Rocking backwards and forwards.
• Scratching.
• Continually clearing your throat

43. Negative Body Language
• Fiddling with hair, ear lobes, jewellery,
jacket, glasses, etc.
• Picking at fingers or finger nails.
• Yawning.
• Repeatedly looking at your watch or a clock
in the room.
• Standing too close to others.
• Inattention to a person speaking

44. Nonverbal Communication

45. Body Language
• Facial
Expressions
• Eye Contact
• Gestures
• Postures
• Movement
• Smell & Touch
• Voice & Sound

46. Facial Expressions

47. Facial Expressions
• Eyes and Face plays an important role in
this regard. They play an important role in
conveying nonverbal messages. Because
whenever you are sad you have tears in
your eyes and your sadness is reflected by
your eyes. Same as when you are happy
you have shine in your Eyes. Anger can
also be seen in your eyes. Your anger, your
fear,

48. Little can be done
to alter your face
but a lot can be
done about the
expression that is
on it.
“Facial
Expressions”

49. Facial Expressions
• Visual impact is at least as important as
verbal impact, people will very quickly
make assumptions based on your facial
expressions, the clothes you wear, how well
groomed you are and your body language.

50. Facial Expressions
However the day started and whatever
minor crisis has occurred along the way,
people have not come to meet you with a dark
expression on your face.

51. • Over 1000 distinct facial expressions
• Eyes can be especially expressive
– “Windows to the soul”
• Men and women have been found to be
equally expressive
– Men show the most emotion in the lower left
quadrant of their face
– Women show emotion over their whole face
Face and Eyes

52. Face and Eyes

53. Body Language
• Eye Contact

55. Eye Contact
• Since the visual sense is dominant for most
people, eye contact is an especially
important type of nonverbal
communication. The way you look at
someone can communicate many things,
including interest, affection, hostility, or
attraction. Eye contact is also important in
maintaining the flow of conversation and
for gauging the other person’s response.

56. Eye Contact
• Eye movement is a key part of facial
behaviour because the eyes are invariably
involved in facial displays. The different
forms are observed to be cross-cultural. The
frequency of eye contact may suggest either
interest or boredom or may even betray
dishonesty. The direct stare of the speaker
can show candour or openness.

57. Eye Contact
• Downward glances are generally associated
with modesty; eyes rolled upwards are
conveyed as a sign of fatigue. Researchers
have discovered that certain facial areas
reveal our emotional state better than
others. For example the eyes tend to show
happiness, sadness or even surprise

58. Soft Eye Contact

59. Eye Contact
• The lower face can also express happiness
or surprise; a smile, for instance, can
communicate friendliness or cooperation.
As for the lower face, brows and forehead
are known to reveal mostly anger.
• So it must be soft eye contact with others to
whom you are talking.

60. Eye Contact
• Eye-Contact Examples:
– In North-America: frankness,
assertiveness, honesty
– In many Asian and northern-European
countries: abrasive & disrespectful
– In Brazil: more intense eye-contact is the
norm

61. Gestures
• Hand Gestures

62. Gestures
• A body gesture is a movement made with a
limb, especially the hands, to express,
confirm, emphasize or back up the
speaker’s attitude or intention. This non-
verbal activity is regularly used in oral
discourse. If a body act requires no verbal
accompaniment, it is called an “emblem”.

63. Gestures
• Examples are: hand signals such as waving
good-bye, the “V” for victory sign or the
“high five” signalling victory.
• While some emblems, for example a
clenched fist, have universal meaning, there
are others that are idiosyncratic or culturally
conditioned. The use of the zero shape
made by the fingers, for instance, does not
mean the same thing in different cultures

64. Gestures
• Standing for “OK” in the UK, it may be a
vulgar expression in South American
cultures, sometimes embarrassingly so…
Body gestures are always perceived and
interpreted together with facial expressions.
• The gestures of individuals are part of their
personalities, a part of how they express
themselves.

65. Gestures
• Hand and arm
movements can add
emphasis, aid
explanation and
convey enthusiasm.
They only become a
negative signal when
repeated so often that
they become irritating
to the observer.

66. Gestures
• Listeners can become so side-tracked by
the sight of someone constantly playing
with his/her hair, tapping on the table with a
pen, etc., that they no longer listen to the
spoken word. Thus the negative signal has
broken down the chain of communication.

67. Postures
• Body posture is the bearing or the position
of the speaker’s body. It is a more or less
stable state and thus not to be confused with
body gestures which are movements. Body
posture can be characteristic and assumed
for a special purpose or it can correspond to
the normal expectations in the context of a
particular situation.

68. Postures
• Obviously one can be lying down, seating,
or standing. Normally, these are not the
elements of posture that convey messages.
However, when the speaker is slouched or
erect, his or her legs crossed or arms folded,
such postures convey a degree of formality
or relaxation. Once more, they can also
transfer symbolic messages on the orator’s
attitude or intention with regard to the
message.

69. Movement
• Body Movement also plays an important
role in conveying nonverbal messages.
Because action speaks more than the words.
Any one can speak many words but the true
person is the one who can act upon his
words said. Suppose you know two persons
who cannot hear and they cannot speak
also.

70. Movement
• They want to communicate with each other.
So how will they communicate with each
other? Is it possible for them to
communicate with out words?
• Yes! It is possible for them to communicate
with one another by the movement of their
body.

71. Movement
• They can communicate and convey their
message by the movement of their hands
and fingers. When you call someone by
your hand, finger or head movement the 2nd
person will immediately understand what
you are trying to say. Handshaking with
other person on his success reveal that you
are congratulating him.

72. Movement
• Another important example of Body
Movement in Nonverbal Communication is
Traffic Police. Traffic Police controls traffic
by the movement of their hands, head and
by the movement of their legs. They guides
the people driving on vehicles by their body
movement. They suggest people the right
way to go.

73. Movement
• In Cricket match Empire plays an important
role. He would have to focus on the game
because decision is in the hand of Empire
either it is vide ball, no ball, out, lbw, run
out, 4 or 6 score. So he convey his message
by his body movement. He informs the
audience with his decision by the movement
of his hand, finger and leg.

74. Smell and Touch
• Smell and Touch also plays an important
part in nonverbal communication. It plays
an important role during conveying
nonverbal messages. Various fragrances
sometimes conveys the emotions of the
sender and it sometimes reflects the
emotions of the receiver specially when the
receiver is very sensitive.

75. Smell and Touch
• Touching is also very important. For
example; When you will receive a kiss on
your cheek or on your forehead by your
Mother. It will show her love for you. Same
as when you receive a hug by your Sister. It
will show her care for you. Friends
company in bad time shows their true
friendship with you.

76. Smell and Touch
• The sense of smell is an important but
poorly understood factor in human
communication. It is hard to define smells
and to talk about them, but they can send
important chemical cues to those around us.
Interpretations of smells vary from culture
to culture and person to person.

77. Smell and Touch
• It is thought that smells can affect us at very
basic levels, such as moods, emotions, mate
selection, immune system health, endocrine
system responses and overall health.
• Smell is thought to be the sense that triggers
memories most effectively. Determining
which smells have positive ramifications for
most people can affect nonverbal
communication

78. Smell and Touch
• We communicate a great deal through
touch. Think about the messages given
by the following
• A soft touch
• A firm handshake
• A warm hug

79. Soft Touch

80. A Firm Handshake

81. A warm hug

82. Smell and Touch
• Touch:
• Touch can be of different type - caring,
friendly, supportive, encouraging,
suggestive, provocative, grabbing, offensive
or dominant.

83. Touch
• Touching is considered essential and
therapeutic
• Touching can influence liking and
compliance
• Is used to show intimacy or power/control
• People with high status touch others/invade
others’ spaces more than people with lower
status

84. Voice and Sound
• Your voice and extra sound which you
make while speaking are also a part of
nonverbal communication. Your voice
should be very clear while speaking
because when you will not speak carefully
and clearly then it will show a bad
impression on the receiver and the other
person will not be able to understand your
message.

85. Voice/Paralanguage
• Consists of vocal tone, speed, pitch, volume,
number and length of pauses, and disfluencies
(“um”s, “ah”s), etc.
• Paralanguage tends to be more powerful than
language
• Affects how other’s perceive us
– Stereotyping (e.g., accents, vocabulary, grammar
• Influenced by culture, gender, class (intentionally
or unintentionally)
An illustration…

86. Voice and Sound
• Throat clearing while speaking is not good.
It will leave a bad impression on the other
and shows that you are confused. When you
will speak very fast then it is also not good.
It will show that you are in hurry or you are
nervous.
• A soft and low voice always leaves a good
impression on the others (receivers).

87. Voice and Sound
• And a very loud voice is always fearful and
shows your rudeness and it will leave a bad
impression on the others. The voice should
not be very low that create problem for
receivers during listening. It must be
moderate & calm.

88. Nonverbal Communication
• Silence
• Time
• Space

89. Silence, Time and Space
• Silence:
• Lack of sound is known as silence. It is a
form of nonverbal communication as well
silence can communicate a lack of
understanding or even hard feelings in a
face to face discussion.

90. Silence
• Silence matters a lot!
• Consider how you feel when you make an
oral request that is met with silence or think
about the confusion you feel when your
written message generates no response.
Suppose you wrote a request to your boss
for additional funds. If you receive no
answer from your boss…..

91. Silence
• Then, how do you feel?
• Do you think that your boss is very busy at
the moment or Do you think that He did not
want to give any response.
• Silence matters a lot!

92. Silence
• Silence
is a kind of nonverbal communication,
It can indeed be a powerful message. It can
convey much
more information that language fails to do.
However, in different areas and different
cultures, people value silence differently.

93. Silence
• Generally speaking, eastern people use it
more frequently, understand it more easily,
and sometimes value it as being more
important. We can find many examples in
business negotiations, classrooms and in
daily life. This is mostly because of the
different histories and the culture-

94. Silence
• Can communicate contentment,
awkwardness, anger, respect,
thoughtfulness, empathy
• Can also be disconfirming

95. Time
• Time:
• Time is important in many ways. The more
important uses of time on the part of
Teacher is the use of the pause. Pausing
while presenting information usually
emphasis the content That has just preceded
or will immediately follow. Time is culture
specific.

96. Time
• How you feel when you have to wait for
interview for two hours.
• How do you feel when you have to wait for
an important message to come.
• Time also matters a lot and it counts a lot.
Long wait for something also leaves a bad
impression.
• “Time is Money”

97. Time
• The way a person treats time reveals
something about that person.
• A person who is consistently late may not
be well organized; the person who is kept
waiting may feel that he or she is not highly
regarded by the other person.

98. Time
• In the business world of most western
countries, a subordinate does not keep his
or her superior waiting (at least more than
two or three minutes); a "boss" may keep a
subordinate waiting a few minutes, but a
boss who is human relations oriented will
not take advantage of his or her superior
position.

99. Time
• In some cultures, time is of less importance,
but western business people tend to move
by the clock—a two o'clock appointment
usually means two o'clock or something
within five or ten minutes of it.
• In some cultures, a two o'clock appointment
may mean three o'clock; and if you arrive to
transact business at the "appointed" two
o'clock hour, you may actually offend the

100. Time/Chronemics
• Our use of time reflects:
– Power/status
– Cultural norms
– Expectations
– Interpersonal priorities

102. AFTAB RAFIQUE
BC 12170

103. Space
• Space:
• Space is a culture specific. Space between
two persons is also important. Going to
close relationship space is very sensible for
nonverbal communication.
• "Proxemics" is the term Hall has coined for
the interrelated observations and theories of
man's use of space as a specialized
elaboration of culture.

104. Space
• One use of space with which most of you
are familiar is someone's favourite chair.
• Frequently it is Dad who has a chair which
is his, and it is extremely dangerous for
anyone else to sit in it. The person who sits
in "Dad's chair" without asking permission
seems to be invading personal territory.

105. Space
• Another place where most of you have
observed special treatment of space is
in business offices. Office space is usually
allotted on the basis of a person's position in
the structure and on the organization chart.
This is such a common occurrence that it
receives special attention in office
management textbooks.

106. Space
• Intimate Distance (Distance: Touching to
11/2 feet)
This is the distance of lovemaking,
wrestling, comforting, and protecting;
• Personal Distance (Distance: 11/2 feet to 4
feet)-
This distance is reserved for more than just
a casual friend or fleeting encounter;
however, it is a no-contact distance.

107. Space/Proxemics
Personal Space
• Intimate distance
• Personal distance
• Social distance
• Public distance
Barrier behaviors and territory
You
are
here

108. Space
• Social Distance (Distance: 4 to 12 feet)
Impersonal business or casual conversations
can be carried on in this space.
• Public Distance (Distance: 12 to 25 feet, or
farther) -
A person at this distance is outside the
circle of involvement. This is the distance
reserved for public speakers and/or public
officials or for anyone on public occasions.

109. Space
Some Examples…
• Space
– Americans tend to value more personal
space than many other cultures
– Men tend to value more personal space
than women

110. Some Guidelines for Improving
Nonverbal Communication

111. • Monitor Your Nonverbal Communication
• Be Tentative When Interpreting Others’
Nonverbal Communication
– Nonverbals are personal and ambiguous
– Personal Qualifications:
• Take responsibility for your interpretations
• Use “I” language to check your perceptions of nonverbals
– Contextual Qualifications:
• Be aware of how the context might be influencing others’
nonverbals
• Be aware of how different cultural norms might influence
others’ nonverbals
• Be careful not to jump to conclusions based on your own
cultural norms