brief study of vehicular emission

1. VEHICULAR EMISSIONS, IT’S EFFECTS &
REMEDIES
Under the guidance of
Ms. Chhavi Solanki
Astt. Professor
Submitted by
Anshu Kumar (1/14/FET/BCI/2/071)
Muzaffar Rashid (1/14/FET/BCI/2/074)
Asif Ali Khan (1/14/FET/BCI/2/076)
Ritesh Sankhyan (1/14/FET/BCI/2/090)

2. INTRODUCTION
 Vehicular emissions are the
gases released through a
vehicle's exhaust system. CO,
HC and SOx along with NOx
and PM are all harmful
vehicle emissions that spew
out of the exhaust gases of an
internal combustion engine.
 70% of the total air pollution
is caused by vehicles
(including emission along
with road dust).

3.  Transportation involves the combustion of fossil fuels to
produce energy translated into motion.
 Pollution is created from incomplete combustion of fuel,
unburned hydrocarbons or other elements present in the fuel or
air during combustion.

4. OBJECTIVES
 To analyze the emission from the vehicles in
National Capital Territory (Delhi) .
 To analyze the effects caused due to Vehicular
pollution and its remedies.

5. LITERATURE REVIEW
We have studied number of research papers in which we have selected one of
them.
Goyal et al. Springer plus 2013;
 The vehicular traffic is now recognized as one of the main sources of air
pollution in Delhi (about 70%) and has noticeable impact on air quality.
 The estimated emissions of (CO), (NOx) and (PM) due to different types of
vehicles in the year 2008–09 are found to be 509, 194 and 15 tons/day
respectively.
International journal of advanced research in management and social science;
 Delhi had 6 lakh vehicles in 1982 that became 20 lakh in 1992, 35 lakh in 2001,
60 lakh in 2009 and 90 lakh in 2016.
 The present study has interesting findings that pollutants like CO, HC, NOx and
PM have decreased in 2009. In 2002 CO emission is 421.84 tons per day but it
decreased in 2009, to 264.55 tons per day, and same trend is found in emission
of HC, NOx and PM.

6. SCOPE
 The number of vehicles in Delhi have increased drastically
over the last decade which has worsened the air quality
of Delhi.
 This has made Delhi in the list of top 5 polluted city of the
world.
 The concentration of harmful gases in air have crossed the
maximum permissible limit which is effecting the
human health as well as plants and animals.
Thus there is a need to find the solution of this problem.

8. STUDY AREA : DELHI

9. STUDY AREA LOCATION

10. Traffic Volume Study
 Traffic volume studies are conducted to determine the
volume of traffic moving on the roads and classification of
roadway vehicles at a particular section during a particular
time.
 Volume of a day or an hour can vary greatly, depending on
the different day of the week or different time period of the
day.
 Traffic volume survey is the determination of the number,
movement and classification of the roadway vehicles at a
given location.

11. VEHICLE-WISE ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND
PROJECTIONS (2010-2030)

12. FUEL CONSUMPTION IN DELHI
Source: Times of India, 17 Dec 2014

13. EMISSION STANDADRS FOR TWO AND
THREE WHEELER VEHICLES

15. EMISSION NORMS FOR HEAVY DIESEL VEHICLES

16. AIR QUALITY IN DELHI

17. EMISSIONS FROM DIFFERENT FIELDS

18.  These pollutants causes many chronic diseases in Humans
like respiratory problems, cancer, skin problems and
cardiovascular diseases.
 This also effects plants as their leaves are withered away
because of acid rain, PM covers their stomatal openings due
to which their process of photosynthesis fails.
 Hydrocarbons (HCs) are made up of unburned or partially
burned fuel, and are a major contributor to urban smog, as well
as being toxic.
 The main risk for buildings and monuments due to vehicular
emission causing the soiling of exposed part by deposition of
black carbonaceous particles.
EFFECTS OF VEHICULAR EMISSION

19. EFFECTS OF VEHICULAR EMISSION-1. ENVIRONMENT

20. EFFECTS OF VEHICULAR EMISSION-2 . HUMANS

21. POSSIBLE REMEDIES
 To raise awareness about the effects due to vehicular emission.
 To encourage people to do more car pooling going on the same
route.
 To make it mandatory for every organization to provide mass
transport facilities like buses for their staff.
 Zero-emission vehicle technologies can be used in passenger cars,
trucks and transit buses.
 Development of new equipments like catalytic converter should
be made to reduce emission.
 With the introduction of BS VI (Bharat Stage VI) fuel norm and
using of electric and hybrid vehicles, the vehicular emission is to
decline by up to 51 percent according to the IIT Kanpur study from
2013-2015.
 Strict ban on 10 year old diesel vehicles.

26. THANKYOU