it tells about all the 4 industrial revolutions till date with the impact on people and much more. and fore and against of industrialization.

1. Various stages of industrialization
topics covered
1) Various stages of industrialization
2) Impact of it on economy
3) Impact of it on country
4) Impact of it on people
5) Fors and against of industrialization

2. Various stages of industrial
revolution

3. What is
industrialisation?

4. 1st Industrial
Revolution
The First Industrial Revolution began in the
18th century through the use of steam
power and mechanisation of production. What
before produced threads on simple spinning
wheels, the mechanised version achieved eight
times the volume in the same time. Steam
power was already known. The use of it
for industrial purposes was the greatest
breakthrough for increasing human productivity.
Instead of weaving looms powered by
muscle, steam-engines could be used
for power.

5. 2nd Industrial
Revolution
he Second Industrial Revolution began in the
19th century through the discovery
of electricity and assembly line
production. Henry Ford (1863-1947) took the
idea of mass production from a slaughterhouse
in Chicago: The pigs hung from conveyor belts
and each butcher performed only a part of the
task of butchering the animal. Henry Ford
carried over these principles into automobile
production and drastically altered it in the
process.

6. 3rd Industrial
Revolution
The Third Industrial Revolution began in the ’70s in the
20th century through partial automation using memory-
programmable controls and computers. Since the
introduction of these technologies, we are now able
to automate an entire production process - without
human assistance. Known examples of this
are robots that perform programmed sequences without
human intervention.

7. 4th Industrial
Revolution
We are currently implementing the Fourth Industrial
Revolution. This is characterised by the application
of information and communication
technologies to industry and is also known as "Industry
4.0". It builds on the developments of the Third
Industrial Revolution. Production systems that already
have computer technology are expanded by a network
connection and have a digital twin on the Internet so to
speak. These allow communication with other facilities
and the output of information about themselves. This is
the next step in production automation.
The networking of all systems leads to "cyber-physical
production systems" and therefore smart factories, in
which production
systems, components and people communicate via
a network and production is nearly autonomous.

8. Submitted by- Atharva Agnihotri
Submitted to-Mrs. Neha Sachan and Mrs. Neha Sinha
Name-Atharva Agnihotri

9. Impact of Industrialization in Indian
economy.
 Industrialization has brought economic prosperity; it has resulted in more
population, urbanization, obvious stress on the basic life supporting systems
while pushing the environmental impacts closer to the threshold limits of
tolerance. With booming industrial growth and relatively low land mass,
environmental sustainability is now becoming a significant deciding factor in
industrial development process. Accumulating evidences constantly indicate
that the transition of the existing industries into eco-industrial network through
successful implementation of green approaches provides a viable solution to
preserve the natural resources of the region while concurrently enhances the
regional economy on a sustainable basis.

10. Impact of Industrialization in Indian
economy.
 It calls for an appropriate planning and integrated framework in harmony with
the environment, after careful assessment of past and prevailing conditions.
The empirical knowledge on affected area helps understanding the local
context and developing further course of action based on ground realities. With
this aim, a study was conducted on the current industrial pollution and
environmental setting of Puducherry. A causal chain analysis indicated severe
impacts of industrialization on local environment while highlighting its immediate
and root causes. The findings form a base for suggesting sustainable solutions
to curb rampant pollution in Puducherry region and similar scenarios found
across the world.

11. Various stages of industrialization
1) Impact on country
The Industrial Revolution caused an everlasting impact on society and the
living standards that we are familiar with today. It would be challenging to find
many aspects of life that were not altered by the first industrialization period on
the economy, production, and people.
Employment opportunities and wages increased across various sectors. Factories began
to be a more appealing job, given the potential increase in income and benefits. It also
increased the demand for housing in cities, subsequently improving the overall city layout,
planning, and education systems. Due to increased education and the need for more
advanced technologies, new inventions skyrocketed. Such a mindset ultimately continued
to accelerate the revolution and all of its beneficiaries.

13. Gross domestic product per capita began to grow with the industrial revolution, alongside
the development of the modern capitalist economy. It was the beginning of consistent GDP
growth for the next century. Countries that capitalized on industrialization started to rely
less on imports and became more self-sufficient.
However, there were also some downsides to the industrial revolution. As a result of the
extremely rapid changes in production, cities and governments saw new problems arise.
Inner-city pollution saw an abrupt rise from factories and increased population as more
workers moved to the cities. Living conditions in some places plummeted; sewage and
waste flooded the streets and rivers.

14. Additionally, working conditions in factories decreased as companies tried to
cut costs and become more profitable to stay ahead of their competitors. Child
labor and employee health issues arose. The governments ended up
implementing labor, pollution, and other regulations to ensure the safety of its
people and the economy.

15. Impact Of Industrialization on People.
• The Industrial Revolution created a great deal of change in
society.
• One major change was the shift from work being done at
home by hand in cottage industries to work being done in
factories
• It brought rapid urbanization or the movement of people to
cities. Workers were forced leave their families and migrate to
urban areas in search of jobs..

16. •There were harsh and
unsafe working conditions,
low wages, child labour,
pollution, etc in these early
factories. As a result, this
led to horrible working conditions for the
people. Also, the machines used posed a
significant threat to workers’ lives.

17. Owners of mines and
factories had considerable
control over the lives of
labourers who worked
long hours for low pay.
Fearful of losing their
jobs, workers would
typically not complain about
the horrible conditions and low pay.

18. • As a result, the working class lived in poverty,
while the bosses who made up the middle
class grew wealthy. Labour Unions and
Reforms During the 1800s, working people
began to demand reforms. Unions engage in
collective bargaining as well as negotiations
between workers and their employers.
• Unions would ask for better working
conditions, fewer hours, and higher pay. One
of the greatest tools of labour unions was
worker-organized strikes, refusing to work if
demands were not met.

19. FORS AND
AGAINSTS
OF INDUSTRIALIZATION

20. • Although new methods and machinery simplified work
and increased output, industrialization introduced new
problems as well. Some of the drawbacks included air
and water pollution and soil contamination that resulted
in a significant deterioration of quality of life and life
expectancy. Industrialization also exacerbated the
separation of labor and capital. Those who owned the
means of production became disproportionately rich,
resulting in wider income inequality. Industrialization
impacted society in other ways.

21. MERITS:
Industrialization created more jobs for the global
economy.
New manufacturing equipment required additional
employment opportunities in each community. Factories
needed new workers on the floor working to produce goods.
Each new invention or best practice that came about
because of industrialization led to more jobs for the global
economy. It created structures where the average person
could earn a decent living while having more time with their
family, even if the conditions were sometimes unsafe or
unsanitary.

22. MERITS:
Industrialization improved our medical care.
The technological advances that led to our modern approach
to medicine came about because of industrialization. Instead
of having regionally-based care, the improvements to
communication networks allowed researchers to share their
findings in real-time with their colleagues. This process led to
the development of new best practices, eventually leading to
improved patient doctors, nurses, and caregivers.

23. MERITS:
Industrialization brought us the current import-
export market.
Businesses use the concepts formed from industrialization to
have a more abundant supply available for particular goods
and services. When domestic demands were not enough to
help optimize production levels, multinational firms began
forming. Countries could expand their import and export
markets for the goods getting made. People all over the world
started to see that the balance of trade was shifting to the
producer, increasing the wealth of businesses, and adding tax
revenues to society

24. DRAWBACKS:
The working conditions declined during
industrialiation.
Industrialization brought people more money and better
access to goods and services, but it also increased the
amount of risk that people faced. Employees were expected
to put in long shifts, often working 12-hour days with only
Sunday off to spend time with their families. If you were sick
or got injured, then you’d probably get fired. There weren’t
any regulations in place to protect employees, so many
people worked with equipment that didn’t have safety
features.

25. DRAWBACKS:
Child labor was an essential component of
industrialization.
Many factories hired kids to work in unsafe conditions,
preferring them because they’d work for lower wages than
adults. Children were expected to work the same 12-hour
days that adults put in while on the job, reducing their
opportunities for schooling. It was not unusual for families to
lose multiple children in these early factories. Those
regulations came about because of society’s experience with
this issue during the first days of industrialization.

26. DRAWBACKS:
It created the foundation for global warming and
climate change.
The carbon levels before the 19th century were under 300
parts per million. After industrialization, CO2 rates rose to 400
parts per million. Oceans have a more acidic pH level. We
have plastics pollution everywhere, with microplastics
entering the human food chain because animals consume
these small items. Unless action gets taken to curb this issue,
we will one day reach a tipping point where a recovery might
not be possible.