The document provides an overview of various types of valves used in fluid systems, detailing their functions, advantages, and disadvantages. Key categories include linear motion valves such as globe and diaphragm valves, and rotary motion valves such as ball and butterfly valves, each with distinct characteristics suitable for specific applications. Additionally, it discusses specialized valves like check, relief, and foot valves, emphasizing their roles in controlling fluid flow and pressure in industrial contexts.

1. Under the shadow
of Industrial
Training
Program by Batch
2017, Chemical
Department.

2. Valve:
Any Device for closing
or modifying the
passage through a pipe,
outlet, inlet or likely to
stop, allow or control
the flow of a media.

3. VALVES
FUNCTION
➢ Starting and stopping flow
(On-Off Service),
➢Regulating flow volume
known as throttling,
➢Preventing reverse flow of
fluids (backflow),
➢Changing direction,
➢Control the fluid pressure,
➢Relieving component or
piping over pressure.

4. TYPES OF
VALVES acc. to
usage

5. Classification
of Valves Based on mechanical motion:
•Linear Motion Valves.
The valves in which the closure member, in a straight line to allow, stop, or
throttle the flow.
•Rotary Motion Valves.
When the valve-closure member travels along an angular or circular path.
•Quarter Turn Valves.
Some rotary motion valves require approximately a quarter turn, 0
through 90.

7. Globe Valves
A globe valve is a
linear motion valve
used to stop, start, and
regulate fluid flow.
The three primary
body designs for globe
valves are Z-body, Y-
body, and Angle.

8. Globe Valves
Advantages
o Recommended for throttling applications.
o Good for frequent operation.
o Easy to repair.
Disadvantages
o Flow path causes a significant
pressure drop.
o Globe valves are more costly
than alternative valves.

9. Gate Valves
Flow is controlled by
raising or lowering the
valving element.
➢It is not use to regulate
flow because the
valving element can be
damaged when in the
partially open position.
➢75% of all valves in
process industries are
gate valves.

10. Gate Valves
Advantages
- Gate valves opens or closes
slowly, which prevents fluid
hammer and subsequent
damage to the piping system.
-Good choice for on-off
service.
-Full flow, low pressure drop.
Disadvantages
- It is not suitable for
throttling applications.
- It is prone to vibration in the
partially open state.
- Repairing are generally more
difficult.

11. Knifegate Valves
❑Often just called gate
valves, these are used
as isolation valves.
❑The principle is
simply a knife or gate
which is dropped in
front of the flow.

12. Ball Valves
A ball valve is a
rotational motion
valve that uses a ball-
shaped disk to stop
or start fluid flow.

13. Ball Valves Advantages
- Maintains and regulates high volume, high pressure, and high
temp flow.
- Low purchase and maintenance costs.
- No lubrication requirements.
- Give tight sealing with low torque.
- Time of valve operation is minimized.
- Can be used for throttling service.
- Can handle fluids with suspended solids.
Disadvantages
- Have relatively poor throttling
characteristics.
- Difficult to clean.

14. Butterfly
Valves
Butterfly valves are
rotary motion valve
that is used to stop,
regulate, and start
fluid flow.

15. Butterfly
Valves
Advantages
◦ Compact, lightweight design.
◦ The maintenance costs are usually low.
◦ Pressure drop across a butterfly valve is small.
◦ Used with chemical or corrosive media.
Disadvantages
◦ Difficult to clean
◦ Throttling limited to low
differential pressure.
◦ Potential for cavitations and choke.
◦ Unguided disc movement is
affected by flow turbulence.

16. Diaphragm
Valves
A diaphragm valve is a
linear motion valve
that is used to start,
regulate, and stop fluid
flow.
The name is derived
from its flexible disk.

17. Diaphragm
Valves Advantages
- Valve components can be isolated from the process fluid.
- Valve construction prevents leakage of the fluid without
the use of a gland seal (packing).
Disadvantages
- The diaphragm becomes worn more easily and regular
maintenance is necessary.
- These types of valves are generally not suited for very high
temperature fluids and are mainly used on liquid systems.

18. Pinch Valve
It is a linear motion
valve that is used to
start, regulate, and
stop fluid flow.
It uses a rubber tube
(pinch tube) to
control the fluid.

19. Pinch Valve
Advantages
 Use for handling of slurries, liquids with large amounts of
suspended solids.
 The flow passage is straight without any crevice.
 There are no internal moving parts in contact with the fluid.
 Low maintenance due to wear or pressure.
Disadvantages
 Cannot be used in high temperature/ pressure applications.
 Cannot be used with gas media.

20. Plug valve
A plug valve is a rotational motion valve.
Applications
● Gas and liquid fuel ,Water.
● Extreme temperature flow
● Boiler feed water.
● Low Pressure Steam.
● Corrosive Liquids and Gases

21. Check Valves
 Check valves are designed to prevent
the reversal of flow in a piping system.
 The pressure of the fluid passing
through the system opens the valve,
while any reversal of flow (back
pressure) will close the valve.

22. RELIEF VALVES
❖When pressure of fluid exceeds
a predetermined limit, the
valve operates automatically
and open.
❖These are also known as the
automatic cut-off valves or
safety valves.
❖The relief valves are located at
every point along the water
pipe where pressure is likely to
be maximum.

23. FLAP VALVES
A protective device
installed in a drainage
system to guard
against the effect of
back flooding caused
by surcharge.

24. FOOT VALVE
Foot valves are a type of
check valve. Unlike
other valves, a foot
valve is created with a
larger flow area.