This document provides instructions for using Google Forms to create a survey or questionnaire. It outlines the basic steps of typing a title, choosing a theme, adding new questions which can be multiple choice or text response, and then viewing the live form to collect responses. The form can also store responses in a database.
This document discusses database systems and normal forms, referencing examples from the textbook "Fundamentals of Database Systems" by R. Elmasri and S. B. Navathe. It covers topics related to database systems, including normal forms, functional dependencies, and transitive dependencies based on examples and explanations from the referenced textbook.
This document discusses thematic research collections (TRCs) and their role in creating new forms of scholarly writing. It provides examples of early TRCs like the Rossetti Archive and Blake Archive. While these collections consolidated content thematically, they were still organized like traditional libraries and did not fully achieve "contextual mass" by connecting different parts to support scholarly analysis. The document argues TRCs need to go beyond just searching and displaying items to truly support scholarly primitives like annotating, comparing, and illustrating. Overall, it analyzes how TRCs are beginning to replace books and libraries as the "laboratory of the humanities" but still have room for more networked organization that brings together different evidence types.
This document summarizes a lecture about hypertext and history. It discusses how texts have been modeled digitally and as individual versus networked units. Histories are described as stories that can be told from different perspectives like the Great Man theory or Historical Materialism. The document analyzes Ayers' book "The Promise of the New South" and database project "The Valley of the Shadow" in terms of open versus fixed narratives. It also evaluates the project "The Differences Slavery Made" which was an experimental digital format created in response to criticisms of "The Valley of the Shadow."
The document discusses the evolution of hypertext from early concepts to modern implementations. It begins by summarizing Borges' allegory of the Library of Babel, which envisions a library containing all possible combinations of text. It then examines several pioneering thinkers' proposals for non-linear, associative information systems, including Bush's memex, Nelson's concept of hypertext, and Berners-Lee's invention of the World Wide Web. Finally, it observes how these systems sought to model the associative nature of human thought and overcome the limitations of hierarchical organization and linear text.
This document provides instructions for an assignment on implementing hypertext markup in an HTML document. It outlines four exercises: 1) Create an HTML page, 2) Markup topics in the page with SPAN tags, 3) Add a hyperlink to another student's page, and 4) Insert an image related to one of the marked-up topics. The goal is to use POSH (a knowledge representation language) to capture information, CSS for styling, and hypertext elements like anchors and images. Students will work in groups to complete the tasks and gain experience with basic hypertext concepts.
This document discusses semantic HTML and CSS. It provides examples of using semantic HTML elements like <div> and <span> with class and ID attributes to structure a document. It then explains how to apply CSS styles using selectors to target these elements and control things like font styles. Exercises are given to add semantic markup and CSS styles to sample texts.
This document provides instructions for using Google Forms to create a survey or questionnaire. It outlines the basic steps of typing a title, choosing a theme, adding new questions which can be multiple choice or text response, and then viewing the live form to collect responses. The form can also store responses in a database.
This document discusses database systems and normal forms, referencing examples from the textbook "Fundamentals of Database Systems" by R. Elmasri and S. B. Navathe. It covers topics related to database systems, including normal forms, functional dependencies, and transitive dependencies based on examples and explanations from the referenced textbook.
This document discusses thematic research collections (TRCs) and their role in creating new forms of scholarly writing. It provides examples of early TRCs like the Rossetti Archive and Blake Archive. While these collections consolidated content thematically, they were still organized like traditional libraries and did not fully achieve "contextual mass" by connecting different parts to support scholarly analysis. The document argues TRCs need to go beyond just searching and displaying items to truly support scholarly primitives like annotating, comparing, and illustrating. Overall, it analyzes how TRCs are beginning to replace books and libraries as the "laboratory of the humanities" but still have room for more networked organization that brings together different evidence types.
This document summarizes a lecture about hypertext and history. It discusses how texts have been modeled digitally and as individual versus networked units. Histories are described as stories that can be told from different perspectives like the Great Man theory or Historical Materialism. The document analyzes Ayers' book "The Promise of the New South" and database project "The Valley of the Shadow" in terms of open versus fixed narratives. It also evaluates the project "The Differences Slavery Made" which was an experimental digital format created in response to criticisms of "The Valley of the Shadow."
The document discusses the evolution of hypertext from early concepts to modern implementations. It begins by summarizing Borges' allegory of the Library of Babel, which envisions a library containing all possible combinations of text. It then examines several pioneering thinkers' proposals for non-linear, associative information systems, including Bush's memex, Nelson's concept of hypertext, and Berners-Lee's invention of the World Wide Web. Finally, it observes how these systems sought to model the associative nature of human thought and overcome the limitations of hierarchical organization and linear text.
This document provides instructions for an assignment on implementing hypertext markup in an HTML document. It outlines four exercises: 1) Create an HTML page, 2) Markup topics in the page with SPAN tags, 3) Add a hyperlink to another student's page, and 4) Insert an image related to one of the marked-up topics. The goal is to use POSH (a knowledge representation language) to capture information, CSS for styling, and hypertext elements like anchors and images. Students will work in groups to complete the tasks and gain experience with basic hypertext concepts.
This document discusses semantic HTML and CSS. It provides examples of using semantic HTML elements like <div> and <span> with class and ID attributes to structure a document. It then explains how to apply CSS styles using selectors to target these elements and control things like font styles. Exercises are given to add semantic markup and CSS styles to sample texts.
This document discusses text encoding and markup. It introduces XML and the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), which uses XML to encode scholarly documents. Key points include:
- XML allows users to define their own semantic markup languages and impose interpretive models on texts through schemas like TEI.
- TEI is the dominant language for encoding scholarly texts and primary sources. It allows scholars to select elements to match their areas of interest.
- XML and TEI view texts as ordered hierarchies of content objects (OHCO), representing them as trees. This has advantages like easy processing but also limitations regarding overlaps in logical and physical structure.
- Different representational tools like tables and trees can be used to reconcile textual
The document summarizes different approaches to analyzing textual structures through computational methods:
1. Levi-Strauss analyzed myths by chopping texts into relation units and rearranging them to uncover deeper paradigms.
2. Colby used a thesaurus program to parse words in texts into themes, revealing patterns that hinted at cultural structures.
3. Ramsay applied graph theory to analyze Shakespeare plays, representing scenes as nodes and transitions as edges to compare structural metrics across genres.
The document discusses how these methods uncover unconscious patterns rather than conscious meanings, and how texts can act as "delivery mechanisms" for cultural models.
This document contains notes from a class on HTML and digital media. It discusses assigning a reflective blog post, introducing concepts like Marshall McLuhan and Plato's Allegory of the Cave. Students break into groups to complete exercises on enhancing a text editor, creating directories and HTML pages, and adding text and styles to an empty HTML page about Aristotle's Poetics.
Plato's cave allegory depicts people chained in an underground cave, watching shadows on the cave wall from puppets manipulated by people behind them. For Plato, this represents ignorance and the limits of human perception without education. Aristotle later argued that all knowledge is based on imitation, defending poetry against Plato's view. Aristotle analyzed tragedy as the highest form of art, defining its key elements as plot, character, thought, diction, song, and spectacle. The plot must be complex, involve recognition and reversal, and arouse pity and fear to achieve catharsis. For both philosophers, education is about emerging from darkness into light by modeling the world through various media like poetry, art, and code.
This document contains notes from a class on digital literacy and the liberal arts. It discusses setting up a home directory and basic web development tools. The class will explore how digital technology transforms literacy and society. Students will work in pairs and groups to set up their home directories, install a text editor, view the source code of a basic web page, and modify the page title. They are instructed to reflect on the relationship between the directory, text editor, and web browser, and how the exercise relates to "world making". Readings from Plato's Republic and Aristotle's Poetics are assigned for the next class.
This document provides an introduction to a course on the digital liberal arts. It discusses the history of the liberal arts as stemming from the medieval trivium and quadrivium. It notes how the liberal arts curriculum has changed over time. The document asks students about their majors and explores how the digital represents information through binary code. It gives examples of how different media like music, art, and text can be represented digitally. The course will examine how reasoning and rhetoric change with new digital media and technologies. Students are assigned homework to set up course accounts and install software in preparation for the seminar.
MDST 3705 2012-03-05 Databases to VisualizationRafael Alvarado
This document discusses database visualization and transformation. It provides examples of different types of visualizations including image grids, network graphs, adjacency matrices, arcs and circles. It explains that raw data undergoes a series of transformations to data models, queries and arrays before being arranged visually. Different visualization techniques use space, location and other elements differently to reveal patterns in the data.
This document discusses how databases can be considered a symbolic form that shapes how we think. It argues that databases make the underlying paradigmatic structure or model of information more visible and mutable compared to traditional narrative forms where the paradigm is hidden. Examples are provided of how digital games and archives expose the database structure underlying them. The implications of this for digital humanities projects and understanding authors like Walt Whitman who may be well-suited to database form are also examined.
This document discusses how to model text data in a database. It explains that while XML is useful for representing logical structure, it does not capture complex relationships within text like figures of speech that crosscut the structure. Relational databases provide a better model as they can represent these network-like relationships. The document presents an example of a database that stored words as individual records linked to information about figures, grammar, and other annotations to generate a rich interactive text edition and discover patterns not visible to simple readers. Modeling text as structured data in a database allows for new insights into the cultural patterns conveyed by the text.
This document discusses databases and data modeling. It begins by defining what big data is and how databases underlie digital products. It then discusses how the digital humanities deals with large amounts of digitized information sources. The document goes on to explain how databases can be used to ingest and combine data sets to create new data. It also discusses how databases allow for inferences to be made through relations between tables. Finally, it covers database design, including creating entity relationship diagrams to model data and mapping those diagrams to database tables.
This document discusses using databases and SQL to store and organize text data. It explains that arrays in PHP can be used to represent text as data structures like tables and trees, but databases provide more efficient storage and retrieval. Specifically, relational databases use SQL, which allows defining schemas to represent ontologies and then querying the data through logical operations. The document introduces MySQL as an open source relational database and phpMyAdmin as a PHP interface for managing MySQL databases.
This document discusses coding as a form of praxis or practice-based knowledge. It provides examples like Conway's Game of Life to illustrate how simple rules and structures can produce complex, unpredictable results. This is an example of emergence. The document also discusses how coding relates to hacking and creativity. It argues that coding involves both logical and creative thinking, and requires collaboration between those with technical and artistic skills.
The document discusses the relationship between rules and emergent patterns/products in computer programming and digital art. It notes that programs like 10 PRINT and Conway's Game of Life demonstrate how finite rules can generate infinite patterns, and how digital art is similarly created through algorithms. The document then asks how these concepts might be applied to studying real art and literature using computers, suggesting we can view such works as patterns generated by underlying rules, and that text too has been shown to follow probabilistic patterns. It proposes experimenting with generating text in this way.
Code functions as a language by representing and creating computational worlds. When writing code, programmers are speaking to computers, which then speak back through the program output. Code uses linguistic structures like variables, values, expressions, and sentences to represent a computational world and direct the computer's operations within that world. Programming involves controlling a new kind of labor by encoding it in a computer language.
The document discusses the PHP programming language, noting that it uses variables, values, expressions, and other constructs to model and create "worlds" through code, and introduces some basic PHP concepts like variables, arrays, control structures, functions, and sigils. Exercises are provided to emulate the 10 PRINT program in PHP and learn about arrays, control structures, and functions by riffing on the 10 PRINT model to produce other outcomes.
This document provides an overview of a course on code, language, and media. The course will teach students PHP and SQL/MySQL to build interactive web pages and visualizations by reverse engineering primary sources. Students will complete weekly readings, blog posts, exercises, quizzes, and a final project website, with the goal of exploring how digital networks impact knowledge production and distribution.
Graph theory can be used to represent and analyze relationships in networks. It has been applied to topics like maps, timelines, and texts. Critics argue that quantitative graph theory approaches produce trivial results and miss nuanced features important to literary analysis. However, proponents argue that data can be interpreted like a text, and correlations found can generate new insights and research directions.
The document discusses using maps and timelines for visualization. It provides four ways that maps and timelines can be used: 1) Plotting precise spatial and/or temporal coordinates, 2) Drawing artistic overlays, 3) Appropriating maps and timelines as metaphors for abstract dimensions, 4) Combinations of these approaches with layers. The functions of these visualizations include telling stories or starting conversations at the border between narrative and data. Historical examples like Minard's map of Napoleon's march are discussed.
The lecture discusses Google's Ngram Viewer and culturomics methodology. Ngram analyzes 500 billion words from books 1500-1800 in several languages. Culturomics applies big data methods like Ngram to analyze trends in culture quantitatively over time. The studio portion has students collaboratively build a character index using structured data, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
This document discusses how new forms of knowledge are being generated through large datasets and data visualization. It provides examples of visualizations created from data from sources like Flickr, Twitter, and Wikipedia tags/edits that show trends, locations, and connections. The document argues this represents a new "epistemology" or way of knowing that relies more on correlations in large amounts of data than traditional models and theories. It notes how this is similar to shifts towards empirical knowledge seen before.
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
This document discusses text encoding and markup. It introduces XML and the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), which uses XML to encode scholarly documents. Key points include:
- XML allows users to define their own semantic markup languages and impose interpretive models on texts through schemas like TEI.
- TEI is the dominant language for encoding scholarly texts and primary sources. It allows scholars to select elements to match their areas of interest.
- XML and TEI view texts as ordered hierarchies of content objects (OHCO), representing them as trees. This has advantages like easy processing but also limitations regarding overlaps in logical and physical structure.
- Different representational tools like tables and trees can be used to reconcile textual
The document summarizes different approaches to analyzing textual structures through computational methods:
1. Levi-Strauss analyzed myths by chopping texts into relation units and rearranging them to uncover deeper paradigms.
2. Colby used a thesaurus program to parse words in texts into themes, revealing patterns that hinted at cultural structures.
3. Ramsay applied graph theory to analyze Shakespeare plays, representing scenes as nodes and transitions as edges to compare structural metrics across genres.
The document discusses how these methods uncover unconscious patterns rather than conscious meanings, and how texts can act as "delivery mechanisms" for cultural models.
This document contains notes from a class on HTML and digital media. It discusses assigning a reflective blog post, introducing concepts like Marshall McLuhan and Plato's Allegory of the Cave. Students break into groups to complete exercises on enhancing a text editor, creating directories and HTML pages, and adding text and styles to an empty HTML page about Aristotle's Poetics.
Plato's cave allegory depicts people chained in an underground cave, watching shadows on the cave wall from puppets manipulated by people behind them. For Plato, this represents ignorance and the limits of human perception without education. Aristotle later argued that all knowledge is based on imitation, defending poetry against Plato's view. Aristotle analyzed tragedy as the highest form of art, defining its key elements as plot, character, thought, diction, song, and spectacle. The plot must be complex, involve recognition and reversal, and arouse pity and fear to achieve catharsis. For both philosophers, education is about emerging from darkness into light by modeling the world through various media like poetry, art, and code.
This document contains notes from a class on digital literacy and the liberal arts. It discusses setting up a home directory and basic web development tools. The class will explore how digital technology transforms literacy and society. Students will work in pairs and groups to set up their home directories, install a text editor, view the source code of a basic web page, and modify the page title. They are instructed to reflect on the relationship between the directory, text editor, and web browser, and how the exercise relates to "world making". Readings from Plato's Republic and Aristotle's Poetics are assigned for the next class.
This document provides an introduction to a course on the digital liberal arts. It discusses the history of the liberal arts as stemming from the medieval trivium and quadrivium. It notes how the liberal arts curriculum has changed over time. The document asks students about their majors and explores how the digital represents information through binary code. It gives examples of how different media like music, art, and text can be represented digitally. The course will examine how reasoning and rhetoric change with new digital media and technologies. Students are assigned homework to set up course accounts and install software in preparation for the seminar.
MDST 3705 2012-03-05 Databases to VisualizationRafael Alvarado
This document discusses database visualization and transformation. It provides examples of different types of visualizations including image grids, network graphs, adjacency matrices, arcs and circles. It explains that raw data undergoes a series of transformations to data models, queries and arrays before being arranged visually. Different visualization techniques use space, location and other elements differently to reveal patterns in the data.
This document discusses how databases can be considered a symbolic form that shapes how we think. It argues that databases make the underlying paradigmatic structure or model of information more visible and mutable compared to traditional narrative forms where the paradigm is hidden. Examples are provided of how digital games and archives expose the database structure underlying them. The implications of this for digital humanities projects and understanding authors like Walt Whitman who may be well-suited to database form are also examined.
This document discusses how to model text data in a database. It explains that while XML is useful for representing logical structure, it does not capture complex relationships within text like figures of speech that crosscut the structure. Relational databases provide a better model as they can represent these network-like relationships. The document presents an example of a database that stored words as individual records linked to information about figures, grammar, and other annotations to generate a rich interactive text edition and discover patterns not visible to simple readers. Modeling text as structured data in a database allows for new insights into the cultural patterns conveyed by the text.
This document discusses databases and data modeling. It begins by defining what big data is and how databases underlie digital products. It then discusses how the digital humanities deals with large amounts of digitized information sources. The document goes on to explain how databases can be used to ingest and combine data sets to create new data. It also discusses how databases allow for inferences to be made through relations between tables. Finally, it covers database design, including creating entity relationship diagrams to model data and mapping those diagrams to database tables.
This document discusses using databases and SQL to store and organize text data. It explains that arrays in PHP can be used to represent text as data structures like tables and trees, but databases provide more efficient storage and retrieval. Specifically, relational databases use SQL, which allows defining schemas to represent ontologies and then querying the data through logical operations. The document introduces MySQL as an open source relational database and phpMyAdmin as a PHP interface for managing MySQL databases.
This document discusses coding as a form of praxis or practice-based knowledge. It provides examples like Conway's Game of Life to illustrate how simple rules and structures can produce complex, unpredictable results. This is an example of emergence. The document also discusses how coding relates to hacking and creativity. It argues that coding involves both logical and creative thinking, and requires collaboration between those with technical and artistic skills.
The document discusses the relationship between rules and emergent patterns/products in computer programming and digital art. It notes that programs like 10 PRINT and Conway's Game of Life demonstrate how finite rules can generate infinite patterns, and how digital art is similarly created through algorithms. The document then asks how these concepts might be applied to studying real art and literature using computers, suggesting we can view such works as patterns generated by underlying rules, and that text too has been shown to follow probabilistic patterns. It proposes experimenting with generating text in this way.
Code functions as a language by representing and creating computational worlds. When writing code, programmers are speaking to computers, which then speak back through the program output. Code uses linguistic structures like variables, values, expressions, and sentences to represent a computational world and direct the computer's operations within that world. Programming involves controlling a new kind of labor by encoding it in a computer language.
The document discusses the PHP programming language, noting that it uses variables, values, expressions, and other constructs to model and create "worlds" through code, and introduces some basic PHP concepts like variables, arrays, control structures, functions, and sigils. Exercises are provided to emulate the 10 PRINT program in PHP and learn about arrays, control structures, and functions by riffing on the 10 PRINT model to produce other outcomes.
This document provides an overview of a course on code, language, and media. The course will teach students PHP and SQL/MySQL to build interactive web pages and visualizations by reverse engineering primary sources. Students will complete weekly readings, blog posts, exercises, quizzes, and a final project website, with the goal of exploring how digital networks impact knowledge production and distribution.
Graph theory can be used to represent and analyze relationships in networks. It has been applied to topics like maps, timelines, and texts. Critics argue that quantitative graph theory approaches produce trivial results and miss nuanced features important to literary analysis. However, proponents argue that data can be interpreted like a text, and correlations found can generate new insights and research directions.
The document discusses using maps and timelines for visualization. It provides four ways that maps and timelines can be used: 1) Plotting precise spatial and/or temporal coordinates, 2) Drawing artistic overlays, 3) Appropriating maps and timelines as metaphors for abstract dimensions, 4) Combinations of these approaches with layers. The functions of these visualizations include telling stories or starting conversations at the border between narrative and data. Historical examples like Minard's map of Napoleon's march are discussed.
The lecture discusses Google's Ngram Viewer and culturomics methodology. Ngram analyzes 500 billion words from books 1500-1800 in several languages. Culturomics applies big data methods like Ngram to analyze trends in culture quantitatively over time. The studio portion has students collaboratively build a character index using structured data, HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
This document discusses how new forms of knowledge are being generated through large datasets and data visualization. It provides examples of visualizations created from data from sources like Flickr, Twitter, and Wikipedia tags/edits that show trends, locations, and connections. The document argues this represents a new "epistemology" or way of knowing that relies more on correlations in large amounts of data than traditional models and theories. It notes how this is similar to shifts towards empirical knowledge seen before.
Elevate Your Nonprofit's Online Presence_ A Guide to Effective SEO Strategies...TechSoup
Whether you're new to SEO or looking to refine your existing strategies, this webinar will provide you with actionable insights and practical tips to elevate your nonprofit's online presence.
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...EduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
THE SACRIFICE HOW PRO-PALESTINE PROTESTS STUDENTS ARE SACRIFICING TO CHANGE T...indexPub
The recent surge in pro-Palestine student activism has prompted significant responses from universities, ranging from negotiations and divestment commitments to increased transparency about investments in companies supporting the war on Gaza. This activism has led to the cessation of student encampments but also highlighted the substantial sacrifices made by students, including academic disruptions and personal risks. The primary drivers of these protests are poor university administration, lack of transparency, and inadequate communication between officials and students. This study examines the profound emotional, psychological, and professional impacts on students engaged in pro-Palestine protests, focusing on Generation Z's (Gen-Z) activism dynamics. This paper explores the significant sacrifices made by these students and even the professors supporting the pro-Palestine movement, with a focus on recent global movements. Through an in-depth analysis of printed and electronic media, the study examines the impacts of these sacrifices on the academic and personal lives of those involved. The paper highlights examples from various universities, demonstrating student activism's long-term and short-term effects, including disciplinary actions, social backlash, and career implications. The researchers also explore the broader implications of student sacrifices. The findings reveal that these sacrifices are driven by a profound commitment to justice and human rights, and are influenced by the increasing availability of information, peer interactions, and personal convictions. The study also discusses the broader implications of this activism, comparing it to historical precedents and assessing its potential to influence policy and public opinion. The emotional and psychological toll on student activists is significant, but their sense of purpose and community support mitigates some of these challenges. However, the researchers call for acknowledging the broader Impact of these sacrifices on the future global movement of FreePalestine.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
2. Business
• If you are still having problems with JEdit or
Home Directory, please see me
• We will continue with JavaScript and jQuery
on Thursday
3. Review
• Ayers’ experiment is to create an online essay
that takes advantage of being digital
– Use of hypertext
– Direct access to supporting primary and
secondary sources
• Does it succeed?
– Why or why not?
4. Missed Opportunities
• Does not resolve the tension between
database and narrative
– And does not exploit mediating structures – e.g.
the categories
• Possible hindrances:
– Conservative nature of historians
– Hypertext theory tends to conflate the stack of
scholarship
5. The Stack of Scholarship
ARGUMENTS ESSAYS HYPERTEXT
MAGIC MIDDLE
Work,
Memory
Programs,
Maps, etc.
COLLECTIONS LIBRARIES DATABASES
6. But how are the conflicting requirements
between database and narrative to be
mediated?
What is a good example?
8. Lev Manovich is professor of Visual Arts, University of
California, San Diego, U.S. and European Graduate School
in Saas-Fee, Switzerland, where he teaches new media art.
A native Russian, Manovich worked in the software
industry before turning to academia.
9. David Abelevich Kaufman (aka
Dziga Vertov) was a Soviet
pioneer of documentary film,
newsreel director and cinema
theorist.
10.
11. Let’s begin with structuralism
(related to semiotics and semiology, the
study of “signs”)
12.
13. Structuralism is a theory culture
Culture comprises the products of human
labor – intellectual and physical -- as well as
the psychological and social formations that
make this labor possible*
*for these, too, are partly created by human labor
14. The visible products of human culture – works
of art, language, institutions, etc. – are the
results of hidden structures that generate
visible behaviors
The best example of this is language
Our speech – the observable part of language
– is governed by grammar, or structure, a
hidden set of codes and rules that exist in the
brain and shared by a community
15. As with language, cultural structures consist of
categories whose meanings derive from their position
and contrast with other terms
For example, phonemes are joined in sequences to
form words or parts of speech
16. Structures are called paradigmatic
Sequences are called syntagmatic
Paradigm and Syntagm are like the X
and Y axes in a geometry of culture …
17.
18. Paradigm and syntagm can be used to describe
things like food and fashion
Each “system” has a paradigmatic code that is
“executed” to generate syntagmatic products
21. Paradigm / Syntagm
PARADIGM
• The level of “structure”
• Elements
• Spatial
• Order does not matter
• Meaning determined by
contrasts between
elements
SYNTAGM
• The level of “events”
• Sequences
• Temporal
• Order matters
• Meaning determined by
what could have been said
as much as by what has
been said
“execution” or “performance”
22. Structuralism defines a Stack of Culture
EVENT (syntagm)
PERFORMANCE (following rules)
STRUCTRE (paradigm)
23. Structuralism can be used to describe the
media forms studied and created by scholars
Books and paintings, for example, are
syntagmatic expressions of cultural
paradigms
However, these cultural forms present only
syntagm, not paradigm
25. Yaxchilan lintel 24
The lintel depicts an actual blood-
letting rite that took place on 26
October 709.
King Shield Jaguar is shown holding
a torch as Queen Lady Xoc draws a
barbed rope through her pierced
tongue.
The surrounding text locates the
event within the Mayan calendar
system.
The paradigmatic basis of this art
is what cultural archaeologists
seek to reconstruct
26. Digital media are different
Paradigm can be exposed as well
This is a big deal
27. In other words, when an artist creates a
story, painting, or film, the paradigmatic
parts – notes, index cards, raw footage -- are
usually lost
Thrown away or in the head
But with digital media, this stuff becomes
part of the work itself
28. In a game like
Civilization IV,
the
“Civilopedia”
governs play
The “board” is the
interface to the
database
29. In a game like Skyrim, the database
underlies all decisions
32. The database is foregrounded and constant,
whereas the narrative – the outcome of
playing – is variable and ephemeral
33. This is true of most games – this is how you
create something in Minecraft
34. Manovich’s argument is that with digital
media, paradigm is both materialized and
foregrounded, and this shapes how we think
One effect is that digital media make
narrative problematic
(media determinism again)
35.
36.
37.
38. Rationalization Effects
• All cultural forms are like interfaces to
databases
– Where database = paradigm
• How we interact with paradigm is therefore
like how computers interact with data – via
algorithm
– Therefore, behavior is algorithmic
41. Role of algorithm in computers
• Connects narrative to
database, syntagm to
paradigm
– A set of procedures for
working with a set of
data
• Can be interactive …
Interface
Database
Algorith
m
42. Data structures and algorithms are the
essential topics of computer science
For example, the DOM and JavaScript
43. An algorithm is a machine for generating
narratives
Therefore, the traditional story – telling “the
story” – becomes problematic
44. Narrative
• Narratives oppose database logic
– Order matters
– There is a “sense of an ending”
• The “database” is internal, unexposed
– In the head of the author
• The result of an internal algorithm
– The author’s in the act of writing
46. Vertov – like Bush with microfilm – realized that film
can be used to capture the process and sources of
its own creation. Because of is plasticity, it can
represent paradigm …
Editor's Notes
TENSIONS TO RESOLVE
TENSIONS TO RESOLVE
Mayan art expressed a different symbolic form – one that mixed realism with a cosmic, temporal frame