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Use of Pseudomonas fluoroscens as biocontrol agent
- 1. Use of Psedomonasfluorescens as biocontrol agent The same plate under UV light. Pseudomonas fluorescens under white light.
- 2. Presented by SandeepKumar CH UG14AGR1989 College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur
- 3. Biological control Biologicalcontrol is the reduction of amount of inoculum or disease producing activity of pathogen accomplished through one or more organisms other than man.
- 4. Use of microbesas bio control agents Many microbes are used as bio control agents for the control of many diseases, particularly soil borne diseases. Many fungi and bacteria are used as bio control agents. To state among them Trichoderma, Gliocladium, Ampelomyces are few fungal bioagents and Agrobacterium radiobacter, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens are few important bacterial bio control agents.
- 5. Importance of Pseudomonasfluorescens Biocontrol agents in general and Pseudomonas fluorescens in particular have gained importance as a component of Integrated Pest Management for sustainable agriculture (Mukhopadhyay, 1987).
- 6. Pseudomonas fluorescens Pseudomonasfluorescens is a common Gram- negative, rod-shaped bacterium. It belongs to the Pseudomonas genus. P. fluorescens has multiple flagella. It has an extremely versatile metabolism, and can be found in the soil and in water. It is an obligate aerobe, but certain strains are capable of using nitrate instead of oxygen as a final electron acceptor during cellular respiration.
- 7. Pseudomonas fluorescens Pseudomonasfluorescens belong to Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), the important group of bacteria that play a major role in the plant growth promotion, induced systemic resistance, biological control of plant pathogens etc.
- 8. P. fluorescens asbiocontrol agent The bacteria P. fluorescens possess many traits that make them well suited as biocontrol and growth-promoting agents. These include the ability to- Grow rapidly in vitro and to be mass produced. Rapidly utilize seed and root exudates. Colonize and multiply in the rhizosphere and spermosphere environments and in the interior of the plants.
- 9. P. fluorescens asbiocontrol agent Produce a wide spectrum of bioactive metabolites. Compete aggressively with other microorganisms. Adapt to environmental stresses and, Inexpensive
- 10. Mode of action Antibiotic Production Siderophores Production Induced Systemic Resistance Competition Hydrogen Cyanide Production Plant Growth Promotion Antibiotic Production
- 11. Antibiotic production TheP. fluorescens is very effective antibiotic producer. Many secondary metabolites of P. fluorescens acts as antibiotics against plant pathogens. The P. fluorescens produces antifungal compounds which are fungistatic, inhibiting spore germination and lysis of fungal mycelia.
- 12. Antibiotics produced Phenazine-1-CarboxylicAcid (PCA) 2, 4 – Diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) Pyocinine Pyrrolnitrin Pyoluteorin Oomycin-A
- 13. Siderophore production Siderophoresare extra cellular, low-molecular weight compounds with very high affinity for ferric iron. As siderophore sequester the limited supply of iron in the rhizosphere, they limits it’s availability to pathogens and ultimately suppress their growth.
- 14. Siderophores Ferribactin Ferrichrome Ferroxamine B Pseudobactin Pyochelin Pyoverdine(soluble fluorescent pigment)
- 15. Induced systemic resistance The P. fluorescens induce systemic resistance in plants that is phenotypically similar to Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR). Induction of resistance by P. fluorescens is mainly through the: - Production of phytoalexins. - Increased lignifications. - Production of PR-protein in the induced plants.
- 16. Phytoalexins Phytoalexins areantimicrobial and often antioxidative substances synthesized de novo(Ln. from the new or by scratch) by plants that accumulate rapidly at areas of pathogen infection. They are broad spectrum inhibitors and are chemically diverse with different types characteristic of particular plant species.
- 17. PR- proteins Pathogenesis-related(PR) proteins are proteins produced in plants in the event of a pathogen attack. They are induced as part of systemic acquired resistance. Infections activate genes that produce PR proteins. Some of these proteins are antimicrobial, attacking molecules in the cell wall of a bacterium or fungus. Others may function as signals that spread “news” of the infection to nearby cells. Infections also stimulate the cross- linking of molecules in the cell wall and the deposition of lignin, responses that set up a local barricade that slows spread of the pathogen to other parts of the plant
- 18. Competition The P.fluorescens pre-empt the establishment of other rhizosphere microorganisms through competition for favuored sites on the roots and in the rhizosphere.
- 19. Hydrogen cyanide production Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is representative of class of volatile inhibitors. The P. fluorescens produces HCN which can check growth of phytopathogens.
- 20. Plant Growth PromotionAntibiotic Production: The P. fluorescens promotes plant growth by prodution of phytohormones such as Auxins and Gibberrelins and also by Phosphate solubilization.
- 21. Role of Pseudomonasfluorescens Pseudomonas fluorescens
- 22. Isolation and multiplication It is collected from the rhizospheres. Serial dilution technique is carried out. King’s B medium is used for the culture of Pseudomonas fluorescens. It can be mass multiplied on King’s B broth.
- 23. Trade names ofPseudomonas fluorescens Sudo Monas Bioshield TNAU Fp- 7 Pseudocon Powerall Biomonas
- 24. Pathogens controlled byP. fluorescens Pythium spp. Rhizoctonia solani Erwnia caratovora Thielaviopsis basicola Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici