This document discusses biological herbicides, also known as bioherbicides. Bioherbicides are biologically based agents used for weed control and can include compounds from microbes like fungi or bacteria, or plant extracts. While chemical herbicides can harm the environment and contaminate food/water sources, bioherbicides provide an alternative for weed control in agriculture. The document lists some available commercial bioherbicides and provides examples of microbes used as bioherbicides against specific weed species. It also discusses using bacteria like Xanthomonas for weed control and extracting active compounds from plants.

1. Biological Herbicides
 Shah Fahad
 The University of Agriculture Peshawar
 Department of Agronomy
shahfahad974@gmail.com

2.  A substance that is toxic to plants used to
destroy unwanted vegetation.
 Herbicides belong to a group of
chemicals which prevent, destroy, repel,
or mitigate pest. Herbicides are any
chemical substance that is used to kill
plants or inhibit growth.

3. Bio herbicide is a biologically based control
agent for weeds .
Bioherbicides may be compounds and
secondary metabolites derived from microbes
such as fungi, Bacteria or protozoa; or
Phytotoxic plant residues, extracts or single
compounds derived from other plant species.

4. In irrigated agriculture weed control through
chemicals creates ;
 Spray drift hazards
 Water contamination
 Effects Environment
 Contamination in food sources
i-e ( effect livings health)
So Bioherbicides will be alternately used for
weed control.
.
.

5.  Produce abundant & adorable inoculum in
culture
 Be target specific
 Be genetically stable
 Determental effect on non-target plants (Native
Plants)

6. Bioherbicides may be
 secondary metabolites derived from microbes
such as fungi, bacteria or protozoa;
 Phytotoxic plant residues , extracts or single
compounds derived from other plant species.

7.  While many different products have been
launched, currently some Bioherbicides are
available for sale/purchase in market globally .
Below is the list of available Bioherbicides:

8.  Collego TM
 BioMal®
 Woad Warrior®
 Chontrol®
 Smoulder®
 Libao
 Dr Biosedge
 Mycho Tech
 Stumpout , Bichon TM

10. Target Weed specie : Morrenia Odorata
Name of Microbe: Phtopthora Palmivora

11. Target Weed Specie : Aeschynomene Virginica
Name of Microbe :Collectorichum Gleosporiods
spp. aeschynomene

12. Target Weed specie: Malva Pusilla
Name of Microbe : Collectorichum Gleosporiods
spp. Malvae

13. Target Weed specie: Isastic Tinctoria
Name of Microbe : Puccinia Thlaspeos

14. Target Weed specie: Alders & other hardwoods
Name of Microbe:Chondrosetereum purpureum

15. Target Weed specie: Dodder specie
Name of Microbe : Alternia destruens

16. Target Weed specie: Cascuta spp.
Name of Microbe :Collectrotrichum
Gleosporiods spp. Cascute

17. Target Weed specie: Cyperus esculantus
Name of Microbe :Puccina cnaliculata

18. Target Weed specie: Deciduous Plants
Name of Microbe :Chondrosterium purpurium

19. Target Weed specie: Acacia spp. Prunus serotina
Name of Microbe : Chyndrostereum purpurium

20.  Xpo (Xanthomonas bacteria) is used for Annual
bluegrass control.
 It has a high potential as a biological control
agent for perennial ryegrass(Lolium perenne
L.). It is evaluated as a commercial
bioherbicide.

21. Plant Extract:
A plant extract is a substance or an active with
desirable properties that is removed from the
tissue of a plant, usually by treating it with a
solvent, to be used for a particular purpose.