This document summarizes the art and culture in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages, specifically focusing on Muslim, Romanesque, and Gothic styles. It describes the major architectural works from each period, including the Great Mosque of Cordoba, Alhambra Palace, monasteries like Santa Maria de Ripoll, cathedrals along the Way of Saint James pilgrimage route, and Gothic cathedrals in Castile, Aragon, and Seville. It also discusses the cultural interaction and influence between Muslim, Jewish, and Christian communities during the Reconquest and rise of Romance languages. Civil architecture from the late medieval period included palaces, town halls, and structures for trade.
Marialva, a remote medieval portuguese villageMario Ricca
Marialva is a walled historic granite village, declared heritage village, converted to a small jewel in a remote region close to the Portuguese border with Spain.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
13. Lenguas romances
In the 10th
Century,
Romances
Languages
Substitute
Latin.
Latin was only
preserved
as an official
Language in
the Church
and universities.
14. CULTURE INTERACTION
The Reconquest led to the
presence of Jews, Muslims and
Christians in the same kingdoms.
Cultural interaction between 11th
and 13th century between the
three cultures was common.
15. The Romanesque style:
• Beginning in Cataluña (11th century)
– Little rural churches and monasteries:
Sta. María de Ripoll, san Pedro de Roda
• The way of Saint James (12th century)
– Cathedrals and pilgrimage churches.
Frómista, Jaca, Santiago, Isidoro de León, Silos
• The Late Romanesque of Duero (12-13th)
– The Romanesque art in the south:
Salamanca, Zamora, Toro…
16. A) THE BEGINNING: CATALUÑA
S. Pedro de Roda (1040)
The age of
monasteries:
One of the
oldest buildings
In
Romanesque
style.
17. SANTA MARÍA DE RIPOLL (11th cent.)
It became
an important
Cultural centre
In the XI century
Lot of works were
Translated from
Arab to latin.
It became the main
Cross point betwee
Europe and Al
Andalus.
18. B) THE WAY OF SAINT
JAMES
ARAGÓN Y NAVARRA: CATHEDRAL OF
JACA
Capital, with King David
playing music.
32. CULTURE AND ART IN
THE LATE MIDDLE
AGES
What do we remember from
Gothic style?
33. Late Middle age: the rise of a new
culture.
Culture is not only
Religious and rural
any longer:
It is urban and civil,
And with new goals
Library from the University
Of Salamanca (1215)
35. Gothic style: Cister
Monasterio de Piedra: Cloister
It is a very austere monastery
style, mixing Romanesque
And Gothic elements.
Ribbed vault
“nervios”
“clave”
Pointed arch Butresses
No decoration
36. Císter. OSEIRA: GIROLA / AMBULATORY (13th cent.)
No decoration
Bare walls
Simple capitals
Roman and
Pointed archs.
37. GOTHIC 13-14th cent.
Religious buildings
• Castilla Cathedrals
León
Burgos
(14th-15th c.)
(flemish/
flamboyant)
Toledo
(13th century)
Built under
French influence
(rose windows,
pinnacles, flying
buttresses…)
“Agujas”
Spires
38. GOTHIC (13th-14th cent)
Religious buildings
• Aragón Cathedrals
Cathedral of Palma de Mallorca
Santa María del Mar:
Wide, high and very austere.
40. GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
• Military architecture
Manzanares El Real
Castillo de Peñafiel
Torre de los
Púlpitos
(Cáceres,
15th cent.)
Segovia
41. Castillo de la mota,
Medina del Campo (Valladolid)
matacanes
Arrow
Split
(saetera)
gate
Merlons (almenas)
Keep
(torre de homenaje)
42. Gothic architecture
Civil architecture (Aragón)
Lonja of Valencia
Palacio de la Generalitat
(Barcelona)
Big commercial cities like Barcelona
or Valencia will create civil
Buildings for trade and government.
43. Late Gothic Style
ISABELINE STYLE (15th c.)
Palacio del
Infantado
(15th century)
Isabeline style
Decoration is abundant,
And sometimes it is done in such
a small scale that seems the
Work of goldsmiths.
Arcos flamígeros
Diamond
decoration
Flamígero o conopial
Escarzano o rebajado
44. Late Gothic Style
ISABELINE STYLE (15th c.)
Palacio del Infantado
(15th century)
Isabeline style
Decoration is abundant,
And sometimes it is done in such
a small scale that seems the
Work of goldsmiths.
Casa de las Conchas
(Salamanca)
45. Isabeline style (15th cent.)
San Gregorio
San Pablo
Arco
flamígero
Coat
Of arms
“goldsmith”
decoration