The document discusses instructional design unit 4 and learning theories. It provides an overview of conducting client surveys, with examples given. It also outlines the three domains of learning: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. Three learning theories - behaviorism, cognitive psychology, and constructivism - are explained in terms of their implications for instructional system design. Problem-based learning is also introduced as compatible with a constructivist approach.

1. Instructional Design Unit 4

2. Client Surveys Contains: List of objectives Identification of who you will interview A list of topics for the interview A list of questions A checklist for recording answers

3. Your Client Surveys Must be completed today Examples on pages 44 and 45 of your text book An example on the blog

4. Unit 4 Learning Theories

5. Y O U R S E N S E S Short-Term (0.5 - 2.0 sec) Short-Term Store 20 sec. Long-Term Memory Transformed or coded data become part of knowledge system Memory and Information-Processing DATA LOST FROM THE SYSTEM TARGET AUDIENCE

6. What is learning? Active Persistent change in behavior Experience + Interactions ( Reiser and Dempsey ) Personal - but can be a social process

7. Learning Retention

8. Three Domains in Learning Cognitive: mental skills ( Knowledge ) Affective: growth in feelings or emotional areas ( Attitude ) Psychomotor: manual or physical skills ( Skills ) – not so much in higher ed.

9. Three Learning Theories in ISD Behaviorism Cognitive Psychology Constructivism

10. Behaviorism Mental processes are vague Mental processes can only be inferred Behaviors can be understood

11. Behaviorism Effective in training Uses immediate feedback Textbooks, computers, audio-visual devices Connections between input and output Can’t explain complex human performances

12. Cognitive Psychology how learners acquire knowledge and skills Problem-solving processes The mind = information processing system ISD has adopted strategies from cognitive psychology

13. Constructivism Knowledge is constructed Learning based upon own experiences Learning cannot be pre-determined Involves the learner in goal-setting and learning experiences Difficulties in assessment procedures

14. Theory Strengths Behaviorist Cognitive Constructivist Real life application Develop Concepts Problem-solving skills

15. Implications of Theories for ISD Behaviorist - easily applied Cognitive Psychology - helps identify the processes of learning Constructivist - used in the design An IS Designer must apply theories to practice.

16. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) Begins with a problem situation Uses a problem-based tutorial Students work in small groups Compatible with a constructivist approach Follows systematic design principles

17. The ISD Paradigm Must we start with new assumptions? ADDIE model based on cognitive science? Is the Core Process “Behaviorist?” ISD “Constructivist?” How can we tell? What do these terms mean?