1. 8-Bit Microprocessor:
The 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor, which means it can process data in 8-bit chunks at a time. This restricts the processor to working with values from 0 to 255.
2. Architecture:
The 8085 microprocessor has a simple architecture consisting of various registers, a control unit, and an arithmetic logic unit (ALU).
It has 74 instructions and 246 opcodes.
3. Registers:
Accumulator (A): Used for performing arithmetic and logic operations.
General-Purpose Registers (B, C, D, E, H, L): Used for various data manipulation tasks.
Stack Pointer (SP): Used to manage the stack.
Program Counter (PC): Keeps track of the address of the next instruction to be executed.
4. Memory:
The 8085 microprocessor can address up to 64KB of memory, which includes RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read-Only Memory).
Memory is organized into 16-bit addresses.
5. Data and Address Bus:
The 8085 has an 8-bit data bus and a 16-bit address bus, allowing it to communicate with external memory and peripheral devices.7. Instruction Set:
The 8085 uses a Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) architecture with a relatively small instruction set. Instructions are categorized into data transfer, arithmetic and logical operations, control flow, and input/output operations.
8. Addressing Modes:
The 8085 supports various addressing modes, such as direct addressing, immediate addressing, register indirect addressing, and more, allowing for flexible data manipulation.
9. Interrupts:
The 8085 microprocessor features five interrupt lines, which are used for handling external interrupts. It supports both maskable and non-maskable interrupts.
10. Flags:7. Instruction Set:
The 8085 uses a Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) architecture with a relatively small instruction set. Instructions are categorized into data transfer, arithmetic and logical operations, control flow, and input/output operations.
8. Addressing Modes:
The 8085 supports various addressing modes, such as direct addressing, immediate addressing, register indirect addressing, and more, allowing for flexible data manipulation.
9. Interrupts:
The 8085 microprocessor features five interrupt lines, which are used for handling external interrupts. It supports both maskable and non-maskable interrupts.
10. Flags:7. Instruction Set:
The 8085 uses a Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) architecture with a relatively small instruction set. Instructions are categorized into data transfer, arithmetic and logical operations, control flow, and input/output operations.
8. Addressing Modes:
The 8085 supports various addressing modes, such as direct addressing, immediate addressing, register indirect addressing, and more, allowing for flexible data manipulation.
9. Interrupts:
The 8085 microprocessor features five interrupt lines, which are used for handling external interrupts. It supports both maskable and non-maskable interrupts.
10. Flags:7. Instruction Set:
The 8085 uses a Reduced Instruction
1. 8-Bit Microprocessor:
The 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor, which means it can process data in 8-bit chunks at a time. This restricts the processor to working with values from 0 to 255.
2. Architecture:
The 8085 microprocessor has a simple architecture consisting of various registers, a control unit, and an arithmetic logic unit (ALU).
It has 74 instructions and 246 opcodes.
3. Registers:
Accumulator (A): Used for performing arithmetic and logic operations.
General-Purpose Registers (B, C, D, E, H, L): Used for various data manipulation tasks.
Stack Pointer (SP): Used to manage the stack.
Program Counter (PC): Keeps track of the address of the next instruction to be executed.
4. Memory:
The 8085 microprocessor can address up to 64KB of memory, which includes RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read-Only Memory).
Memory is organized into 16-bit addresses.
5. Data and Address Bus:
The 8085 has an 8-bit data bus and a 16-bit address bus, allowing it to communicate with external memory and peripheral devices.7. Instruction Set:
The 8085 uses a Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) architecture with a relatively small instruction set. Instructions are categorized into data transfer, arithmetic and logical operations, control flow, and input/output operations.
8. Addressing Modes:
The 8085 supports various addressing modes, such as direct addressing, immediate addressing, register indirect addressing, and more, allowing for flexible data manipulation.
9. Interrupts:
The 8085 microprocessor features five interrupt lines, which are used for handling external interrupts. It supports both maskable and non-maskable interrupts.
10. Flags:7. Instruction Set:
The 8085 uses a Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) architecture with a relatively small instruction set. Instructions are categorized into data transfer, arithmetic and logical operations, control flow, and input/output operations.
8. Addressing Modes:
The 8085 supports various addressing modes, such as direct addressing, immediate addressing, register indirect addressing, and more, allowing for flexible data manipulation.
9. Interrupts:
The 8085 microprocessor features five interrupt lines, which are used for handling external interrupts. It supports both maskable and non-maskable interrupts.
10. Flags:7. Instruction Set:
The 8085 uses a Reduced Instruction Set Computer (RISC) architecture with a relatively small instruction set. Instructions are categorized into data transfer, arithmetic and logical operations, control flow, and input/output operations.
8. Addressing Modes:
The 8085 supports various addressing modes, such as direct addressing, immediate addressing, register indirect addressing, and more, allowing for flexible data manipulation.
9. Interrupts:
The 8085 microprocessor features five interrupt lines, which are used for handling external interrupts. It supports both maskable and non-maskable interrupts.
10. Flags:7. Instruction Set:
The 8085 uses a Reduced Instruction
It is a central processing unit etched on a single chip.A single integrated circuit has all the functional components of a cpu namely ALU,CONTROL UNIT & REGISTERS
Register Organization of 8086, Architecture, Signal Description of 8086, Physical Memory
Organization, General Bus Operation, I/O Addressing Capability, Special Processor Activities,
Minimum Mode 8086 System and Timings, Maximum Mode 8086 System and Timings.
Addressing Modes of 8086.
A microprocessor is an electronic component that is used by a computer to do its work. It is a central processing unit on a single integrated circuit chip containing millions of very small components including transistors, resistors, and diodes that work together. Some microprocessors in the 20th century required several chips. Microprocessors help to do everything from controlling elevators to searching the Web. Everything a computer does is described by instructions of computer programs, and microprocessors carry out these instructions many millions of times a second. [1]
Microprocessors were invented in the 1970s for use in embedded systems. The majority are still used that way, in such things as mobile phones, cars, military weapons, and home appliances. Some microprocessors are microcontrollers, so small and inexpensive that they are used to control very simple products like flashlights and greeting cards that play music when you open them. A few especially powerful microprocessors are used in personal computers.
Computer system architecture (microprocessor 8085) unit 4Anjaan Gajendra
Microprocessor: Organization of 8085 microprocessor, Instruction set of 8085, Mnemonics and operation codes
of data transfer group, Arithmetic group, Logic group, Branches group and stack, I/O and Machine control group,
Assembly language, Assembler, Simple programs in assembly language.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
It is a central processing unit etched on a single chip.A single integrated circuit has all the functional components of a cpu namely ALU,CONTROL UNIT & REGISTERS
Register Organization of 8086, Architecture, Signal Description of 8086, Physical Memory
Organization, General Bus Operation, I/O Addressing Capability, Special Processor Activities,
Minimum Mode 8086 System and Timings, Maximum Mode 8086 System and Timings.
Addressing Modes of 8086.
A microprocessor is an electronic component that is used by a computer to do its work. It is a central processing unit on a single integrated circuit chip containing millions of very small components including transistors, resistors, and diodes that work together. Some microprocessors in the 20th century required several chips. Microprocessors help to do everything from controlling elevators to searching the Web. Everything a computer does is described by instructions of computer programs, and microprocessors carry out these instructions many millions of times a second. [1]
Microprocessors were invented in the 1970s for use in embedded systems. The majority are still used that way, in such things as mobile phones, cars, military weapons, and home appliances. Some microprocessors are microcontrollers, so small and inexpensive that they are used to control very simple products like flashlights and greeting cards that play music when you open them. A few especially powerful microprocessors are used in personal computers.
Computer system architecture (microprocessor 8085) unit 4Anjaan Gajendra
Microprocessor: Organization of 8085 microprocessor, Instruction set of 8085, Mnemonics and operation codes
of data transfer group, Arithmetic group, Logic group, Branches group and stack, I/O and Machine control group,
Assembly language, Assembler, Simple programs in assembly language.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
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2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
3. What is 8085 Microprocessor?
• The 8085 microprocessor is the
most commonly used 8-bit
microprocessor architecture in early
computer systems and embedded
devices.
• The 8085 offers a range of
instructions for arithmetic, logical,
and control operations, making it
suitable for a wide range of
applications.
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 3
4. Pin Diagram of 8085 Microprocessor
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 4
5. 8085 Microprocessor Pin Diagram may be divided into
seven groups based on their functionality.
1. I/O serial signals.
2. DMA signals.
3. Signals for power and frequency.
4. Signals of interruption.
5. Address bus and data bus.
6. The control bus.
7. Reset signals.
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 5
6. Serial I/O Ports
• SID (Serial I/P Data): This input signal takes serial
data from an external device bit by bit.
• SOD (Serial O/P Data): This is an output signal
that allows serial data to be sent bit by bit to an
external device.
Direct Memory Access(DMA) Signal
HOLD: This signal indicates that another master
has requested access to the address, data, and
control buses.
HLDA: The HLDA signal is used to acknowledge a
HOLD request.
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 6
7. Power Supply and Clock Frequency
• Vcc: A single +5 V power supply is required.
• Vss: Ground reference.
• X1 and X2: A tuned circuit such as an LC, RC,
or crystal is linked at these two points.
Because the internal clock generator divides
the oscillator frequency by two, a system
operating at 3 MHz requires a crystal with a
frequency of 6 MHz
• CLK OUT: This signal is utilized by other
devices as a system clock. Its frequency is half
that of the oscillator.
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 7
8. Interrupts and Peripheral Initiated
Signals
• RST 5.5
• RST 6.5
• RST 7.5
• TRAP
• INTR
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 8
9. Address Bus and Data Bus
• AD0 to AD7:
The 8-bit data bus (D0 - D7) is multiplexed
with the bottom half of the 16-bit address
bus (A0 - A7).
• A8 to A15:
The address lines A8 to A15 contain the
upper half of the 16-bit address. These lines
are dedicated to carrying the most significant
8 bits of the 16-bit address lines.
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 9
10. Control and Status Signals
• ALE (Address Latch Enable):
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 10
11. .
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 11
RD and WR: These signals regulate the data flow
between the CPU and the memory or I/O device/port.
A low RD value indicates that data must be read
through the data bus from the designated memory
location or I/O port. A low WR indicates that the data
must be written via the data bus into the designated
memory location or I/O port.
IO/M, S0, and S1: IO/M shows if an I/O or memory
operation is being performed. S1 and S0 show the type
of machine cycle currently in use.
These signals are used to identify the nature of
operation.
There are 3 control signal and 3 status signals. Three
control signals are RD, WR & ALE.
12. Features of 8085
• 8-bit microprocessor i.e. accepts 8-bit data simultaneously
• Single-chip N-MOS device implemented with 6500
transistors
• Require single +5V power supply
• Clock frequency in the range of 3MHz-5MHz
• 8-bit data bus and 16-bit address bus
• 74 instructions with the following addressing
modes: Register, direct, immediate, indirect, and implied
• Provides 16 address lines hence access 64K Bytes of
memory, program as well as data memory
• Provides 5 hardware interrupts TRAP, RST 7.5, RST 6.5, RST
5.5, and INTR.
• Provides on-chip clock generator hence does not require
external clock generator
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 12
13. Features of 8085
• Perform arithmetic and logical operations
• Provides control signals to control the bus cycles
• Provides two serials I/O lines viz SOD and SID hence
serial peripherals can be interfaced with 8085 directly
• Supports mechanism that allows 8085 to increase its
interrupt handling capacity
• Provides 8-bit accumulator , flag register , 6 general-
purpose register(B,C,D,E,H,L) , 2 special purpose 16-bit
registers(SP,PC)
• The data bus(D0-D7) multiplexed with lower 8-bit
address bus(A0-A7) hence requires external hardware
to separate data lines from the address line
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 13
15. Functional Units of 8085 Microprocessor
.These units include the following:
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
The ALU is responsible for performing arithmetic and
logical operations on data.
It can perform operations such as addition, subtraction,
logical AND, logical OR, and more.
The ALU operates on 8-bit data and provides flags to
indicate conditions such as zero, carry, sign, and parity.
Control Unit (CU)
The Control Unit coordinates and controls the activities
of the other functional units within the microprocessor.
It generates timing and control signals to synchronize the
execution of instructions and manage data transfer
between different units.
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 15
16. Functional Units of 8085 Microprocessor
Instruction Decoder
The Instruction Decoder decodes the
instructions fetched from memory.
It determines the type of instruction being
executed and generates control signals
accordingly.
The decoded instructions guide the
microprocessor in executing the appropriate
operations.
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 16
17. The 8085 microprocessor registers :
• Accumulator (A): The Accumulator is an 8-bit
register used for storing intermediate results
during arithmetic and logical operations.
• General Purpose Registers (B, C, D, E, H, L):
These are six 8-bit registers that can be used for
various purposes, including storing data and
performing operations.
• Special Purpose Registers (SP, PC): The Stack
Pointer (SP) is used to manage the stack in
memory and the program counter (PC) keeps
track of the memory address of the following
instruction for fetching.
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 17
18. Address and Data Bus
• The microprocessor uses a bidirectional address
bus to specify the memory location or I/O
device it wants to access. Similarly, it employs
an 8-bit bidirectional data bus for transferring
data between the microprocessor and memory
or I/O devices.
Timing and Control Unit
• The Timing and Control Unit generates the
necessary timing signals to synchronize the
activities of the microprocessor. It produces
signals such as RD (Read), WR (Write), and
various control signals required for instruction
execution.
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 18
19. Interrupt Control Unit
• The Interrupt Control Unit manages interrupts in
the 8085 microprocessor. It handles external
interrupt signals and facilitates interrupt-driven
operations by interrupting the normal execution
flow of the program and branching to specific
interrupt service routines.
Memory Interface
• The Memory Interface connects the
microprocessor to the memory system. It
manages the address and data transfers
between the microprocessor and the memory
chips, including Read and Write operations.
Prof. S S Kirte BMIT, Solapur 19