Umj seminar 15 nov 2016 2
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1) The document reports on an experimental study and simulation of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) for a four-cylinder 2000cc engine. 2) Finite volume method and Navier-Stokes equations were used to simulate the fluid dynamics and characteristics of EGR flow. 3) Engine tests under varying loads and EGR rates showed that specific fuel consumption was lowest with a 10% open EGR valve at 800W load, indicating increased efficiency.
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This document summarizes the conceptual design process for a Boeing 737 aircraft using Raymer Design Software. The student spent 24 hours understanding the software, gathering data, generating a solid model, and presenting results. Key parameters selected were a cruise Mach number of 0.7 for optimal drag and altitude of 35,000 feet for maximum lift-to-drag ratio. Airfoil selection was based on optimal lift coefficient of 1.3 at Mach 0.7. Results from the basic RDS-EZ software matched closely with the more accurate RDS-Student analysis.
calibration of subsonic wind tunnel
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A study on the edm of al7075+3 wt%sic+3wt% b4c hybrid mmc
Abstract The objective of the project is to investigate the effect of current, pulse on time and pulse off time. For the proposed work Material removal rate (MRR) and Tool wear rate (TWR) were chosen as responses and Current, Pulse on time and pulse off time were chosen as process parameters. Hybrid Aluminium Silicon Carbide (Al 7075 + 3wt. % of SiCp+ 3wt. % of B4C) is used as work material and copper is used as tool material. Design of experiment technique is employed for the experimentation. The mathematical models are prepared by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) technique and Box Behnken Design (BBD) is selected to design the matrix for different combination of process parameters. After completion of the experiments analysis was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA) for 90% confidence level. Keywords: Current, Pulse on time, Pulse off time, Material removal rate (MRR), Tool wear rate (TWR), Design of experiments (DOE), Response surface methodology (RSM), Box-Behken design (BBD), Analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Lecture 18 second law of thermodynamics. carnot's cycle
The document discusses concepts related to the second law of thermodynamics including:
1) The Carnot cycle which involves reversible isothermal and adiabatic processes and is used to determine the maximum possible efficiency of heat engines and refrigerators.
2) Heat is only absorbed in the Carnot cycle during the isothermal expansion process between states 1 and 2 where the system is in contact with the hot reservoir.
3) The efficiency of the Carnot cycle depends only on the temperatures of the hot and cold reservoirs, with the maximum efficiency occurring when the temperature difference between reservoirs is smallest.
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A study on the edm of al7075+3 wt%sic+3wt% b4c hybrid mmc
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This document discusses strategies for building brand loyalty in the online bingo industry. It emphasizes the importance of defining the brand, building the brand online through a distinct message, and targeting niche audiences. To develop loyal customers, brands should cater to customers' desires for value, innovation, or exclusivity. The document also compares strategies between land-based and online bingo, such as using live callers, promotions, and social interactions to bridge gaps in customer demographics and build communities.
Exhaust gas recirculation
Vehicular traffic is a major contributor to environmental pollution today. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted from vehicle exhaust are particularly harmful, as they are constituents of smog and contribute to acid rain and respiratory illnesses. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is an effective method to reduce NOx emissions from diesel engines by recirculating exhaust gas into the engine cylinders, lowering peak combustion temperatures and reducing available oxygen. This intermixing of exhaust gas with intake air through an EGR valve and cooler system achieves NOx reductions of 5-30% while improving engine efficiency and life.
EXHAUST GAS RE-CIRCULATION SYSTEM
Exhaust Gas Recirculation is an effective method for NOx control. The exhaust gases mainly consist of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc. and the mixture has higher specific heat compared to atmospheric air. Re-circulated exhaust gas displaces fresh air entering the combustion chamber with carbon dioxide and water vapor present in engine exhaust. As a consequence of this air displacement, lower amount of oxygen in the intake mixture is available for combustion. Reduced oxygen available for combustion lowers the effective air–fuel ratio. This effective reduction in air–fuel ratio affects exhaust emissions
Exhaust gas-recirculation-in-four-stroke-engine
Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is a method to reduce NOx emissions from engines. It works by recirculating exhaust gases back into the engine cylinders, which reduces oxygen and lowers combustion temperatures. This prevents nitrogen and oxygen from combining to form harmful NOx. The basic parts of an EGR system are the EGR valve, EGR cooler, and EGR transfer pipe. EGR lowers NOx by up to 70% but introduces complexity that must be carefully controlled to avoid degradation and instability over many operating conditions. Further development aims to improve durability and integration with engine management systems.
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This document is an analysis of Shakespeare's Sonnet 35. It includes 5 references to other works analyzing aspects of the sonnet. The references are cited using Creative Commons licenses allowing for non-commercial sharing and reuse with attribution. The document also includes images and music to accompany the sonnet analysis, with sources cited under Creative Commons licenses allowing for sharing and adaption with attribution.
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This document summarizes a study on the performance of propulsion systems in traditional fishing vessels in Kampung Wadas, Bojonegara, Banten, Indonesia. The study varied the angle of the propeller shaft from 22 to 30 degrees and measured the impact on flow rate, torque, power delivered, and efficiency. The results showed that a propeller shaft angle of 22 degrees produced the optimum efficiency, with a flow rate of 0.25 m/s, power of 1601.01 W, and efficiency of 0.16. Varying the propeller shaft angle impacted the vessel's propulsion performance.
The Effects of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Exhaust Emissions
This study investigated the effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on emissions and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine running on biodiesel from waste cooking oil (WCO) and diesel. Biodiesel was produced through alkali-catalyzed transesterification of WCO. The engine was tested with biodiesel-diesel blends (B20, B40, B80, B100) with and without 30% EGR. EGR effectively reduced NOx emissions for all fuels by lowering combustion temperatures but increased hydrocarbon, smoke and CO emissions due to reduced oxygen. B20 generally had the lowest emissions. While EGR increased fuel consumption, it was very effective at reducing NOx to
exhaust gas recirculation
This document is a student project report on exhaust gas recirculation in two-wheeler engines. It summarizes that exhaust gas recirculation works by recirculating a portion of an engine's exhaust gas back into the cylinders to reduce nitric oxide emissions. It does this by lowering the peak combustion temperature since nitric oxide formation increases at high temperatures. The report concludes that exhaust gas recirculation is an effective and reliable method for reducing air pollution from vehicles and improving human health.
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There are different types of spraying equipment used for vector control, including indoor residual spraying and space spray treatments. Common sprayers used for indoor residual spraying are stirrup pumps, hand-compression sprayers, and knapsack sprayers. Space spray treatments involve applying very fine aerosol droplets that remain airborne. Thermal fogging uses hot gas to vaporize insecticide solutions and form dense fog droplets, while cold fogging uses high-pressure nozzles to generate ultra-low-volume spray without heat. Various vehicles and equipment have been developed for both thermal and cold fogging applications.
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Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) System means to use the Exhaust Gas coming from
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International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
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International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF SINGLE CYLINDER (DI) DIESEL ENGINE BY AIR SWIRL INDUC...
The aim of this study is to investigate a technique to enhance the air swirl to achieve betterment in engine performance characteristics in a direct injection (DI) single cylinder diesel
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IJERD (www.ijerd.com) International Journal of Engineering Research and Devel...
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This document summarizes an experiment studying the influence of Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) on engine components and lubricating oil condition. Engine tests were conducted with and without EGR to evaluate its effects. Tribology tests were also performed using a pin-on-disc test rig under different load, speed and temperature conditions matching the engine, with normal and EGR-contaminated lubricants. The results from the tribology tests were then compared to actual engine wear test data to validate the test parameters. The objective was to analyze how EGR impacts engine component durability and lubricating oil degradation over time.
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The aim of this study is to investigate a technique to enhance the air swirl to achieve
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30120140507014
This document summarizes an experimental study on the performance of a single cylinder diesel engine with inlet manifolds containing different types of internal threads. The study aimed to enhance air swirl through threaded inlet manifolds to improve engine performance characteristics. Three types of internal threads - acme, buttress, and knuckle - were tested and results were compared to the engine with a normal inlet manifold. Testing showed that the inlet manifold with buttress threads achieved the highest swirl coefficient and swirl ratio, and produced the best performance in terms of brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, volumetric efficiency, and exhaust gas temperature compared to the other thread types and the normal manifold. Therefore, the buttress threaded inlet manifold was identified as the
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MATHEMATICAL MODELLING FOR ANALYSIS OF CHANGE IN SHAPE OF SUCTION MANIFOLD TO...
Centrifugal pumps are used extensively for pumping water over short to medium distance through pipeline where the requirements of head and discharge are moderate. The design and optimization of turbo machine impellers such as tho se in pumps and turbines is a highly complicated task due to the complex three-dimension al shape of the impeller blades and surrounding devices. Small differences in geometry can lead to significant changes in the performance of these machines. The efficiency of th e centrifugal pump can be increased by number of ways such as modifying the geometry of th e sump,increasing the diameter of the suction pump,having multiple pumps working in seri es,etc. This paper is part of research work carried out to improve efficiency of a centrifugal pump through changing shapes of the manifolds.
Design and Development Solar Power Aeration System ppt.pdf
In the pond, there was no ventilation. As time went by, water in the pond had become polluted due to the deduction of the oxygen in the water. There were aquatic lives in the pond such as various fish. Due to this issue, aerators were installed all over the pond areas. This stemmed in significantly huge expenses on a monthly basis electricity cost that they had to bear with in order to maintain and increase the oxygen level in the pond. To overcome that problem it is need to make aerator system using Solar energy use.
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This document presents an experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of different exhaust manifold designs to improve the performance of an internal combustion engine. Three manifold geometries - sharp bend, short bend, and long bend - were tested on a single cylinder diesel engine. Experimental results showed the long bend design reduced exhaust backpressure and increased brake thermal efficiency compared to the other designs. CFD analysis validated these results, demonstrating lower pressure and higher velocities within the long bend manifold. The study concluded the long bend manifold facilitates easier exhaust gas flow and lower backpressure to improve engine performance.
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Using excess air to make lean mixture forcefully put down engine cylinder at above 50 km/h speed. an axial fan is used for suction air from atmosphere. by this experiment brake thermal efficiency 2% increase and fuel efficiency also increase 5 km/h compare to ordinary operation.
exhaust gas recirculation
The document summarizes a student project on implementing exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in two-wheeler engines to reduce NOx emissions. It provides background on NOx formation and how EGR works to lower combustion temperatures and oxygen concentration to reduce NOx. The project describes the components of an EGR system, including a gate valve, carbon filter and 2D drawing. Experimental results show relationships between EGR rate, oxygen concentration and reductions in NOx and HC emissions. Technical issues involving combustion contamination, control system stability and materials durability are also discussed. The conclusion is that EGR is an effective and reliable method to control emissions while maintaining fuel efficiency.
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1) The document describes a study investigating the effects of variable intake plenum length on the performance of a spark-ignition engine with electronically controlled fuel injectors.
2) Engine tests were conducted with additional plenum lengths of 16mm, 32mm, 48mm, and 64mm added to the original intake manifold.
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ML Based Model for NIDS MSc Updated Presentation.v2.pptx
Umj seminar 15 nov 2016 2
- 1. EXPERIMENTAL STUDY AND SIMULATION OF EXHAUST GAS RECIRCULATION FOR FOUR CYLINDER ENGINE 2000CC Dr. Eng. Agung Sudrajad Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa Jl. Jend. Sudirman KM 3, Cilegon – Banten, Indonesia E-mail: agung@untirta.ac.id
- 2. Introduction • Focus on engine performance is an increase the efficiency of the engine • EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) is flowing back the small amount of exhaust air of engine • The phenomenon of fluid flow and characteristic of fluid is necessary to study for analysis of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) effectiveness
- 3. Finite Volume Method as Karna Finite Volume Method All of the fluid dynamic flow are using Navier Stoke theoreme: a) p 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑡 + u 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑥 + v 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑦 + w 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑧 − 𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝑥 + 𝜇 𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕𝑥2 + 𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕𝑦2 + 𝜕2 𝑢 𝜕𝑧2 + 𝜌 g x a) p 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑡 + u 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑥 + v 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑦 + w 𝜕𝑣 𝜕𝑧 − 𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝑦 + 𝜇 𝜕2 𝑣 𝜕𝑥2 + 𝜕2 𝑣 𝜕𝑦2 + 𝜕2 𝑣 𝜕𝑧2 + 𝜌 g x a) p 𝜕𝑢 𝜕𝑡 + u 𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑥 + v 𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑦 + w 𝜕𝑤 𝜕𝑧 − 𝜕𝑝 𝜕𝑥 + 𝜇 𝜕2 𝑤 𝜕𝑥2 + 𝜕2 𝑤 𝜕𝑦2 + 𝜕2 𝑤 𝜕𝑧2 + 𝜌 g x
- 4. Engine Test
- 5. Schematic Diagram of Engine Experimental Note : 1. Lamp 2. Amperemetere 3. Voltmeter 4. Inverter 5. Exhaust Pipe 6. Dinamo Ampere 7. Van Radiator 8. Radiator 9. Speedometer 10.Gas control 11.Fuel Tank 12.EGR pipe
- 6. Methodology The experimental conduct of 4 variable of load 200, 400, 600 and 800 Watt. The rotation of engine is 3000 rpm. The fuel used was Pertamina fuel 88 RON. The software for analysis is Cosmos Flow Start Problem identify Research Objective Literature study Data Collecting Basic Theory Simulation Simulation Results Data Analysis Conclusions Finish
- 7. Results No EGR Condition (%) Re 1 5 16231,44 2 7 22934,63 3 10 32302,68
- 8. 7437.41 3471.57 2663.37 2330.4 6580.06 3049.86 1946.35 2153.7 7217.5 3330.82 2254.1 2067.24 7311.18 3518.75 2510.8 1949.16 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 200 400 600 800 SFC(GR/KwH) LOAD (WATT) Normal EGR 0.37% EGR 0.47% EGR 0.46%
- 9. 5% Turbulence Output 7% Turbulence Output 10% Turbulence Output
- 10. Conclusions • The experimental of characteristic of EGR was done. • Specific Fuel Consumption while using EGR is lowest at valve open 10% by 800 W load • The valve EGR 0.47 % the velocity of fluid of air inlet is 1.065 x10-3m3/s