The document discusses heat engines, detailing their definition, efficiency, and classification, including a focus on the Carnot engine and cycle. It describes the first law of thermodynamics in relation to heat transfer and work done by heat engines, highlighting efficiency challenges faced by typical engines. The Carnot cycle is presented as an ideal model for achieving maximum efficiency in heat-to-work conversion.

1. TOPIC: HEAT ENGINE
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2. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION OF HEAT ENGINE
• EXPLANATION OF HEAT ENGINE
• EFFICIENCY OF HEAT ENGINE
• CLASSIFICATION OF ENGINE
• 3D MODEL OF STEAM ENGINE
• CARNOT ENGINE
• CARNOT CYCLE
• CARNOT EFFICIENCY
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3. EXPLANATION OF HEAT ENGINE:
Let,
Q1= Heat transferred to the system
Q2= Heat rejected from the system
W1= Work done upon the system
W2= Work done by the system
The net heat transfer in a cycle to the Heat engine
Qnet = Q1-Q2
And net work transfer
Wnet = W2-W1
By the first law of thermodynamics
∑Q=∑W ……. For a closed cycle
Qnet = Wnet
or
Q1-Q2 = W2-W1
INTRODUCTION: HEAT ENGINE
• A heat engine cycle is a thermodynamic cycle in which there is a net heat
transfer to the system and a net work transfer from the system. The
system which executes a heat engine cycle is called a heat engine.
• It takes heat from a reservoir then does some work like moving a piston,
lifting weight, etc and finally discharges some heat energy into the sink.
A
GINE
k done by the
must be supplied to
le/total heat input
A
A
A
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4. 4
3D MODEL OF STEAM ENGINE

5. CARNOT ENGINE
• The efficiency of a typical automobile engine is
less than 30%.
• This seems to be wasting a lot of energy.
• What is the best efficiency we could achieve?
• What factors determine efficiency?
• The cycle devised by Carnot that an ideal engine
would have to follow is called a Carnot cycle.
• An (ideal, not real) engine following this cycle is
called a Carnot engine.
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6. • Carnot engine is a theoretical thermodynamic
cycle proposed by Leonard Carnot.
• It gives the estimate of the maximum possible
efficiency that a heat engine during the
conversion process of heat into work and
conversely, working between two reservoirs, can
possess.
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7. CARNOT EFFICIENCY

eC 
TH  TC
TH
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8. Carnot’s Theorem & Carnot Cycle
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9. MODEL
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10. Model Video
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11. REFERENCES:
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12. Thank-You for your Valuable Time
and Attention
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