This document defines planning and discusses different types of planning. Planning is defined as anticipating the future and making advance decisions. There are long-range plans that cover many years and departments, and short-range plans that are more specific and cover up to one year. Plans can also be categorized as corporate versus functional, proactive versus reactive, and standing versus single-use. The document outlines the key differences between these types of planning.

2. • Defined in to directions by management thinkers.
– Based on futurity
– As an intellectual function
• Based on futurity:
– “Planning is a trap laid down to capture the future” (Allen)
– “Deciding in advance what is to be done in future” (Koontz)
– “Informed anticipation of future”( Haimann)
– Anticipatory decision making” (R L Ackoff)

3. • Long range Vs Short range
• Strategic Vs Operational
• Corporate Vs Functional
• Proactive Vs Reactive
• Standing Vs Single Use

4. Long range plans are Covers many years and
affects many departments of the business this
goes on more than 5 years. I this long term
goals and strategies are involved.
Short range plans are more specific and
detail. Its maximum goes upto the 1 year.in
this only the current operations of
organisation are involved

5. These plans the based on primary jugdemental. Adapt
to external environment based on internal strengths .
These goes on more than 5 years.
Thes are based on exact data and standards.
They also involves in implementing internal
goals. These goes on not more than a year.

6. 6
Corporate Plan
– A comprehensive plan that outlines the broad objectives
of a company as a whole and develops plans to achieve
those objectives
– Focus on organizational performance
Functional Plan
– Is unit planning and deals with different departments in
an isolated manner.
– Focus on departmental performance

7. 7
Proactive Planning
– Managers challenge the future, anticipating future
contingencies and get ready with alternative routes
for unforeseen circumstances
reactive Planning
– Organizations react to events as and when they
arise

8. 8
Standing Plans
– Developed for activities that recur regularly over a
period of time
Ex:
– Objectives, Policies, Procedures, Methods, Rules
Single Use plans
– Developed to carry out a course of action that is
not likely to be repeated in future
Ex:
– Programmes, Schedules, Projects, Budgets

9. 9
Hierarchy of Plans
Purpose
or Mission
Objectives
Strategies
Policies: Major or Minor
Procedures
Rules
Programs: Major or minor and supporting
Budgets: numberized programs

10. We must plan for the
future , because people
who stay in the present
will remain in the past.