The document describes 14 different human species that have existed throughout history. It provides brief descriptions of each species, including physical characteristics like brain size, body size, and tools used. Some of the species described are Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo heidelbergensis, Homo neanderthalensis, Homo sapiens idaltu, Homo floresiensis, Denisova hominins, and modern humans. The species range from some of the earliest hominins to archaic humans to our own species, Homo sapiens.

1. Types of Human Species
By Ojingiri Hannah

2. Homo
gautengensis
Homo gautengensis had
big teeth suitable for
chewing plant materials.
It was small brained and
was probably an
ecological specialist. It
apparently produced and
use stone tools and may
even have made fire, as
there is evidence for
burnt animals bones
associated with homo
gautengesis’ remains.

3. Homo habilis
Homo habilis is the least
similar to modern
humans of all species in
the genus Homo.
Homo habilis was short
and had
disproportionately long
arms compared to
modern humans.

4. Homo
ergaster
Homo ergaster had
thinner bones, more
protrusive face, and
lower forehead. Homo
ergaster remained
stable for ca. 500,000
years in Africa before
disappearing from
fossil record 1.4million
years ago. Not only was
homo ergaster like
modern humans in
body, but also more in
organisation and
sociality than any
earlier species.

5. Homo
erectus
Homo erectus had a
cranial capacity greater
than that of homo
habilis, the earliest
remains show a cranial
capacity of 850cm, while
the javan specimens
measure up to 1100 cm.,
over lapping that of
homo sapiens.
Homo erectus may have
been the first hominid to
use rafts to travel over
oceans.

6. Homo
rudolfensis
In Homo rudolfensis
the cranial capacity
based on the new
construction was
reported to be
downsized from
752cm to about
526cm. Homo
rudolfensis displays
less prognathism and
a more rounded
braincase rather than
a bunning brain.

7. Homo
antecessor
Homo antecessor was
about 1.6 – 1.8 m.
their brain sizes were
roughly 1,000 – 1,500
cm, smaller than
1,500 average of
modern humans.
Homo antecessor
might have been right-
handed, a trait that
makes the species
different from other
apes.

8. Homo
cepranesis
Homo cepranesis is a
proposed name for
human species,
known from only one
skull cap discovered
1994. the age of the
fossil is estimated to
be between 350,000 to
500,000 years old.

9. Homo
heidelbergensis
Homo heidelbergensis
are likely to be
descended from the
morphological very
similar ergaster from
Africa. Homo
heidelbergensis had a
larger brain-case with
a typical cranial
volume of 1100-1400
cm overlapping the
1350 cm average of
modern humans and
had more advanced
tools and behavior.

10. Homo
rhodensiensis
The cranium of a
Homo rhodensiensis
was found in a lead
and zinc mine in
Broken Hill, Northern
Rhodesia.

11. Homo
neanderthalensis
They are closely
related to modern
humans, differing in
DNA by just 0.12%.
Remains left by homo
Neanderthals include
bone and stone tools,
which are found in
Euresia , from
Western Europe to
Central and Northern
Asia.

12. Homo sapiens
idaltu
Homo sapiens idaltu is
an extinct subspecies
of Homo sapiens that
lived almost 160,000
years ago in
Pleistocene Africa.
“idaltu” is from the
Saho-Afar word
meaning “elder” or
“first born”.

13. Homo
floresiensis
(Hobbit)
Homo floresiensis
(“Flores Man”,
nicknamed “hobbit”
and “Flo”) is widely
believed to be an
extinct species in the
genus Homo.
Homo floresiensis may
be connected by folk
memory to ebu gogo
myths prevalent on
the isle of Flores.

14. Denisova
hominin
(Denisovan)
Denisova or denisova
hominins are an
extinct species of
human in the genius
Homo.

15. Red Deer
Cave people
The Red Deer Cave
people were the most
recent known
prehistoric population
that do not resemble
modern humans.

16. Us (Homo
sapiens)
Modern humans
(homo sapiens or homo
sapien sapien) are the
only extant members
of the hominin clade,
a branch of great apes
characterized by erect
posture and bipedal
locomotion; manual
dexterity and
increased tool use;
and a general trend
toward larger, more
complex brains and
societies.