Types of diction
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There are different types of diction used when addressing different audiences. Formal diction is used for highly educated audiences in documents like sermons and journals. Informal diction, including slang, is used for familiar audiences and has a more conversational purpose as seen in emails, letters, novels, and sports broadcasts. Colloquial diction is characteristic of spoken language and writing seeking a conversational effect, while slang uses non-standard terms for humor, irreverence or other effects, especially in casual speech among a group.
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The document defines and provides examples of different language variations including dialects, accents, bilingualism, diglossia, pidgins, creoles, registers, slang, jargon, argot, code mixing, code switching, isoglosses, and dialect boundaries. It discusses how dialects have noticeable changes in pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary compared to a standard language. It also explains concepts like diglossia where two varieties of the same language are used for different purposes, and how pidgins and creoles develop from contact languages.
Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language
This document discusses varieties and registers of spoken and written language. It defines language, spoken language, and written language. It then defines varieties of language, including standard language and dialects. Standard language is used for public purposes or has undergone standardization, while dialects are regional or social varieties distinguished by pronunciation, grammar, or vocabulary. Varieties include regional dialects, ethnolects, sociolects, and idiolects. The document also defines registers as styles of language appropriate for different audiences, topics, and situations. Examples of registers given are frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and intimate.
assessment_result_898108
The document provides language assessment results for an individual's English skills. It rates the individual at level C2, the highest level, in all areas assessed: key communicative phrases, vocabulary, grammar, listening comprehension, and reading comprehension. A C2 level indicates the ability to understand virtually everything heard or read, including subtle nuances and meanings.
Language Variation
This document discusses various types of language variation including dialects, sociolects, idiolects, registers, pidgins, and creoles. It notes that dialects are varieties of a language used by a specific group that share non-linguistic characteristics. Pidgins develop for communication between groups that don't share a common language, while creoles emerge when a pidgin becomes a community's native language.
Language Variation
This document discusses various types of language variation including dialects, sociolects, idiolects, registers, pidgins, and creoles. It notes that dialects are varieties of a language used by a particular group that share non-linguistic characteristics. Pidgins develop for communication between groups that don't share a common language, while creoles emerge when a pidgin becomes a community's native language.
6. Aftermath of language variation.pptx
The document discusses different types of language varieties that emerge from natural variation in language, including dialects, registers, pidgins, creoles, jargon, and more. It provides definitions and examples of each. Key varieties discussed are:
- Dialects emerge from regional, social, or ethnic differences in vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation. Examples include Southern American English.
- Registers vary based on social context or formality, like casual conversation versus formal writing.
- Pidgins develop for communication between speakers of different languages but become more standardized over time.
- Creoles emerge when a pidgin becomes a community's native language over generations with its own grammar.
- Jargon
Diction
Diction refers to word choice and levels of diction include high or formal, neutral, and informal or low. Types of diction are slang, colloquial expressions, jargon, dialect, concrete, abstract, denotation, and connotation. Writers use diction to communicate ideas, evoke emotions, and convey views of truth to readers.
Standard Language
Standard language is an official form of a language used for formal situations like newspapers and speeches. It is established through social, economic and political influences and codified to be accessible to all speakers of the language. Characteristics of a standard language include being a prestigious variety recognized by a community and used for high functions. In contrast, a dialect is a form of a language spoken by a particular group in a region, shown through accent and vocabulary. While dialects have benefits like developing characters, they also have risks like being confusing, offensive or distracting. Standard languages differ from dialects in having more speakers, being used in all fields, and representing all dialects under it, whereas dialects have limitations.
Standard form of language and dialects
This document discusses the differences between dialects and standard languages. It defines dialects as varieties of language spoken in particular regions that have unique vocabularies, grammars and pronunciations. Dialects are influenced by rural or urban socio-cultural factors and can vary between geographical areas. In contrast, a standard language is an official form that is codified and accessible to all speakers of that language for use in education, media and science. While dialects have small language areas and variations between regions, standard languages have larger speaker populations and areas of use across dialects.
LANGUAGE.ppt dialect vs language reporting
This document discusses language, dialects, and registers. It begins by defining the difference between a language and dialect, noting that a dialect is a regional variety of a larger language. It then discusses two types of dialects: geographical/regional dialects, which vary based on geographic location; and social dialects, also called sociolects, which vary based to social factors like occupation, age, or class. Finally, it defines language registers as levels of formality, outlining five main registers from frozen to intimate and factors like audience and purpose that influence register choice.
Social variation in language
This document discusses social variation in language and key concepts in sociolinguistics. It covers social dialects defined by education and occupation. It also discusses speech styles that vary based on formality, as well as speech accommodation theories of convergence and divergence. Registers are varieties used for different purposes, and examples of jargon, slang, and taboo terms are provided. The document also summarizes African American English as a vernacular continuum and describes some typical sound changes observed.
spoken and written-lang.ppttue llllllhsuwubshd
This document discusses the key differences and similarities between spoken and written language. Spoken language involves vocalization and gestures while written language uses visual symbols to represent words. Both are used for communication but written language has more formal rules. Some key differences are that spoken language relies on speaking and listening while written language uses reading and writing skills. Both are important for communication in different contexts like education, business, and technology.
Varieties and register of spoken and written language
The document discusses different types of language registers including frozen, formal, consultative, informal, and neutral. It provides examples of situations that correspond with each register type. Hannah is described as shifting between informal and formal language registers depending on who she is speaking with - using informal language with classmates but more formal language with her music teacher. The document encourages readers to consider which register is appropriate for different social situations and interactions.
Personal Language PaperDescribe for your readers what a personal.docx
Personal Language Paper
Describe for your readers what a personal language is and tell us how your personal language developed over your lifetime. The paper is 2-3 pages long, word-processed; and proofread. Remember to send it through the assignment function and in either word or rich text format (rtf).
Suggested format for Paper
Introduction Paragraph
: Start with some kind of attention-getter for your readers: perhaps a question or a dramatic statement. Let your readers know what the topic of your paper is. Be sure to define the term personal language for your readers and explain to them the important role that the symbolic nature of language and fields of experience plays in the existence and development of a personal language (Do not use the Wikipedia definition---it isn't what we are talking about). Preview the paper for your reader (that you will be discussing your personal language---or even better how jargon, slang, regionalisms, and connotations make up your personal language).
Body
: Then have a series of paragraphs, each one addressing one of the categories of personal language. Remember to define (the definitions are right here on the assignment page) the category for your readers and to give specific examples from your personal experience of those categories.
Conclusion
: Summarize your main points and then conclude in a memorable way.
Language Category Definitions to be included in paper
:
Jargon
: Special words peculiar to the members of a profession or a group (usually technical language)
Slang:
Words and phrases used in casual speech often invented and spread by close-knit social or age groups.
Dialect
: A language variety used by a particular group of speakers; dialects are the mutually intelligible forms of a language that differ in systematic way from each other (Cajun, Ebonics).
Connotative:
The evocative or affective (emotional) meaning of a word.
Regionalism
: Where the same thing has different signifying words in different regions where the same language is spoken.
Accent:
The relative prominence of a particular syllable of a word by greater intensity or by variation or modulation of pitch or tone.
Idioms
: Words or phrases that can not be translated literally
.
Chapter 5 Part 2 Cst110
The document summarizes key aspects of verbal communication and language use, including:
1) Language is influenced by one's environment and culture, and different contexts have different expected rituals and rules of communication.
2) Language appropriateness depends on avoiding insults, swearing, aggression, and using euphemisms or doublespeak instead.
3) Most careers and groups have specialized jargon, and language and style change based on one's roles, experiences, and group memberships.
4) Gender differences exist in speaking styles aimed at intimacy versus status, and powerful language is persuasive by avoiding weakeners and getting to the point.
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Varieties and Registers of Spoken and Written Language
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Types of diction
- 1. TYPES OF DICTION AP Language
- 2. Used when addressing a highly educated audience. This includes sermons, scholarly journals, etc. FORMAL
- 3. used when addressing a familiar or specific audience. This includes personal letters, emails, and documents with conversational or entertaining purposes. This level also includes "slang" language, which may be used to create a specific "flavor" as in sports casting or novels. INFORMAL
- 4. 1. Characteristic of or appropriate to the spoken language or to writing that seeks the effect of speech; informal. 2. Relating to conversation; conversational. COLLOQUIAL
- 5. SLANG 1. A kind of language occurring chiefly in casual and playful speech, made up typically of short-lived coinages and figures of speech that are deliberately used in place of standard terms for added raciness, humor, irreverence, or other effect. 2. Language peculiar to a group; argot or jargon: thieves' slang.