This document discusses different communicative strategies for maintaining conversations. It identifies 7 types of strategies: 1) Nomination, which involves opening topics; 2) Restriction, which involves following instructions on allowed topics; 3) Turn-taking, which involves letting all speakers have a turn; 4) Topic control, which involves formal vs informal topic development; 5) Topic shifting, which moves the conversation to new topics; 6) Repair, which addresses problems in speaking and understanding; and 7) Termination, which closes out topics through expressions. The strategies provide blueprints for exchanging information and allowing communicative competence.

1. HOW DO YOU
MAINTAIN A
GOOD
CONVERSATION?

3. TYPES OF
LESSON 3
ROSANNA MARIE C. JAVIER
Strategy
Communicative

4. At the end of the lesson you are
able to:
1. Distinguish the various types of
communicative strategies;
2. Use acceptable, polite and meaningful
communicative strategies.

5. TYPES OF
LESSON 3
ROSANNA MARIE C. JAVIER
Strategy
Communicative

6. Communication
strategies are the
blueprints for how the
information will be
exchanged.

7. Used by learners to
overcome problems
of conveying
intended meaning.

8. Effective use of these
strategies results to
communicative
competence.

9. Strategies must be used
to start and maintain a
conversation. (Cohen,
1990)

10. 1.
NOMINATION

16. When you employ this strategy, you try to open a
topic with the people you are talking to.
When beginning a topic, you may start off with
news inquiries and news announcements as they
promise extended talk.

17. 2.
RESTRICTION

23. Any limitation you may have a speaker. When
communicating in the classroom, in a meeting, or
while hanging out with your friends, you are
typically given specific instructions that you must
follow

24. For example, in your class, you
might be asked by your teacher to
brainstorm on peer pressure or
deliver a speech on digital natives.

25. In these cases, cannot
decide to talk about
something else.

26. Remember to always be on
point and avoid sideswiping
from the topic during the
conversation to avoid
communication breakdown.

27. 3. TURN-
TAKING

33. The process by which people decide who
takes the conversation floor.
give all
The primary idea is to
communicators a chance to speak.

34. Remember to keep your words
relevant and reasonably short
enough to express your views or
feelings.

35. To acknowledge others, you may employ
visual signals like a nod, a look, or a step
back. Accompanied with spoken cues such
as
“What do you think?” or “You
wanted to say something?”

36. 4. TOPIC
CONTROL

41. Covers how procedural formality or informality affects the
development of topic in conversations.
For example, in meetings, you may only have a turn to
speak after the chairperson directs you to do so.

42. You can make yourself actively involved in the
conversation without overly dominating it by
using minimal responses like “Yes,
” “Okay,
” ”Go
on”; asking tag questions to clarify information
briefly like “You are excited, aren’t you?”, “It was
unexpected, wasn’t it?”; even by laughing.

43. 5. TOPIC SHIFTING

46. Moving from one topic to another. In
other words, it is where one part of a
conversation ends and where another
begins.

47. “By the way,”
“In addition to what you said,”
“Which reminds me of,”

48. 6. REPAIR

49. Refers to how speakers address
the problems in speaking,
listening, and comprehending
that they may encounter in a
conversation.

50. Speakers will always try to
address and correct if there is a
problem in understanding the
conversation.

51. 7.
TERMINATION

52. Close-initiating
expressionsthat end a
topic in a conversation.

53. Most of the time, the topic
initiator takes responsibility
to signal the end of the
discussion as well.